Or Hen
| Or Hen | |
|---|---|
| Born | Israel |
| 🎓 Alma mater | Tel-Aviv University Hebrew University |
| 💼 Occupation | |
| Known for | EMC Effect Short-Range Correlations |
| 🏅 Awards | APS Fellow Alfred P. Sloan Fellow APS Stuart J. Freedman Award IUPAP Young Scientist Prize in Nuclear Physics Guido Altarelli award Amar G. Bose Fellow |
| 🌐 Website | Hen Lab |
Or Hen is an Israeli-born particle physicist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). He works on studies of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) effects in the nuclear medium using measurements of high-energy scattering processes.
Early life and education
Hen was born in Jerusalem, Israel, growing up in a family of poultry farmers in moshav Even Sapir. As a child he struggled with severe learning disabilities, being diagnosed in kindergarten with a neurological disorder called dysgraphia [1]. Hen started attending Hebrew University while attending high school, as part of the Lehava program, which makes academia more accessible to first-generation high school students by allowing them to experience taking college-level classes while still in high school. Through the Lehava program, Hen developed an interest in STEM and quickly gravitated towards physics.
After completing high school, Hen attended Hebrew University as a full-time student, completing a double major bachelor's degree in physics and computer engineering in 2009. He then joined the Israeli Army, where he served as a senior academic officer for about seven years, performing experimental physics research. In parallel to his army service, Hen joined the research group of Eli Piasetzky at Tel-Aviv University, obtaining a graduate degree in physics in 2015.
Research and career
Hen moved to the US in late 2015 to join the Physics Department and Laboratory for Nuclear Science at MIT. He was an MIT Pappalardo Fellow[2] in physics from 2015 to 2017. Hen joined the MIT faculty in July 2017, and was named the Class of 1956 Career Development Assistant Professor of Physics in 2021.
Hen's main research project measured the scattering of high-energy electrons, neutrinos, photons, and protons from atomic nuclei to probe short-range correlations (SRCs)[3]: "Temporal fluctuations of high-density, high-momentum, nucleon clusters in nuclei". Due to their overlapping quark distributions and strong interaction, SRC pairs serve as a bridge between low-energy nuclear structure, high-density nuclear matter, and high-energy quark distributions (the EMC effect); with important consequences for strong-interaction physics, hadronic structure and astrophysics.
By analyzing measurements of hard electron- and proton-induced pair breakup reactions, Hen and collaborators showed that SRC pairs account for almost all high-momentum (k>k_F) nucleons in the nucleus.[4] and mapped the single-particle to correlated pair transition above the nuclear Fermi surface[5]. They further showed that SRCs come predominantly in the form of neutron-proton (np) pairs[6][7] owing to a strong short-ranged Tensor interaction. In neutron-rich nuclei, this np-SRC dominance keeps the fraction of high-momentum neutrons constant, while increasing the proton fraction[8]. This suggest that, in contrast to many textbook images, protons in neutron-rich systems have higher average kinetic energy than neutrons. Examining the finer details of the isospin structure of SRC pairs, Hen and colleagues discovered an increase in the fractional abundance of pp-SRC pairs with increasing pair relative momenta,[9] providing the first direct mapping of the tensor-attraction to scalar-repulsion transition in the NN interaction at very short distances.
Examining the parton structure of nuclei, Hen reported on the first observation of a linear correlation between the abundance of SRC pairs in nuclei and the strength of the EMC effect,[10] leading to the development of a class of SRC models of the EMC effect. By using high-precision measurements of both SRC abundances and of the EMC in heavy neutron-rich nuclei, they further showed that the EMC effect in all nuclei can be explained by a single universal modification function of the structure of nucleons in SRC pairs,[11] extracted this function via a global analysis of world data and used it to predict the free neutron structure function and constrain SU(6) symmetry-breaking mechanisms in QCD.[12]
Most recently Hen has joined the effort to construct a U.S.-based Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Following work on the EIC Yellow-Report[13], Hen co-led the EIC Comprehensive Chromodynamics Experiment (ECCE) consortium of 98 institutions that developed a reference design for the first EIC detector. Following the selection[14] of the ECCE design, Hen co-led the establishment of the wider ePIC collaboration that is working to deliver a complete design and to then construct an EIC detector.
In addition to Hen's work on SRCs, the EMC effect and the development of the EIC, Hen co-founded the Electrons-for-neutrinos collaboration that performs high-precision electron scattering measurements to inform models of lepton-nucleus interactions for precision neutrino-oscillation measurements.[15] Hen's work in this area also includes measurements of neutrino-nucleus interactions[16] and the consistent modeling of neutrino- and electron-nucleus interactions for experimental data analysis[17].
Fellowships and awards
- 2022 American Physical Society Fellow[18]
- 2021 Class of 1956 CD Professorship Chair[19]
- 2020 Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellow Fellow[20]
- 2019 Science APS Stuart J. Freedman Award in Experimental Nuclear Physics.[21]
- 2019 U.S. DOE Office of Science Early Career Scientist and Engineer Award.[22]
- 2019 IUPAP Young Scientist Prize in Nuclear Physics.[23]
- 2018 Guido Altarelli award.[24]
- 2018 Amar G. Bose Fellowship.[25]
- 2016 Fermi Lab Intensity-Frontier fellowship.[26]
- 2016 Jefferson Science Association dissertation prize.[27]
- 2015 Rothschild Fellowship.[28]
- 2015 MIT Pappalardo Fellowship.[2]
- 2015 Israeli Physics Society dissertation.[29]
- 2013 A. Pazi Award of the Israeli Council for Higher Education.
- 2011 Tel-Aviv University Y. Eisenberg Prize for graduate research.
References
- ↑ "Daily Press article: MIT physicist wins thesis prize for doctoral research at Jefferson Lab". 6 September 2016.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "MIT Pappalardo Fellowships in Physics".
- ↑ Hen, Or; Miller, Gerald A.; Piasetzky, Eli; Weinstein, Lawrence B. (2017-11-13). "Nucleon-nucleon correlations, short-lived excitations, and the quarks within". Reviews of Modern Physics. 89 (4): 045002. arXiv:1611.09748. Bibcode:2017RvMP...89d5002H. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.89.045002. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ Korover, I.; Pybus, J. R.; Schmidt, A.; Hauenstein, F.; Duer, M.; Hen, O.; Piasetzky, E.; Weinstein, L. B.; Higinbotham, D. W.; Adhikari, S.; Adhikari, K.; Amaryan, M. J.; Angelini, Giovanni; Atac, H.; Barion, L. (2021-09-10). "12C(e,e'pN) measurements of short range correlations in the tensor-to-scalar interaction transition region". Physics Letters B. 820: 136523. arXiv:2004.07304. Bibcode:2021PhLB..82036523K. doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2021.136523. ISSN 0370-2693. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ Korover, I.; Denniston, A. W.; Kiral, A.; Schmidt, A.; Lovato, A.; Rocco, N.; Nikolakopoulos, A.; Weinstein, L. B.; Piasetzky, E.; Hen, O.; Collaboration, the CLAS (2022-09-03). "First Observation of Large missing-Momentum (e,e'p) Cross-Section Scaling and the onset of Correlated-Pair Dominance in Nuclei". arXiv:2209.01492.
- ↑ Hen, O.; Sargsian, M.; Weinstein, L. B.; Piasetzky, E.; Hakobyan, H.; Higinbotham, D. W.; Braverman, M.; Brooks, W. K.; Gilad, S.; Adhikari, K. P.; Arrington, J.; Asryan, G.; Avakian, H.; Ball, J.; Baltzell, N. A. (2014-10-31). "Momentum sharing in imbalanced Fermi systems". Science. 346 (6209): 614–617. arXiv:1412.0138. Bibcode:2014Sci...346..614H. doi:10.1126/science.1256785. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 25323697. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ CLAS Collaboration; Duer, M.; Schmidt, A.; Pybus, J. R.; Segarra, E. P.; Hrnjic, A.; Denniston, A.; Weiss, R.; Hen, O.; Piasetzky, E.; Weinstein, L. B.; Barnea, N.; Korover, I.; Cohen, E. O.; Hakobyan, H. (2019-05-03). "Direct Observation of Proton-Neutron Short-Range Correlation Dominance in Heavy Nuclei". Physical Review Letters. 122 (17): 172502. arXiv:1810.05343. Bibcode:2019PhRvL.122q2502D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.172502. PMID 31107086. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ Duer, M.; Hen, O.; Piasetzky, E.; Hakobyan, H.; Weinstein, L. B.; Braverman, M.; Cohen, E. O.; Higinbotham, D.; Adhikari, K. P.; Adhikari, S.; Amaryan, M.; Ashkenazi, A.; Avakian, H.; Ball, J.; Balossino, I. (August 2018). "Probing high-momentum protons and neutrons in neutron-rich nuclei". Nature. 560 (7720): 617–621. arXiv:2004.12065. Bibcode:2018Natur.560..617C. doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0400-z. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 30104596. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ Schmidt, A.; Pybus, J. R.; Weiss, R.; Segarra, E. P.; Hrnjic, A.; Denniston, A.; Hen, O.; Piasetzky, E.; Weinstein, L. B.; Barnea, N.; Strikman, M.; Larionov, A.; Higinbotham, D. (February 2020). "Probing the core of the strong nuclear interaction". Nature. 578 (7796): 540–544. arXiv:2004.11221. Bibcode:2020Natur.578..540S. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2021-6. PMID 32103193 Check
|pmid=value (help). Unknown parameter|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ Weinstein, L. B.; Piasetzky, E.; Higinbotham, D. W.; Gomez, J.; Hen, O.; Shneor, R. (2011-02-04). "Short Range Correlations and the EMC Effect". Physical Review Letters. 106 (5): 052301. arXiv:1009.5666. Bibcode:2011PhRvL.106e2301W. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.052301. PMID 21405385. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ Schmookler, B.; Duer, M.; Schmidt, A.; Hen, O.; Gilad, S.; Piasetzky, E.; Strikman, M.; Weinstein, L. B.; Adhikari, K. P.; Amaryan, M.; Ashkenazi, A.; Avakian, H.; Ball, J.; Balossino, I. (February 2019). "Modified structure of protons and neutrons in correlated pairs". Nature. 566 (7744): 354–358. arXiv:2004.12065. Bibcode:2019Natur.566..354C. doi:10.1038/s41586-019-0925-9. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 30787453. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ Segarra, E. P.; Schmidt, A.; Kutz, T.; Higinbotham, D. W.; Piasetzky, E.; Strikman, M.; Weinstein, L. B.; Hen, O. (2020-03-06). "Neutron Valence Structure from Nuclear Deep Inelastic Scattering". Physical Review Letters. 124 (9): 092002. arXiv:1908.02223. Bibcode:2020PhRvL.124i2002S. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.092002. PMID 32202871 Check
|pmid=value (help). Unknown parameter|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ Abdul Khalek, R.; Accardi, A.; Adam, J.; Adamiak, D.; Akers, W.; Albaladejo, M.; Al-bataineh, A.; Alexeev, M. G.; Ameli, F.; Antonioli, P.; Armesto, N.; Armstrong, W. R.; Arratia, M.; Arrington, J.; Asaturyan, A. (2022-10-01). "Science Requirements and Detector Concepts for the Electron-Ion Collider: EIC Yellow Report". Nuclear Physics A. 1026: 122447. arXiv:2103.05419. Bibcode:2022NuPhA102622447A. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2022.122447. ISSN 0375-9474. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ "Final Report: EIC Detector Proposal Advisory Panel" (PDF).
- ↑ Khachatryan, M.; Papadopoulou, A.; Ashkenazi, A.; Hauenstein, F.; Nambrath, A.; Hrnjic, A.; Weinstein, L. B.; Hen, O.; Piasetzky, E.; Betancourt, M.; Dytman, S.; Mahn, K.; Coloma, P. (November 2021). "Electron-beam energy reconstruction for neutrino oscillation measurements". Nature. 599 (7886): 565–570. arXiv:2009.07228. Bibcode:2021Natur.599..565K. doi:10.1038/s41586-021-04046-5. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 34819691 Check
|pmid=value (help). Unknown parameter|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ MicroBooNE Collaboration; Abratenko, P.; Alrashed, M.; An, R.; Anthony, J.; Asaadi, J.; Ashkenazi, A.; Balasubramanian, S.; Baller, B.; Barnes, C.; Barr, G.; Basque, V.; Bathe-Peters, L.; Benevides Rodrigues, O.; Berkman, S. (2020-11-13). "First Measurement of Differential Charged Current Quasielasticlike ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}$-Argon Scattering Cross Sections with the MicroBooNE Detector". Physical Review Letters. 125 (20): 201803. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.201803. PMID 33258649 Check
|pmid=value (help). Unknown parameter|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ e4ν Collaboration; Papadopoulou, A.; Ashkenazi, A.; Gardiner, S.; Betancourt, M.; Dytman, S.; Weinstein, L. B.; Piasetzky, E.; Hauenstein, F.; Khachatryan, M.; Dolan, S.; Megias, G. D.; Hen, O. (2021-06-08). "Inclusive electron scattering and the genie neutrino event generator". Physical Review D. 103 (11): 113003. arXiv:2009.07228. Bibcode:2021PhRvD.103k3003P. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.103.113003. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ "Seven from MIT named American Physical Society Fellows for 2022". MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 19 October 2022. Retrieved 2022-12-26.
- ↑ "School of Science appoints 11 faculty members to named professorships". MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. November 2021. Retrieved 2022-12-26.
- ↑ "Fellows Database | Alfred P. Sloan Foundation". sloan.org. Retrieved 2022-12-26.
- ↑ "2019 Stuart Jay Freedman Award in Experimental Nuclear Physics".
- ↑ "FY 2019 DOE Office of Science Early Career Research Program Awards" (PDF).
- ↑ "IUPAP Young Scientist Prize in Nuclear Physics".
- ↑ "MIT News: Or Hen receives 2018 Guido Altarelli Award". 18 April 2018.
- ↑ "Bose Grants for 2017 reward bold and unconventional research visions". 14 December 2017.
- ↑ "Fermilab Intensity Frontier Fellowship Program".
- ↑ "JEFFERSON LAB 2015 THESIS PRIZE AWARDED FOR RESEARCH ON INTERACTING PROTONS AND NEUTRONS".
- ↑ "Rothschild fellows colloquium 2015 (page 34 - 35)". 8 May 2015.
- ↑ "MIT News: Pappalardo Fellow Or Hen wins Israel Physical Society graduate research prize". 28 December 2015.
This article "Or Hen" is from Wikipedia. The list of its authors can be seen in its historical and/or the page Edithistory:Or Hen. Articles copied from Draft Namespace on Wikipedia could be seen on the Draft Namespace of Wikipedia and not main one.
