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Noel T. Brewer

From EverybodyWiki Bios & Wiki



Noel T. Brewer is an American behavioral scientist. His research focuses on vaccination, tobacco control, and medical screening.[1] Since 2021, Brewer has served as the Gillings Distinguished Professor in Public Health at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC).[2] He is also a member of the UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center.[3]

Personal life and education

Brewer was born in Santa Clara, California, and grew up in the Bay Area. He received a BA in economics from the University of California, Santa Cruz. Brewer received an MS and PhD in health and social psychology from Rutgers University,[4] under the mentorship of Gretchen Chapman and Neil Weinstein. He married his husband in 2003, with whom he has two children.

Career

Brewer has advised three presidents on vaccination. He advised the President's Cancer Panel on HPV vaccination under Presidents Obama in 2012-13 and Trump in 2018.[5] Brewer also advised the Biden Cancer Initiative on HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening.[citation needed]

He has addressed the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine on four occasions.[6]

Brewer was the inaugural chair of the National HPV Vaccination Roundtable, serving from 2014 to 2020. He continues to serve on the Roundtable's steering committee.[citation needed]

Since 2019, Brewer has helped lead the World Health Organization's Working Group on Behavioral and Social Drivers of Vaccination.[7] He was also a member of the Lancet's Commission on Vaccine Acceptance[8] and National Vaccine Advisory Committee's Vaccine Confidence Working Group.

From 2024-2025, Brewer was a voting member of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP).[9] In June of 2025, he was one of the 17 ACIP members fired by the Secretary of Health and Human Services.[citation needed]

Since 2026, Brewer has chaired the United States of America National Verification Committee for the Elimination of Measles, Rubella, and Congenital Rubella Syndrome.[10] He was a member of the committee from 2021 to 2025.

Research

Vaccination

Brewer developed the Announcement Approach Training (AAT) with Dr. Melissa Gilkey.[11][12] The National Cancer Institute has designated the AAT as an Evidence-Based Cancer Control Program.[13]

Building on his work with presumptive communication, Brewer developed the Increasing Vaccination Model,[14] which formed the basis for the World Health Organization's framework on the behavioral and social drivers of vaccination.[15]

Tobacco control

Brewer's tobacco research includes a series of reviews showing the need for stronger causal evidence on the effect of pictorial cigarette pack warnings.[16][17] He conducted a trial that found pictorial cigarette pack warnings increase quitting, with results informing a lawsuit by the American Academy of Pediatrics and several other health organizations. The lawsuit resulted in the US agreeing to implement these warnings.[18]

Brewer led the development of the Tobacco Warnings Model, identifying the processes through which warnings change behavior.[19] His research showed that tobacco warnings boosted attention, negative affect, and social interactions about quitting. The model has guided federally funded studies of warnings for vaping.[20]

With Sabeeh Baig, Brewer developed a brief, 3-item scale to assess the public's perceived effectiveness of tobacco warnings and messages. The scale is widely used, including by  FDA, to evaluate their national campaigns.[21][not in citation given]

Perceived risk

With Dr. Neil Weinstein, Brewer developed the risk reappraisal hypothesis, which states that when people take actions thought to be effective, it lowers their risk perceptions.[22] The hypothesis explains why risk perception can be positively or negatively associated with health behavior, depending on the study. An application of the risk reappraisal hypothesis is the idea that protective behavior could lead to more risk taking, an assertion he showed to be poorly supported for vaccination.[23]

He also established recommendations for measuring perceived risk that are now a standard in the field. Risk perception items should specify who is at risk, for what hazard, over what time period, and that the respondent should estimate their risk assuming they have not yet done the focal protective behavior[22]. Brewer co-edited the FDA's book on risk and benefit communication.[24]

Awards and honors

In 2011, he received the Hettleman Prize, given to outstanding junior faculty at the University of North Carolina.[25] From 2017-2018 and 2020-2025, Brewer was one of the most highly-cited researchers according to Clarivate, an honor given to those cited in the top 1% of their field, globally.[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] He was elected Fellow of the American Psychological Society in 2019. Brewer received the American Cancer Society's Volunteer Leadership Award in 2026.

Selected works and publications

  • Brewer, N. T., Hall, M. E., Malo, T. L., Gilkey, M. B., Quinn, B., & Lathren, C. (2017). Announcements versus conversations to improve HPV vaccination coverage: A randomized trial. Pediatrics, 139(1), e20161764.
  • Brewer, N. T., Chapman, G. B., Rothman, A. J., Leask, J., & Kempe, A. (2017). Increasing vaccination: Putting psychological science into action. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 18(3), 149-207.
  • Brewer NT, Hall MG, Noar SM, Parada H, Stein-Seroussi A, Bach LE, Hanley S, Ribisl KM. Effect of pictorial cigarette pack warnings on changes in smoking behavior: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA Internal Medicine. 2016 Jul 1;176(7):905-12. 322 citations.
  • Chu, H. Y., Brewer, N. T., Asturias, E. J., Brooks, O., Cineas, S., Jamieson, D. J., ... & Chen, L. H. (2025). The path forward for vaccine policy in the United States. New England Journal of Medicine, 393(8), 817-822.

References

  1. ↑ "Evidence-Based Cancer Control Programs (EBCCP) | NCI". ebccp.cancercontrol.cancer.gov. Retrieved 2026-04-06.
  2. ↑ "Brewer named Distinguished Professor in Public Health at UNC Gillings School". UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health. Retrieved 2026-04-06.
  3. ↑ "Noel T. Brewer". UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center. Retrieved 2026-04-06.
  4. ↑ "Noel Brewer, PhD". UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health. Retrieved 2026-04-06.
  5. ↑ "HPV Vaccination for Cancer Prevention: Progress, Opportunities, and a Renewed Call to Action Report - President's Cancer Panel". prescancerpanel.cancer.gov. 2018-11-01. Retrieved 2026-04-06.
  6. ↑ Read. Search this book on
  7. ↑ "Noel Brewer, PhD". UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health. Retrieved 2026-04-06.
  8. ↑ "Brewer named to The Lancet's commission on vaccine refusal, acceptance and demand". UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health. Retrieved 2026-04-06.
  9. ↑ "ACIP Committee Members March 1, 2024 – June 30, 2024 | CDC". archive.cdc.gov. 2024-07-18. Retrieved 2026-04-06.
  10. ↑ Rosenbluth, Teddy; Mandavilli, Apoorva (2026-01-19). "One Year After Texas Measles Outbreak Began, Experts Consider Another Grim Milestone". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2026-04-06.
  11. ↑ ckalnen (2022-03-01). "Public health leads researcher to communication advances". UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center. Retrieved 2026-04-06.
  12. ↑ Brewer, Noel T.; Hall, Megan E.; Malo, Teri L.; Gilkey, Melissa B.; Quinn, Beth; Lathren, Christine (2017-01). "Announcements Versus Conversations to Improve HPV Vaccination Coverage: A Randomized Trial". Pediatrics. 139 (1): e20161764. doi:10.1542/peds.2016-1764. ISSN 1098-4275. PMC 5192091. PMID 27940512. Check date values in: |date= (help)
  13. ↑ "Evidence-Based Cancer Control Programs (EBCCP) | NCI". ebccp.cancercontrol.cancer.gov. Retrieved 2026-04-06.
  14. ↑ Brewer, Noel T.; Chapman, Gretchen B.; Rothman, Alexander J.; Leask, Julie; Kempe, Allison (2017-12). "Increasing Vaccination: Putting Psychological Science Into Action". Psychological Science in the Public Interest: A Journal of the American Psychological Society. 18 (3): 149–207. doi:10.1177/1529100618760521. ISSN 2160-0031. PMID 29611455. Check date values in: |date= (help)
  15. ↑ "Behavioural and social drivers of vaccination: tools and practical guidance for achieving high uptake". www.who.int. Retrieved 2026-04-06.
  16. ↑ Noar, Seth M.; Francis, Diane B.; Bridges, Christy; Sontag, Jennah M.; Ribisl, Kurt M.; Brewer, Noel T. (2016-09). "The impact of strengthening cigarette pack warnings: Systematic review of longitudinal observational studies". Social Science & Medicine (1982). 164: 118–129. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.06.011. ISSN 1873-5347. PMC 5026824. PMID 27423739. Check date values in: |date= (help)
  17. ↑ Noar, Seth M.; Hall, Marissa G.; Francis, Diane B.; Ribisl, Kurt M.; Pepper, Jessica K.; Brewer, Noel T. (2016-05). "Pictorial cigarette pack warnings: a meta-analysis of experimental studies". Tobacco Control. 25 (3): 341–354. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2014-051978. ISSN 1468-3318. PMC 4636492. PMID 25948713. Check date values in: |date= (help)
  18. ↑ Products, Center for Tobacco (2025-09-09). "Cigarette Labeling and Health Warning Requirements". FDA.
  19. ↑ Brewer, Noel T.; Parada, Humberto; Hall, Marissa G.; Boynton, Marcella H.; Noar, Seth M.; Ribisl, Kurt M. (2019-03-01). "Understanding Why Pictorial Cigarette Pack Warnings Increase Quit Attempts". Annals of Behavioral Medicine: A Publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine. 53 (3): 232–243. doi:10.1093/abm/kay032. ISSN 1532-4796. PMC 6265120. PMID 29850764.
  20. ↑ Noar, Seth M.; Gottfredson, Nisha C.; Kieu, Talia; Rohde, Jacob A.; Hall, Marissa G.; Ma, Haijing; Fendinger, Nicholas J.; Brewer, Noel T. (2022-10-03). "Impact of Vaping Prevention Advertisements on US Adolescents: A Randomized Clinical Trial". JAMA network open. 5 (10): e2236370. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.36370. ISSN 2574-3805. PMC 9561946 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 36227597 Check |pmid= value (help).
  21. ↑ Peterson, Emily B.; Eggers, Matthew E.; Sanders, Emily C.; Zarndt, Anh Nguyen; McDonald, Emily; Zhao, Xiaoquan; Nonnemaker, James M.; Swires, Nicole B.; Moakley, Margaret G. (2025-09-10). "Message Evaluation Equivalence in Pre Versus Postproduction Tobacco Education Ads". American Journal of Preventive Medicine. 69 (6): 108044. doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2025.108044. ISSN 1873-2607. PMC 12435918 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 40934634 Check |pmid= value (help).
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 Brewer, Noel T.; Weinstein, Neil D.; Cuite, Cara L.; Herrington, James E. (2004-04). "Risk perceptions and their relation to risk behavior". Annals of Behavioral Medicine: A Publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine. 27 (2): 125–130. doi:10.1207/s15324796abm2702_7. ISSN 0883-6612. PMID 15026296. Check date values in: |date= (help)
  23. ↑ Brewer, Noel T.; Cuite, Cara L.; Herrington, James E.; Weinstein, Neil D. (2007-08). "Risk compensation and vaccination: can getting vaccinated cause people to engage in risky behaviors?". Annals of Behavioral Medicine: A Publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine. 34 (1): 95–99. doi:10.1007/BF02879925. ISSN 0883-6612. PMID 17688401. Check date values in: |date= (help)
  24. ↑ Commissioner, Office of the (2026-01-06). "Communicating Risks and Benefits: An Evidence-Based User's Guide". FDA.
  25. ↑ Starback, Peter (2011-09-14). "Two UNC Lineberger faculty receive 2011 Hettleman Awards". UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center. Retrieved 2026-04-06.
  26. ↑ Schaller, Bill (2018-01-22). "UNC Lineberger researchers honored for highly cited scientific publications". UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center. Retrieved 2026-04-06.
  27. ↑ "Clarivate Analytics' new list of highly cited researchers includes eight from Gillings School". UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health. Retrieved 2026-04-06.
  28. ↑ By (2020-11-18). "UNC School of Medicine Researchers Recognized in Global Highly Cited Researchers List". Newsroom. Retrieved 2026-04-06.
  29. ↑ ckalnen (2021-12-10). "UNC Lineberger faculty recognized as being among the world's most influential researchers". UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center. Retrieved 2026-04-06.
  30. ↑ "Gillings School experts named to Clarivate's 2022 Highly Cited Researchers List". UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health. Retrieved 2026-04-06.
  31. ↑ "15 Gillings School experts named to Clarivate's 2023 Highly Cited Researchers List". UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health. Retrieved 2026-04-06.
  32. ↑ ckalnen (2024-11-26). "UNC Lineberger members recognized for highly cited research". UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center. Retrieved 2026-04-06.
  33. ↑ "11 Gillings School experts named to Clarivate's 2025 Highly Cited Researchers List". UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health. Retrieved 2026-04-06.


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