Or Hen
.
Response from PhysBoy21: I wrote the text that EverybodyWiki grabbed. They actually took it from a draft page I made here but accidentally deleted so copying it back from there was just my used of a 'backup'. I also revised it quite significantly from the early version they had there. Made it more concise and clear, added references to scientific news articles that discuss the work in more approachable means and more.
| Or Hen | |
|---|---|
| Born | Israel |
| 🎓 Alma mater | Tel-Aviv University Hebrew University |
| 💼 Occupation | |
| Known for | EMC Effect Short-Range Correlations |
| 🏅 Awards | APS Fellow Alfred P. Sloan Fellow APS Stuart J. Freedman Award IUPAP Young Scientist Prize in Nuclear Physics Guido Altarelli award Amar G. Bose Fellow |
| 🌐 Website | Hen Lab |
Or Hen is an Israeli-born Associate Professor of nuclear and particle physics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Fellow of the American Physical Society (APS). He studies quantum chromodynamics (QCD) effects in the nuclear medium using measurements of high-energy scattering processes and is a leader in the development of the U.S. Electron-Ion Collider.
Early life and education
Hen was born in Jerusalem, Israel, and raised in the moshav Even Sapir in a family of poultry farmers . In his early years, Hen faced challenges with severe learning disabilities and was diagnosed with neurological dysgraphia disorder during his kindergarten years.[1]. While still in high school, Hen had the opportunity to attend the Hebrew University through the Lehava program. This initiative aims to increase academic accessibility for first-generation students by offering early exposure to college-level courses. It was during this time that Hen's passion for STEM fields blossomed, with a particular inclination towards physics.
After high school, Hen pursued a full-time education at Hebrew University, earning a double major bachelor's degree in physics and computer engineering in 2009. Following his studies, he served in the Israeli Army for seven years. He was employed as a senior academic officer, conducting experimental physics research. Concurrently, Hen collaborated with the research group led by Prof. Eli Piasetzky at Tel-Aviv University and secured a graduate degree in physics by 2015.
Research and career
In late 2015, Or Hen relocated to the United States to join the MIT Physics Department and the Laboratory for Nuclear Science. He initially served as a Pappalardo Fellow[2] in Physics (from 2015 to 2017) before becoming a faculty member in July 2017. By 2021, Hen earned promotion to the position of Associate Professor and was appointed as the Class of 1956 CD Associate Professor of Physics.
Short-Ranged Correlations:
Hen's seminal research involves using high-energy probes like electrons, photons, and protons to study the formation of short-range correlations (SRCs) in atomic nuclei[3]. Defined as "Quantum Mechanical fluctuations of high-density, high-momentum nucleon clusters in nuclei", SRCs offer insights into low-energy nuclear structure, high-density nuclear matter, and high-energy quark distributions (known as the EMC effect). This research has implications for the domains of strong-interaction physics[4], hadronic structure[5] and astrophysics[6].
Along with his colleagues, Hen demonstrated that SRC pairs account for the majority of high-momentum nucleons in atomic nuclei[7] and predominantly consist of neutron-proton (np) pairs[8][9] due to a strong, short-range tensor interaction. Contrary to traditional beliefs, the dominance of np-SRC increases the fraction of high-momentum protons in neutron-rich nuclei[10]. Hen's team also highlighted the repulsive core of the strong nuclear interaction, revealing an increased abundance of pp-SRC pairs with rising pair relative momenta[11]. This research gave the first direct insight into the transition from tensor attraction to scalar repulsion in the strong nuclear interaction at extremely short distances[4].
The EMC Effect[12].
Hen and his colleagues identified a relationship between the abundances of SRC pairs and the strength of the EMC effect[13], paving the way for SRC-based models of the EMC effect. By measuring SRC abundances and the EMC in heavy neutron-rich nuclei, the team concluded that a single universal modification function of nucleons in SRC pairs can explain the EMC effect in all nuclei[14], offering insights into the free neutron structure function and SU(6) symmetry-breaking mechanisms in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD).[15]
Electron-Ion Collider (EIC):
Recently, Hen has been involved in the development of the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory. After contributing to the EIC Yellow-Report[16], Hen co-headed the EIC Comprehensive Chromodynamics Experiment (ECCE) consortium, which features 98 institutions that presented a reference design for the inaugural EIC detector. Following the approval of the ECCE design[17], Hen played a central role in the formation of the ePIC collaboration, comprising over 600 researchers from more than 160 global institutions, aiming to design and construct the EIC detector. In 2023, Hen was elected the chairperson of the EIC Users Group, which boasts membership from over 1400 global scientists.
Neutrino Interactions and Oscillations:
Beyond his work on SRCs, the EMC effect, and the EIC, Hen is actively involved in the domain of neutrino interaction measurements essential for precise neutrino oscillation physics[18]. He is a valued member of the MicroBooNE collaboration and co-established the Electrons-for-neutrinos collaboration. Here, he champions the precise study of neutrino oscillations by undertaking meticulous measurements of neutrino-nucleus[19][20] and electron-nucleus[21][22] interactions, ensuring their accurate modeling for experimental oscillation analysis[23]
Fellowships and awards
- 2022 American Physical Society Fellow[24]
- 2021 Class of 1956 CD Professorship Chair[25]
- 2020 Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellow Fellow[26]
- 2019 Science APS Stuart J. Freedman Award in Experimental Nuclear Physics.[27]
- 2019 U.S. DOE Office of Science Early Career Scientist and Engineer Award.[28]
- 2019 IUPAP Young Scientist Prize in Nuclear Physics.[29]
- 2018 Guido Altarelli award.[30]
- 2018 Amar G. Bose Fellowship.[31]
- 2016 Fermi Lab Intensity-Frontier fellowship.[32]
- 2016 Jefferson Science Association dissertation prize.[33]
- 2015 Rothschild Fellowship.[34]
- 2015 MIT Pappalardo Fellowship.[2]
- 2015 Israeli Physics Society dissertation.[35]
- 2013 A. Pazi Award of the Israeli Council for Higher Education.
- 2011 Tel-Aviv University Y. Eisenberg Prize for graduate research.
References
- ↑ "Daily Press article: MIT physicist wins thesis prize for doctoral research at Jefferson Lab". 6 September 2016.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "MIT Pappalardo Fellowships in Physics".
- ↑ Hen, Or; Miller, Gerald A.; Piasetzky, Eli; Weinstein, Lawrence B. (2017-11-13). "Nucleon-nucleon correlations, short-lived excitations, and the quarks within". Reviews of Modern Physics. 89 (4): 045002. arXiv:1611.09748. Bibcode:2017RvMP...89d5002H. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.89.045002. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ 4.0 4.1 Chu, Jennifer. "Study identifies a transition in the strong nuclear force that illuminates the structure of a neutron star's core". phys.org. Retrieved 2023-08-18.
- ↑ Letzter, Rafi. "Physicists Solve a 35-Year-Old Mystery Hidden inside Atomic Cores". Scientific American. Retrieved 2023-08-18.
- ↑ Hen, Or (2021-01-15). "From nuclear clusters to neutron stars". Science. 371 (6526): 232. Bibcode:2021Sci...371..232H. doi:10.1126/science.abf2427. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 33446541 Check
|pmid=value (help). Unknown parameter|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ Korover, I.; Pybus, J. R.; Schmidt, A.; Hauenstein, F.; Duer, M.; Hen, O.; Piasetzky, E.; Weinstein, L. B.; Higinbotham, D. W.; Adhikari, S.; Adhikari, K.; Amaryan, M. J.; Angelini, Giovanni; Atac, H.; Barion, L. (2021-09-10). "12C(e,e'pN) measurements of short range correlations in the tensor-to-scalar interaction transition region". Physics Letters B. 820: 136523. arXiv:2004.07304. Bibcode:2021PhLB..82036523K. doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2021.136523. ISSN 0370-2693. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ Hen, O.; Sargsian, M.; Weinstein, L. B.; Piasetzky, E.; Hakobyan, H.; Higinbotham, D. W.; Braverman, M.; Brooks, W. K.; Gilad, S.; Adhikari, K. P.; Arrington, J.; Asryan, G.; Avakian, H.; Ball, J.; Baltzell, N. A. (2014-10-31). "Momentum sharing in imbalanced Fermi systems". Science. 346 (6209): 614–617. arXiv:1412.0138. Bibcode:2014Sci...346..614H. doi:10.1126/science.1256785. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 25323697. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ CLAS Collaboration; Duer, M.; Schmidt, A.; Pybus, J. R.; Segarra, E. P.; Hrnjic, A.; Denniston, A. W.; Weiss, R.; Hen, O.; Piasetzky, E.; Weinstein, L. B.; Barnea, N.; Korover, I.; Cohen, E. O.; Hakobyan, H. (2019-05-03). "Direct Observation of Proton-Neutron Short-Range Correlation Dominance in Heavy Nuclei". Physical Review Letters. 122 (17): 172502. arXiv:1810.05343. Bibcode:2019PhRvL.122q2502D. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.172502. PMID 31107086. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ Duer, M.; Hen, O.; Piasetzky, E.; Hakobyan, H.; Weinstein, L. B.; Braverman, M.; Cohen, E. O.; Higinbotham, D.; Adhikari, K. P.; Adhikari, S.; Amaryan, M. J.; Arrington, J.; Ashkenazi, A.; Ball, J.; Balossino, I. (August 2018). "Probing high-momentum protons and neutrons in neutron-rich nuclei". Nature. 560 (7720): 617–621. Bibcode:2018Natur.560..617C. doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0400-z. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 30104596. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ Schmidt, A.; Pybus, J. R.; Weiss, R.; Segarra, E. P.; Hrnjic, A.; Denniston, A.; Hen, O.; Piasetzky, E.; Weinstein, L. B.; Barnea, N.; Strikman, M.; Larionov, A.; Higinbotham, D. (February 2020). "Probing the core of the strong nuclear interaction". Nature. 578 (7796): 540–544. arXiv:2004.11221. Bibcode:2020Natur.578..540S. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2021-6. hdl:1721.1/129724. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 32103193 Check
|pmid=value (help). Unknown parameter|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ "There's a giant mystery hiding inside every atom in the universe". Fox News. 2020-01-03. Retrieved 2023-08-18.
- ↑ Weinstein, L. B.; Piasetzky, E.; Higinbotham, D. W.; Gomez, J.; Hen, O.; Shneor, R. (2011-02-04). "Short Range Correlations and the EMC Effect". Physical Review Letters. 106 (5): 052301. arXiv:1009.5666. Bibcode:2011PhRvL.106e2301W. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.052301. PMID 21405385. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ Schmookler, B.; Duer, M.; Schmidt, A.; Hen, O.; Gilad, S.; Piasetzky, E.; Strikman, M.; Weinstein, L. B.; Adhikari, S.; Amaryan, M.; Ashkenazi, A.; Avakian, H.; Ball, J.; Balossino, I.; Barion, L. (February 2019). "Modified structure of protons and neutrons in correlated pairs". Nature. 566 (7744): 354–358. arXiv:2004.12065. Bibcode:2019Natur.566..354C. doi:10.1038/s41586-019-0925-9. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 30787453. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ Segarra, E. P.; Schmidt, A.; Kutz, T.; Higinbotham, D. W.; Piasetzky, E.; Strikman, M.; Weinstein, L. B.; Hen, O. (2020-03-06). "Neutron Valence Structure from Nuclear Deep Inelastic Scattering". Physical Review Letters. 124 (9): 092002. arXiv:1908.02223. Bibcode:2020PhRvL.124i2002S. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.092002. PMID 32202871 Check
|pmid=value (help). Unknown parameter|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ Abdul Khalek, R.; Accardi, A.; Adam, J.; Adamiak, D.; Akers, W.; Albaladejo, M.; Al-bataineh, A.; Alexeev, M. G.; Ameli, F.; Antonioli, P.; Armesto, N.; Armstrong, W. R.; Arratia, M.; Arrington, J.; Asaturyan, A. (2022-10-01). "Science Requirements and Detector Concepts for the Electron-Ion Collider: EIC Yellow Report". Nuclear Physics A. 1026: 122447. arXiv:2103.05419. Bibcode:2022NuPhA102622447A. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2022.122447. ISSN 0375-9474. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ "Final Report: EIC Detector Proposal Advisory Panel" (PDF).
- ↑ Brodsky, Quinn. "Hen's hunt for neutrinos". The Tech. Retrieved 2023-08-18.
- ↑ MicroBooNE Collaboration; Abratenko, P.; Alrashed, M.; An, R.; Anthony, J.; Asaadi, J.; Ashkenazi, A.; Balasubramanian, S.; Baller, B.; Barnes, C.; Barr, G.; Basque, V.; Bathe-Peters, L.; Benevides Rodrigues, O.; Berkman, S. (2020-11-13). "First Measurement of Differential Charged Current Quasielasticlike ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}$-Argon Scattering Cross Sections with the MicroBooNE Detector". Physical Review Letters. 125 (20): 201803. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.201803. PMID 33258649 Check
|pmid=value (help). Unknown parameter|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ "First measurement of single-proton interactions with the MicroBooNE detector". phys.org. Retrieved 2023-08-18.
- ↑ Khachatryan, M.; Papadopoulou, A.; Ashkenazi, A.; Hauenstein, F.; Nambrath, A.; Hrnjic, A.; Weinstein, L. B.; Hen, O.; Piasetzky, E.; Betancourt, M.; Dytman, S.; Mahn, K.; Coloma, P. (November 2021). "Electron-beam energy reconstruction for neutrino oscillation measurements". Nature. 599 (7886): 565–570. Bibcode:2021Natur.599..565K. doi:10.1038/s41586-021-04046-5. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 34819691 Check
|pmid=value (help). Unknown parameter|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. "Electrons set the stage for neutrino experiments". phys.org. Retrieved 2023-08-18.
- ↑ e4ν Collaboration; Papadopoulou, A.; Ashkenazi, A.; Gardiner, S.; Betancourt, M.; Dytman, S.; Weinstein, L. B.; Piasetzky, E.; Hauenstein, F.; Khachatryan, M.; Dolan, S.; Megias, G. D.; Hen, O. (2021-06-08). "Inclusive electron scattering and the genie neutrino event generator". Physical Review D. 103 (11): 113003. arXiv:2009.07228. Bibcode:2021PhRvD.103k3003P. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.103.113003. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ "Seven from MIT named American Physical Society Fellows for 2022". MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 19 October 2022. Retrieved 2022-12-26.
- ↑ "School of Science appoints 11 faculty members to named professorships". MIT News | Massachusetts Institute of Technology. November 2021. Retrieved 2022-12-26.
- ↑ "Fellows Database | Alfred P. Sloan Foundation". sloan.org. Retrieved 2022-12-26.
- ↑ "2019 Stuart Jay Freedman Award in Experimental Nuclear Physics".
- ↑ "FY 2019 DOE Office of Science Early Career Research Program Awards" (PDF).
- ↑ "IUPAP Young Scientist Prize in Nuclear Physics". 9 March 2021.
- ↑ "MIT News: Or Hen receives 2018 Guido Altarelli Award". 18 April 2018.
- ↑ "Bose Grants for 2017 reward bold and unconventional research visions". 14 December 2017.
- ↑ "Fermilab Intensity Frontier Fellowship Program".
- ↑ "JEFFERSON LAB 2015 THESIS PRIZE AWARDED FOR RESEARCH ON INTERACTING PROTONS AND NEUTRONS".
- ↑ "Rothschild fellows colloquium 2015 (page 34 - 35)". 8 May 2015.
- ↑ "MIT News: Pappalardo Fellow Or Hen wins Israel Physical Society graduate research prize". 28 December 2015.
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