Muwahhid Muslim
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A Muwahhid, Muwahhid Muslim, or Unitarian Muslim is a Muslim who emphasizes the concept of tawhid. While many movements have used this term "muwahhid", this page focuses on the conglomeration of non-political and primarily theological Muslim revivalist movements that grew in various intermittent periods, including the early 19th century.
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Lexicology
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The transliteration of the term "Muwahhid" takes various forms, including Muwahid, Mowahhid. In the plural, they may be described as Muwahhidun, Muwahhideen, or simply Muwahhids. Some female Muwahhid Muslims refer to themselves as Muwahhidah. The closest English translation of Muwahhid is "Unitarian Muslim", and some Muwahhids who anglicize their affiliation refer to themselves as such.[1] Although the various spellings might include misspellings, plural variations, classical pronunciation, adverbial forms, unusual spellings, or instances of multiple linguistic transcriptions.[2] Less common plural spellings include muwahidin, mowahidoon, mowahhidiin. Furthermore, this term is frequently used by Druses and Wahhabis to define their tawhid aqidah.[3][4][5]
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Appropriation
However, these terms should not be confused with other groups, as many have appropriated the term Muwahhid. These include the Druze and the Berber sect that culminated in the Almohad Dynasty, both of whom refer to themselves as such, along with synonyms such as Ahl al-Tawḥīd (Arabic: أهل التوحيد), which translates as "The People of Unity" or "The Unitarians", from tawḥid, unity (of God). The Mu'tazili also used the term, along with near synonyms such as Ahl al-ʿAdl wa t-Tawḥīd, meaning "The People of Justice and Monotheism".[6]
Unitarian Muslim tenets
Based on the distinctions in this article, there is considerable overlap between Muwahhid Muslims and the broader Muslim body of beliefs, which also place tawhid as central to their understanding of the relationship between God and creation.[7] Consequently, the terms can be used interchangeably, and it is insufficient to identify a specific sect from the broader Muslim community without context.[8] Proponents of the Muwahhid school sometimes claim their emphasis stems from the Quran, arguing that it similarly stresses tawhid, therefore Muslims should obey Allah and act accordingly.[9] Muwahhids traditionally used religious discourse to discourage what they considered idolatrous attributions to God.[10] This sometimes included arguments against the addition of consubstantial beings to their conception of God and the haramness of giving animalistic features to God.[11] Furthermore, their arguments against excessive emphasis on intermediaries between humanity and God stemmed from a concern that zealous mosque-goers might exploit or manipulate less religiously grounded individuals.[12]
Since Muwahhids often predominate in Sunni centers of worship, some questioned hadith-derived sunnah with little Quranic support and the tendency for masjid-goers to give undue weight to non-tafsir interpretations without Quranic basis.[13] While all Muslims share tawhid as a core tenet, Muwahhids distinguish themselves by elevating tawhid to a primary and encompassing principle of their faith, and by tending towards proactive responses to perceived deviations in this regard.[14] Muwahhidism lacks a clearly defined ideology and has primarily functioned as a label or designation for various Muslims. A common characteristic, however, is the belief that Allah holds supreme authority in matters of fiqh, a sentiment sometimes accompanied by a desire to eliminate excessive human interpretation from scripture and ideology.[15]
Notable Muwahhidists
See also
References
- ↑ A History of the Crusades: 466, Kenneth Meyer Setton - 1969
- ↑ The World of Ibn Ṭufayl: Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Ḥayy Ibn Yaqẓān, page 135, Lawrence I. Conrad - 1996
- ↑ Wiktorowicz, Quintan. "Anatomy of the Salafi Movement" in Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, Vol. 29 (2006): p. 235, footnote.
- ↑ Mahdi, Wael (March 18, 2010). "There is no such thing as Wahabism, Saudi prince says". The National. Abu Dhabi Media. Retrieved 12 June 2014.
- ↑ Commins, David (2009). The Wahhabi Mission and Saudi Arabia. I.B.Tauris. p. ix.
Thus, the mission's devotees contend that "Wahhabism" is a misnomer for their efforts to revive correct Islamic belief and practice. Instead of the Wahhabi label, they prefer either Salafi, one who follows the ways of the first Muslim ancestors (salaf), or muwahhid, one who professes God's unity.}
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- ↑ Historical Dictionary of the Crusades - Page 163, Corliss Konwiser Slack - 2003
- ↑ Tawhid
- ↑ 2010 M izady Mideast religion statistics
- ↑ Islam: a challenge for Christianity - Volume 3 - Page 65,Hans Küng, Jürgen Moltmann - 1994
- ↑ Journal, Muslim World League - Volume 7 - Page 47, 1979
- ↑ Prophet Jesus (Pbuh): A Prophet Not A Son, Of God - Page 23, 1999 Harun Yahya
- ↑ Islamic Studies - Volume 33, Issues 1-3 - Page 8, 1994
- ↑ Islam in the World - Page 459, Malise Ruthven - 2006
- ↑ A Quietist Jihadi: The Ideology and Influence of Abu Muhammad Al-Maqdisi, p 141, Joas Wagemakers 2012
- ↑ Islam and the Destiny of Man - Page 88, Gai Eaton - 1985
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