Milan Jovanovic Batut
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Milan Jovanović Batut (Serbian Cyrillic: Милан Јовановић Батут; Sremska Mitrovica, 10 October 1847 – Belgrade, 11 September 1940) was a Serbian doctor, university professor, founder Faculty of Medicine in Belgrade.
Biography[edit]
He was born in Sremska Mitrovica before Hungarian Revolution of 1848 in the fall of 1847. His father was Kosta Jovanović, a merchant of colonial goods. The mother was from Nović clan, related to the poet Joksim Nović-Otočanin. His paternal grandfather, a Serb originally "from somewhere in Sofia", took part in the fighting during the First Serbian Uprising. He died famously in the battle against the Turks on Misar in 1806. The widow of grandmother "Starka Andja" then transferred the family to Srem, so that they could settle down in Mitrovica. Until 1848, the family was wealthy, but with time they became impoverished after helping the Serbian movement unsparingly. Father Kosta, a successful enterprising merchant (who arrived in Hamburg and left a diary of it on the way) was killed in an accident by a rabid bull.[1]
Milan attended elementary school in Mitrovica and finished two grades of high school. As a high school student, he showed a talent for drawing. He continued his high school in Pančevo and after a year he moved to Karlovac as a "benefactor". After the seventh grade of the high school in Karlovci, he went to Osijek in 1865, where he graduated with great success. A family friend Svetozar Miletić, who recognized Jovanović's potential early on, offered him a scholarship to help him, and only if he was studying law. However, the young man turned his attention to medicine, and he began his medical studies in Vienna, thanks to the material help of ten citizens of Mitrovica, who gave him two forints a month to support him during the first year. As he could not continue his studies the following semester, he was forced to go to Novi Sad, where he taught for three years in real estate, collecting money. With enough money, he returned to the Austrian capital, where he graduated in medicine from the University of Vienna in 1878. During his studies in Vienna, he was taught by professors who were famous names in Viennese and European medicine.[1]
Trampoline[edit]
When Milan Jovanović returned from professional training in European capitals in 1885, he took the nickname "Trampoline". The reason was that in addition to him in the Serbian public, there were two other Milan Jovanović characters in the same social role, doctors. The three of them met and took nicknames to differentiate them. Dr. Jovanović, a native of the Banat village Jarkovac called himself Morski (as a ship's doctor) or Bombajac (as in Bombay, India), the other took the middle letter A (after his father's name), and the third, Sremac, after the surname of his father's former trading companion -"Trampoline"'.[2]
Medical-educational giant[edit]
Already at the very beginning of the medical practice in Sombor, his inclinations towards the written word and health-educational work came to the fore. In 1880, he started a paper for medical instruction to the people entitle Zdravlje (Health). It was the first paper addressing modern hygienic and educational content in the Balkans. In the period from 1880 to 1882, at the invitation of the Montenegrin government, he was the head of the Sanitary Department of the local Ministry of the Interior and the chief physician of the Cetinje Hospital. Through the efforts of Dr. Vladan Đorđević, he came to Serbia, where he received a state scholarship for training abroad. For several years he worked at the leading medical institutions in Europe at the time, in Munich, Berlin, Paris and London. He spent the last months of his time in Europe in Paris, where he met the famous Louis Pasteur. In particular, he studied the problems of hygiene and bacteriology. After specialization, he was invited to establish the Department of Bacteriology at Charles University in Prague. However, he refused this flattering offer and accepted the position of full professor at the Department of Hygiene and Forensic Medicine at the Grande école in Belgrade. He taught students for many years and built a great reputation as a scientist and professor. A special recognition for his work was the election for rector of the Grande école. Charles University promoted him to honorary doctor in 1938.[3]
One of the greatest merits of Professor Batut was the founding of the Faculty of Medicine in Belgrade. Although he did not have enough support from his fellow doctors, Professor Jovanović was persistent in his ideas and after decades of struggle, the Faculty of Medicine was founded in 1919, and Milan Jovanović Batut became the first dean and professor of hygiene at the newly established faculty at the now University of Belgrade.
In addition to teaching and scientific activities, Professor Batut was a very active social worker. Among other things, he was the president of the Serbian Medical Association, the Yugoslav Medical Association, the Association for the Protection of Public Health, a longtime member and the president of the Main Medical Council. On his initiative, the Ministry of Public Health was established after the First World War. He was also one of the founders of the Serbian Literary Association. He collaborated with Matica Srpska, Serbian Literary Herald and was one of the first and most prominent associates of Politika. One writer noticed about Batut's writing: he wrote in "Vuk's language" and "Dositej's way". He had a great ability to popularize and present the most complicated scientific truths.
The health education of the people was the most important life work of Dr. Milan Jovanović Batut. That idea ran through his entire working life. He has published several hundred articles, dozens of brochures and books. In his works, he emphasized the importance of family values, which are the main reason for national ruin or rebirth. According to Batut, the family is the foundation of the strength and spirit of the people, the crossroads of all paths and the primary source of good and evil in human society.
According to the biographer Ozren Nedeljković (1940): "Trampoline is our most important worker in the hygienic education of the people." As a good connoisseur of people's life, he was able to adjust his work and his writing according to the real state of enlightenment of the people. He studied the needs, feelings and language of our people. That is why his writings – full of lessons and written in the purest vernacular – have penetrated so deeply into the people."
Professor Milan Jovanović Batut has left an indelible mark in the history of the Serbian people with his decades-long scientific and social work. His decorations represent the oldest and historically very important group within the Collection of Decorations of the SANU Archives.
He died in Belgrade on 11 September 1940.
Legacy[edit]
Batutova Ulica(Batut Street) in Belgrade is named after him.
Awards[edit]
- Order of Saint Sava, I degree, Kingdom of Serbia[4]
- Order of Saint Sava, II degree[5]
- Order of Saint Sava, III degree "[5]
- National Order of the Legion of Honor, IV degree, France[4]
- Order of the White Lion, III degree, Czechoslovakia[4]
- Order of Prince Danilo I, III degree[5]
- Order of the White Eagle, III degree[5]
- Order of the White Eagle, IV degree[5]
- Order of the White Eagle, V degree[5]
- Order of the Serbian Red Cross Society[5]
- Order of the Yugoslav Crown, II degree[5]
- Cross of Mercy (Kingdom of Serbia)[5]
- Silver medal of the Serbian Red Cross[5]
- Monument to the 40th anniversary of the St. Andrew's Assembly[5]
- Monument to the war of 1912. "Consecrated Kosovo"[5]
- Memorial to the war of 1913.[5]
Honorary doctorates[edit]
References[edit]
- Strictly translated and adapted from Serbian Wikipedia: https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%88%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%9B_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Glasnik Istorijskog drustva u Novi Sadu", Novi Sad 1940.
- ↑ "Glasnik Istorijskog drustva u Novi Sadu", Novi Sad February 1940.
- ↑ "Vreme", June 18, 1938
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 "Dr Batut vratio dug dug prema narodu". Politika Online. Retrieved 25 May 2021.
- ↑ 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 5.12 "Zbirka odlikovanja SANU archive". sanu.digitalcube.rs. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
- ↑ "Politics", June 18, 1938
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