National Museum of the Republic of Bashkortostan
 | This article contains a translation of [/Ru:_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD Национальный музей Республики Башкортостан ] from [/Ru: ru.wikipedia]. 13.12.2019 |
Башҡортостан Республикаһының Милли музейы | |
 Gate to the museum | |
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| Established | 24 April 1864 |
|---|---|
| Location | Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan |
| Coordinates | 54°43′13″N 55°56′49″E / 54.72028°N 55.94694°ECoordinates: 54°43′13″N 55°56′49″E / 54.72028°N 55.94694°E ⧼validator-fatal-error⧽ |
| Type | indoor museum |
| Collection size | total 190 000 units storage of the main fund, 51 000 units of storage of the scientific and auxiliary fund |
| Website | museumrb |
National Museum of the Republic of Bashkortostan — the state budgetary institution of culture and art. It is the largest museum in Bashkortostan and one of the oldest museums in Russia.[1] It was created in 1864 as the Ufa Provincial Museum. Since 1984 — the Bashkir State United Museum, since 1993 it has a modern name.
History[edit]
The Museum was founded on April 23 1864 under Provincial Statistical Committee of the Orenburg province, the initiators were Commitee members K. A. Bukh, N. A. Gurvich, A. A. Pekker, V. I. Vlasov and Governor G. S. Aksakov.[2] Since December 1989, the museum has been located in the building of the former Peasant Land Bank [3].
The building of the former Peasant Land Bank (Ufa Provincial Branch) (1912, architect A.V. Drucker) is an architectural monument.
Since 1919 Since 1919, the museum has changed its name many times, since 1984- it is callled the Bashkir State United Museum, since 1993- the modern title.
The first collections consisted of local products, numismatic, entomological, botanical, zoological and historical archaeological exhibits . After the first ethnographic expedition to Turkestan (1920) the museum was replenished with new exhibits. In 1926 the museum consisted of following departments: geological, zoological, historical archeological, oriental and ethnographic, which included subdivisions dedicated to the culture of the Tatar, Russian, Chuvash peoples.
In 1937, departments appeared devoted to nature and the history of the settling of the region.
In the early 1930s, the museum staff initiated the organization of thematic exhibitions (in 1933—1934, in 1938—1939). The exhibits were also exhibited in the parks of culture and recreation, the main attention was paid to the display of historical and revolutionary subjects, the successes of socialist construction were propagandized.[4] During the Second World War in 1941—1945, the exposition was mothballed, the collections were placed in unsuitable rooms, as a result more than half of the exhibits were lost. In 1947, the museum was reopened to visitors.
In the 1950-60s, the museum exposition was completely rebuilt; Since the late 1970s, the National Museum has become the center of museum activity in Bashkortostan.
In 2001-2003, the museum was renovated. The National Museum of the Republic of Bashkortostan is the leading museum located in the city of Ufa. As part of the National Museum of the Republic of Bashkortostan, 10 state museums function as branches, 6 of which are located in cities and 3 in villages.
10 branches of the museum: Abzelilovsky Museum, Sergey Aksakov Museum, Validi A.Z. Museum, Dyurtyulinsky Museum, Octyabrskiy Museum, Salawat Yulayev Museum, Temyasovsky Museum, Tuymazinsky Museum, Uchalinsky Museum, Khudayberdin Sh.A. house museum.
Archeology (the era of the Bronze and Stone), history (15-21 centuries), ethnography of the Bashkir and other peoples of the republic (Udmurts, Mordovians, Mari, Ukrainians, Chuvashs, etc.) exhibits located in In 35 exhibition halls . The halls dedicated to the nature of Bashkiria imitate various biological environments: «Amphibians, reptiles and fish», «Caves of Bashkortostan», «Stone Age», and a small exposition introduces one of the living symbols of the region — the Burzyan bee.
There are four departments in the museum.[5]
- Archeology
- Ethnography
- Natural history
- History of the region
The history department is the largest of all museum departments.It is divided into ten historical segments. The first is Bashkortostan from the XV—XVII centuries, in the hall there is a mannequin dressed as a Bashkir of that time. There are examples of settlements. As well as mausoleums, for example, Turakhan and Husseinbek. In a separate prominent place is the layout of the original settlement of Ufa.
The second is an uprising led by Yemelyan Pugachev (1773—1775). On the territory of Bashkortostan, some of the most significant events of this riot took place. The museum has an exposition depicting the battle between the rebels and government forces. . Other halls: Bashkortostan of the first half of the 19th century, at the end of the 19th to the beginning of the 20th centuries, Revolution and civil war,1920-30s, years of World War II ,1950-60s, 1970-80s, Bashkortostan today .
Museum funds[edit]
The museum fund has 190 thousand storage units of the main fund, 51 thousand storage units of the scientific and auxiliary fund (2018).
- The archaeological collection includes: a mirror from the Sarah burial ground, gold lining in the form of deer from the Gumarovsky burial ground, finds of the Bakhmutinsky burial ground, Novoturbaslinsky burial mounds, Kara Yakupovsky settlement (near Ufa);
- ethnographic — female and male national clothes, jewelry of traditional Bashkir and other peoples of Bashkortostan, wooden utensils, hunting equipment, interior items;
- A collection of natural history — the Red Key meteorite, the Ural jasper, bones of mammals and others.
A significant part of the fund is made up of rare books, photos and documentary materials, including G.V. Vakhrushev and the poet, ethnographer, translator M.I. Umetbaev. The collection of paintings presents the works of artists David Burliuk, K.S. Devletkildeev, B.F. Domashnikov, R.M. Nurmukhametov and other artists of Bashkortostan. In 1915-1918, the futurist artist David Burliuk lived and worked in Bashkortostan. Some of his paintings are in the Bashkir Nesterov Art Museum, and the painting “Boy and Girl” is in the National Museum of the Republic of Bashkortostan.
One of the museum’s assets is the numismatic collection, which has been seriously expanded and supplemented since the foundation of the museum. Now it has more than 16 thousand copies. Pearls are coins, «scales», dating back to the reign of Ivan III (15th century). In addition to them, the museum has an extensive collection of gold and silver coins of Russia from the 16th-20th centuries, and there is also a collection of coins from Europe, Asia, Africa and America.
The museum exhibits a collection of edged weapons and firearms from different countries of the 17-20 centuries. Unique are the annals of the Trinity Church. The saber exhibited in the museum and belonging to the legendary Bashkir national hero Salawat Yulayev (discovered in 1910—1911 in the village of Kurmantau by archaeologist S. R. Mintslov) is considered to be a matter of pride. The museum has 34 expositions and exhibition halls (2013). The National Museum publishes collections of local history and methodological literature, materials of scientific and practical conferences, guides, brochures, booklets, reference books, newsletters, posters, etc.
The museum holds conferences, environmental holidays, book presentations, thematic seminars and lectures, conventions of local historians.
Gallery[edit]
Literature[edit]
- Bashkir encyclopedia. Ch. ed. M.A. Ilgamov. — Ufa: Bashkir Encyclopedia. 4. L-O. 2008 .-- 672 p. — ISBN 978-5-88185-068-5 Search this book on
. - Yakupova M. «… That in my cruel age I glorified freedom» // Vatandash. 2007. No7.
External Links[edit]
Notes[edit]
References[edit]
- ↑ "One of the oldest museums in Russia is in Ufa" (in русский). ufa-gid.com. Archived from the original on 2018-02-06. Retrieved 2018-02-06. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ The National Museum of RB
- ↑ Башкирская энциклопедия.Национальный музей РБ
- ↑ The National Museum
- ↑ Photos
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