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Maria Giovanna Dainotti

From EverybodyWiki Bios & Wiki




Maria Giovanna Dainotti is an Italian astrophysicist known for her work on gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), cosmology, and statistical methods in astrophysics. She is recognized for discovering empirical correlations in GRB afterglows, known as the Dainotti relations, which are used as potential cosmological probes.[1]

Early life and education

Dainotti is originally from southern Italy. She obtained her PhD in relativistic astrophysics from Sapienza University of Rome in 2008.[1]

Career

Dainotti is an Assistant Professor at the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) and The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Japan, and an Affiliate Research Scientist at the Space Science Institute, United States.[1]

After completing her PhD, she joined Jagiellonian University in 2009 as a research assistant. She has held visiting and research positions at several international institutions. She was a visiting scholar at RIKEN (Japan) under a JSPS Fellowship in 2014–2015 and again in 2019. She has also worked at Stanford University under the Fulbright, Marie Curie, and American Astronomical Society fellowships between 2012–2013 and 2015–2018.[1]

Research

Dainotti specializes in high-energy astrophysics, gamma-ray bursts, selection effects in astronomical data, statistical methods, and active galactic nuclei.[1]

Gamma-ray bursts

Dainotti is best known for discovering a correlation between the X-ray luminosity at the end of the plateau phase and the rest-frame duration of that phase in GRB afterglows, known as the Dainotti relation.[2][3]

This relation has been extended to include higher-dimensional correlations, such as the GRB "fundamental plane", and has been investigated as a tool to standardize GRBs for cosmological applications.[4][5]

Her work has also addressed selection biases affecting GRB correlations and their use in cosmology, as well as multi-wavelength and statistical analyses of GRB samples.[6][7]

More recent work has further explored GRB correlations, population studies, and their cosmological applications using improved statistical techniques and larger datasets.[8][9]

Cosmology

Dainotti has contributed to studies of the Hubble constant tension and the redshift evolution of cosmological parameters using Type Ia supernovae, GRBs, and other probes. She has developed statistical approaches based on bias-corrected datasets and non-Gaussian likelihoods.[10]

In collaboration with Giovanni Montani and collaborators, she has investigated parameterizations of cosmic expansion, including power-law parameterizations of the Hubble constant and its redshift evolution.[11][12][13] Using binned analyses of large supernova datasets, these studies explore possible redshift evolution of cosmological parameters and deviations from the Lambda-CDM model.[13][14][15]

She has also contributed, in collaboration with Giovanni Montani and collaborators, to studies of dark energy, modified gravity, and scalar field models addressing the Hubble tension.[16][17][18]

Dainotti has further investigated statistical assumptions in supernova cosmology and their impact on parameter estimation, as well as the use of multiple probes including quasars and GRBs to reduce uncertainties in cosmological measurements.[10][19]

Her work has also explored the use of GRB correlations as cosmological tools.[20][21][22][23]

Other research areas

More recently, Dainotti has worked on machine learning methods for estimating redshifts of GRBs and active galactic nuclei, as well as on selection effects in supernova cosmology.[9][10]

Academic memberships

Awards and honors

  • Order of Merit of the Italian Republic (Knighthood), awarded in 2013 at the Quirinal Palace, Rome
  • International Principessa Sichelgaita Prize, 2018
  • Marie Curie Fellow of the Week, 2019
  • Distinguished Fellow of the City of Cava de' Tirreni
  • Featured in Marie Curie programme communications as a success story (2019)
  • Guest of honor at the Fulbright Alumni event in Rome (2019)[1]

Professional activities

Dainotti has served as a reviewer for NASA panels and journals including The Astrophysical Journal, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, and Nature Communications. She has also organized conferences and served as editor and session chair at American Astronomical Society meetings.[1] Dainotti has contributed to mentoring students and early-career researchers through her academic roles and international research collaborations, including supervision in astrophysics and cosmology.

Public outreach and media

Her research has been featured in press releases by NASA, the American Astronomical Society, and Stanford University. Her work has also been highlighted in television and radio programs, including Italian national media coverage and interviews associated with Fulbright and Marie Curie programmes.[1]

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 "Maria Giovanna Dainotti". National Astronomical Observatory of Japan. Retrieved 2026-04-22., "Maria Giovanna Dainotti". SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies). Retrieved 2026-04-22., "Maria Giovanna Dainotti". Personal webpage. Retrieved 2026-04-22.
  2. ↑ Dainotti, M. G.; Cardone, V. F.; Capozziello, S. (2008). "A time–luminosity correlation for γ-ray bursts in the X-rays". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters. 391 (1): L79–L83. arXiv:0809.1389. Bibcode:2008MNRAS.391L..79D. doi:10.1111/j.1745-3933.2008.00560.x.
  3. ↑ Dainotti, M. G.; Ostrowski, M.; Willingale, R. (2011). "GRB correlations and selection effects". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 418: 2202. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.19433.x.
  4. ↑ Dainotti, M. G.; Postnikov, S.; Hernandez, X.; Ostrowski, M. (2016). "A fundamental plane for long gamma-ray bursts with X-ray plateaus". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 825 (2): L20. arXiv:1604.06840. Bibcode:2016ApJ...825L..20D. doi:10.3847/2041-8205/825/2/L20.
  5. ↑ Dainotti, M. G.; Lenart, A. L.; Sarracino, G. (2020). "GRB fundamental plane and cosmological applications". The Astrophysical Journal. 904: 97. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abbe8a.
  6. ↑ Dainotti, M. G.; Petrosian, V.; Bowden, L. (2021). "Selection effects and GRB correlations". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 914: L40. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/abf5e4.
  7. ↑ Dainotti, M. G.; De Simone, B.; Islam, K. M. (2022). "Statistical analysis of GRB correlations". The Astrophysical Journal. 938: 41. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac8b77.
  8. ↑ Dainotti, M. G.; Narendra, A.; Pollo, A. (2024). "Recent developments in GRB studies". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 967: L30. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ad4970.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Dainotti, M. G.; Taira, E.; Wang, E. (2024). "GRB catalogs and statistical analyses". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 271: 22. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ad1aaf.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Dainotti, M. G.; Bargiacchi, G.; Bogdan, M.; Capozziello, S.; Nagataki, S. (2024). "On the statistical assumption on the distance moduli of Supernovae Ia and its impact on the determination of cosmological parameters". Journal of High Energy Astrophysics. 41: 30–41. Bibcode:2024JHEAp..41...30D. doi:10.1016/j.jheap.2024.01.001.
  11. ↑ Dainotti, M. G.; De Simone, B.; Schiavone, T.; Montani, G.; Rinaldi, E.; Lambiase, G. (2021). "On the Hubble Constant Tension in the SNe Ia Pantheon Sample". The Astrophysical Journal. 912 (2): 150. arXiv:2103.02117. Bibcode:2021ApJ...912..150D. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abeb73.
  12. ↑ Dainotti, M. G.; De Simone, B. D.; Schiavone, T.; Montani, G.; Rinaldi, E.; Lambiase, G.; Bogdan, M.; Ugale, S. (2022). "On the Evolution of the Hubble Constant with the SNe Ia Pantheon Sample and Baryon Acoustic Oscillations: A Feasibility Study for GRB-Cosmology in 2030". Galaxies. 10 (1): 24. arXiv:2201.09848. Bibcode:2022Galax..10...24D. doi:10.3390/galaxies10010024.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Dainotti, M. G.; De Simone, B.; Garg, A.; Kohri, K.; Bashyal, A.; Aich, A.; Mondal, A.; Nagataki, S.; Montani, G.; Jareen, T.; Jabir, V. M.; Khanjani, S.; Bogdan, M.; Fraija, N.; Pedreira, A. C. C.; Dejrah, R. H.; Singh, A.; Parakh, M.; Mandal, R.; Jarial, K.; Lambiase, G.; Sarkar, H. (2025). "A New Master Supernovae Ia sample and the investigation of the Hubble tension". Journal of High Energy Astrophysics. 48. arXiv:2501.11772. Bibcode:2025JHEAp..4800405D. doi:10.1016/j.jheap.2025.100405. Unknown parameter |article-number= ignored (help)
  14. ↑ Dainotti, M.; De Simone, B.; Montani, G.; Schiavone, T.; Lambiase, G. (2023). "The Hubble constant tension: current status and future perspectives through new cosmological probes". Proceedings of Science. 436: 235. doi:10.22323/1.436.0235.
  15. ↑ Dainotti, Maria Giovanna; Banerjee, Avik; LeClair, André; Montani, Giovanni (2026). "Parameterizations of the Hubble Constant: Logarithmic vs Power-Law Expansion from the Binned Master Sample of SNe Ia". arXiv preprint. arXiv:2603.00497.
  16. ↑ Montani, G.; Carlevaro, N.; Dainotti, M. G. (2024). "Slow-rolling scalar dynamics as solution for the Hubble tension". Physics of the Dark Universe. 44. arXiv:2311.04822. Bibcode:2024PDU....4401486M. doi:10.1016/j.dark.2024.101486. Unknown parameter |article-number= ignored (help)
  17. ↑ Montani, G.; De Angelis, M.; Dainotti, M. G. (2025). "Decay of dark energy into dark matter in a metric f(R) gravity: Effective running Hubble constant". Physics of the Dark Universe. 49. arXiv:2506.13288. doi:10.1016/j.dark.2025.101969. Unknown parameter |article-number= ignored (help)
  18. ↑ Montani, G.; Fazzari, E.; Carlevaro, N.; Dainotti, M. G. (2025). "Two Dynamical Scenarios for Binned Master Sample Interpretation". Entropy. 27 (9): 895. arXiv:2507.14048. Bibcode:2025Entrp..27..895M. doi:10.3390/e27090895. PMC 12469079 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 41008021 Check |pmid= value (help).
  19. ↑ Dainotti, M. G.; Bargiacchi, G.; Bogdan, M.; Lenart, A. Ł.; Iwasaki, K.; Capozziello, S.; Zhang, B.; Fraija, N. (2023). "Reducing the Uncertainty on the Hubble Constant up to 35% with an Improved Statistical Analysis". The Astrophysical Journal. 951: 63. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/acd63f.
  20. ↑ Dainotti, M. G.; Lenart, A. Ł.; Chraya, A.; Sarracino, G.; Nagataki, S.; Fraija, N.; Capozziello, S.; Bogdan, M. (2023). "The gamma-ray bursts fundamental plane correlation as a cosmological tool". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 518 (2): 2201–2240. doi:10.1093/mnras/stac2752.
  21. ↑ Dainotti, M. G.; Sarracino, G.; Capozziello, S. (2022). "Gamma-ray bursts, supernovae Ia, and baryon acoustic oscillations: A binned cosmological analysis". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 74 (5): 1095–1113. doi:10.1093/pasj/psac057.
  22. ↑ Cao, S.; Dainotti, M. G.; Ratra, B. (2022). "Gamma-ray burst data strongly favour the three-parameter fundamental plane (Dainotti) correlation over the two-parameter one". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 516 (1): 1386–1405. doi:10.1093/mnras/stac2170. PMC 9450950 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 36092136 Check |pmid= value (help).
  23. ↑ Cao, S.; Dainotti, M. G.; Ratra, B. (2022). "Standardizing Platinum Dainotti-correlated gamma-ray bursts, and using them with standardized Amati-correlated gamma-ray bursts to constrain cosmological model parameters". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 512 (1): 439–454. doi:10.1093/mnras/stac517. PMC 8923699 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 35308092 Check |pmid= value (help).


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