List of Writing Scripts by Time of Creation
From EverybodyWiki Bios & Wiki
Writing scripts have evolved since the invention of writing, the following is a list of writing scripts by the time of its creation:
4th Milennium B.C.
- Cuneiform, summer.ref name="oxford_dictionaries">"cuneiform". Oxford Dictionaries. Archived from the original on 2016-09-25. Retrieved 2025-12-05.</ref>[1]
2nd Milennium B.C.
- Oracle bone script, China.[2]
11th Century B.C.
9th Century B.C.
4th Century B.C.
- Clerical script, China.[3]
7th Century
8th Century
- Carolingian minuscule, France.[4]
14th Century
- Ming (MinchoSong) typefaces developed by Chinese scholars and artisans during Ming Dynasty), used in China, Japan and Korea.[5]
15th Century
| Typeface | Date of Creation | Designer | Nationality |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gutenberg 42-line Bible type | 1455 | Johannes Gutenberg | Germany |
| Venetian Old Style | c. 1460 | Nicolas Jenson | Italy |
| Schwabacher | c. 1460 | Unknown, Germany | Germany |
| Early Roman type, Subiaco press | c. 1465 | Konrad Sweynheym & Arnold Pannartz | Italy / Germany-trained |
| Bastarda | c. 1465 | Unknown, France | France |
| Early English printing Blackletter types | late 1470s | William Caxton | England |
| Aldine | c. 1490 | Aldus Manutius | Italy |
| Roman du Roi | c. 1492 | Charles II de Valois | France |
| Bembo (first cut for 1495/1496) | c. 1495 | Francesco Griffo | Italy |
| Griffo's Roman | c. 1496 | Francesco Griffo | Italy |
| Aldus Roman | c. 1499 | Aldus Manutius | Italy |
| Early Roman / color‑printing types by Ratdolt | c. 1486 | Erhard Ratdolt | Germany |
| Fraktur | c. 1500 | Jörg Breu | Germany |
| Cancelleresca | c. 1500 | Giovanni Francesco Cresci | Italy |
16th
| Typeface | Date of Creation | Designer | Nationality |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fraktur | c. 1500 | Jörg Breu | Germany |
| Cancelleresca | c. 1500 | Giovanni Francesco Cresci | Italy |
| Italic type | c. 1501 | Aldus Manutius | Italy |
| Lauro | c. 1510 | Giovanni da Udine | Italy |
| Garalde | c. 1515 | Claude Garamond | France |
| Roman type | c. 1520 | Giovanni da Udine | Italy |
| Antiqua | c. 1520 | Francesco Griffo | Italy |
| Ciceronian | c. 1520 | Giovanni da Udine | Italy |
| Parisian | c. 1520 | French Foundry | France |
| Cicero | c. 1530 | Giovanni de’ Vecchi | Italy |
| Garamond | c. 1549 | Claude Garamond | France |
| Giambattista Bodoni | c. 1560 | Giambattista Bodoni | Italy |
17th
| Typeface | Date of Creation / Release (if known) | Designer | Nationality |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fraktur | 1600s | Unknown, Germany | Germany |
| Dutch Roman | 1610s | Robert Granjon | Netherlands |
| Cancelleresca | 1600s | Giovanni Francesco Cresci | Italy |
| Baskerville Old Face | 1660s | John Baskerville | England |
| Sablonière | 1670s | Jean Jannon | France |
| Roman du Roi | 1690s | Philippe Grandjean | France |
| Cicero | 1690s | Claude Garamond | France |
| Bodoni | 1690s | Giambattista Bodoni | Italy |
18th
| Typeface | Date of Creation / First Known Reference | Designer | Nationality |
|---|---|---|---|
| Two Lines English Egyptian | 1816 (specimen) | William Caslon IV | United Kingdom |
| Latin Antique (plain serif style) | 1880s | John F. Cumming | United States |
| Century | 1894 | Linn Boyd Benton | United States |
| Caslon Antique | 1894 | Berne Nadall | United States |
| Jenson Old Style / Satanick (revival) | 1896 (wood-type) | John F. Cumming | United States |
| Clarendon | 1845 | Benjamin Fox | England |
| Baskerville | — | John Baskerville | England |
| Caslon | — | William Caslon | England |
| Old Style | — | Alexander Phemister | Scotland / United Kingdom |
| Jenson's Roman (Landmark Roman typeface) | — | Nicolas Jenson | France |
19th century
| Typeface | Date of Creation | Designer | Nationality |
|---|---|---|---|
| Two Lines English Egyptian | 1816 (specimen) | William Caslon IV | United Kingdom |
| Clarendon | 1845 | Benjamin Fox | England |
| Jim Crow | 1850s / recast 1933 | Dickinson Type Foundry / ATF | United States |
| Century | 1894 | Linn Boyd Benton | United States |
| Caslon Antique | 1894 | Berne Nadall | United States |
| Jenson Old Style / Satanick (revival) | 1896 (wood-type) | John F. Cumming | United States |
| Latin Antique (a plain serif style) | 1880s | John F. Cumming | United States |
| Naris | around 1890 | Prince Narisara Nuwattiwong | Thailand |
| Old Style (revival typeface) | — | Alexander Phemister | Scotland / United Kingdom |
| Egyptian Slate | — | William Caslon | England |
| Rockwell | 1934 | Frank Hinman Pierpont | United States |
| Bodoni Modern | 1790s | Giambattista Bodoni | Italy |
| Gothic | 1880s | Alexander Phemister | United Kingdom |
20th century
| Typeface | Date of Creation | Designer | Nationality |
|---|---|---|---|
| Copperplate Gothic | 1901 | Frederic Goudy | United States |
| Endeavour | 1901 | Charles Robert Ashbee | United Kingdom |
| Belwe Roman | 1907 | Georg Belwe | Germany |
| Centaur | 1914 | Bruce Rogers | United States |
| Johnston | 1916 | Edward Johnston | United Kingdom |
| Cooper Black | 1922 | Oswald Bruce Cooper | United States |
| Bauer Bodoni | 1926 | Heinrich Jost | Germany |
| Erbar | 1926 | Jakob Erbar | Germany |
| Kabel | 1927 | Rudolf Koch | Germany |
| Futura | 1927 | Paul Renner | Germany |
| Taiko | 1928 | Otto Arpke | Germany |
| Gill Sans | 1928 | Eric Gill | United Kingdom |
| Nobel | 1929 | Sjoerd Hendrik de Roos, Dick Dooijes | Netherlands |
| Albertus | 1932 | Berthold Wolpe | Germany |
| Times New Roman | 1932 | Stanley Morison | United Kingdom |
| Rockwell | 1934 | Frank Hinman Pierpont | United States |
| Bell Gothic | 1938 | Chauncey H. Griffith | United States |
| Palatino | 1949 | Hermann Zapf | Germany |
| Microgramma | 1952 | Alessandro Butti, Aldo Novarese | Italy |
| Helvetica | 1957 | Max Miedinger | Switzerland |
| East Asian Gothic typeface | 1960 | around 1960 | — |
| Myung-jo | 1960 | Choi Jung‑ho | around 1960 |
| Eurostile | 1962 | Aldo Novarese | Italy |
| Sabon | 1967 | Jan Tschichold | Germany |
| GNU FreeFont | 2002 | Primož Peterlin, Steve White | — |
| Elegance | — | Karlgeorg Hoefer | Germany |
| Fortune | — | Konrad Friedrich Bauer, Walter Baum | Germany |
| Hadassah | — | Shalom Hadar, Aviv, Henri Friedlaender | Israel |
| Inkunabula | — | Raffaello Bertieri | Italy |
| FF Balance | — | Evert Bloemsma | Netherlands |
| Hollandsche Mediæval | — | S.H. de Roos | Netherlands |
| Spectrum | — | Jan van Krimpen | Netherlands |
| Kumlien Medieval | — | Akke Kumlien | Sweden |
| Abbott Old Style, Cloister Black (with M.F. Benton) | — | Joseph W. Phinney | United States |
| Artcraft, Munder, Advertisers Gothic, plus many more | — | Robert Wiebking | United States |
| Bahrens-Schrift | — | Peter Behrens | Germany |
| Courier | — | Howard Kettler | — |
| Bodoni (revival) | — | Giambattista Bodoni | Italy |
| Didot (revival) | — | François-Ambroise Didot, Pierre Didot | France |
| Caslon (revival) | — | William Caslon IV | United Kingdom |
| Gotham | — | Tobias Frere-Jones | United States |
| Clarendon (revival) | — | Benjamin Fox | England |
See also
- Writing system
- Type design
- List of type designers
- List of display typefaces
- List of typefaces designed by Frederic Goudy
- List of typefaces included with macOS
- List of typefaces designed by Tobias Frere-Jones
- SIL Open Font License
References
- ↑ Cuneiform: Irving Finkel & Jonathan Taylor bring ancient inscriptions to life. The British Museum. June 4, 2014.
- ↑ Li Xueqin (2002). "The Xia–Shang–Zhou Chronology Project: Methodology and Results". Journal of East Asian Archaeology. 4: 321–333. doi:10.1163/156852302322454585.
- ↑ Xigui, Qiu (2000). Chinese writing. Society for the study of Early China. pp. 103–112, 118–126, 138–147. ISBN 1-55729-071-7. OCLC 470162569. Search this book on
- ↑ Ganz, David (2020). "Early Caroline". The Oxford Handbook of Latin Paleography: 237.
- ↑ "漢字書体の歴史" [History of Kanji Typefaces]. Kinkido Type Laboratory (in 日本語). Archived from the original on 2023-11-30. Retrieved 2024-02-20.
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