Oxalate carbonate pathway
The oxalate-carbonate pathway (OCP) is an important soil inorganic carbon storage mechanism [1]. In biomes that are rich in calcium oxalate, oxalotrophic bacteria and associated fungi [2] [3] can decompose calcium oxalate in leaf litter and soil organic matter and so permit formation of soil carbonate due to a local pH rise [4] [5]. The OCP offers a natural and potentially rapid pathway to sequester atmospheric CO2-carbon [6] [7] as solid CaCO3 in locations where Ca is not derived from limestone or existing soil carbonates [8].
The oxalate-carbonate pathway is characterised by the presence of calcite accumulations in environments where calcite would not usually be expected to occur, for example in environments that are characterised by leaching of cations leading to acidification and enrichment of aluminium, silicon, and iron rather than calcium carbonate[9]. Localised accumulations of calcium carbonate have been reported from similar non-calcareous settings, for example: oxalogenic Iroko trees (Milicia excelsa) and surrounding soil in the Ivory Coast and Cameroon [4] [10] [11]; the oxalogenic trees Terminalia bellirica in India [12] and Tamarindus indica in Madagascar [2]; and ecosystems in the Amazon Basin [7]. The OCP can also take place in soils with calcium-oxalate-rich organic matter and abundant soil fauna, such as organic soils in Sacred Forests in Togo [13], termite mounds in South Africa [14] [15] and termite mounds in Congo [16]
References
- ↑ Gatz-Miller, Hannah S.; Gérard, Frédéric; Verrecchia, Eric P.; Su, Danyang; Mayer, K. Ulrich (2022). "Reactive transport modelling the oxalate-carbonate pathway of the Iroko tree; Investigation of calcium and carbon sinks and sources". Geoderma. 410: 115665. Bibcode:2022Geode.410k5665G. doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2021.115665. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ 2.0 2.1 Hervé, Vincent; Simon, Anaële; Randevoson, Finaritra; Cailleau, Guillaume; Rajoelison, Gabrielle; Razakamanarivo, Herintsitohaina; Bindschedler, Saskia; Verrecchia, Eric; Junier, Pilar (2021-05-01). "Functional Diversity of the Litter-Associated Fungi from an Oxalate-Carbonate Pathway Ecosystem in Madagascar". Microorganisms. 9 (5): 985. doi:10.3390/microorganisms9050985. ISSN 2076-2607. PMC 8147286 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 34062900 Check|pmid=value (help). - ↑ Martin, Gaëtan; Guggiari, Matteo; Bravo, Daniel; Zopfi, Jakob; Cailleau, Guillaume; Aragno, Michel; Job, Daniel; Verrecchia, Eric; Junier, Pilar (2012). "Fungi, bacteria and soil pH: the oxalate-carbonate pathway as a model for metabolic interaction: Bacteria/fungi interactions and soil pH". Environmental Microbiology. 14 (11): 2960–2970. doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2012.02862.x.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Pons, Sophie; Bindschedler, Saskia; Sebag, David; Junier, Pilar; Verrecchia, Eric; Cailleau, Guillaume (2018). "Biocontrolled soil nutrient distribution under the influence of an oxalogenic-oxalotrophic ecosystem". Plant and Soil. 425 (1–2): 145–160. doi:10.1007/s11104-018-3573-1. ISSN 0032-079X. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ Uren, N. C. (2018). "Calcium oxalate in soils, its origins and fate – a review". Soil Research. 56 (5): 443. doi:10.1071/SR17244. ISSN 1838-675X.
- ↑ Cailleau, Guillaume; Braissant, Olivier; Verrecchia, Eric P. (2004-04-01). "Biomineralization in plants as a long-term carbon sink". Naturwissenschaften. 91 (4): 191–194. Bibcode:2004NW.....91..191C. doi:10.1007/s00114-004-0512-1. ISSN 1432-1904. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ 7.0 7.1 Cailleau, Guillaume; Mota, Matteo; Bindschedler, Saskia; Junier, Pilar; Verrecchia, Eric P. (2014). "Detection of active oxalate–carbonate pathway ecosystems in the Amazon Basin: Global implications of a natural potential C sink". CATENA. 116: 132–141. doi:10.1016/j.catena.2013.12.017.
- ↑ Monger, H. Curtis; Kraimer, Rebecca A.; Khresat, Sa’eb; Cole, David R.; Wang, Xiujun; Wang, Jiaping (2015). "Sequestration of inorganic carbon in soil and groundwater". Geology. 43 (5): 375–378. Bibcode:2015Geo....43..375M. doi:10.1130/G36449.1. ISSN 1943-2682.
- ↑ Pons, Sophie; Bindschedler, Saskia; Sebag, David; Junier, Pilar; Verrecchia, Eric; Cailleau, Guillaume (2018). "Biocontrolled soil nutrient distribution under the influence of an oxalogenic-oxalotrophic ecosystem". Plant and Soil. 425 (1–2): 145–160. doi:10.1007/s11104-018-3573-1. ISSN 0032-079X. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ Cailleau, Guillaume; Braissant, Olivier; Dupraz, Christophe; Aragno, Michel; Verrecchia, Eric P. (2005-01-01). "Biologically induced accumulations of CaCO3 in orthox soils of Biga, Ivory Coast". CATENA. 59 (1): 1–17. doi:10.1016/j.catena.2004.06.002. ISSN 0341-8162.
- ↑ Braissant, Olivier; Cailleau, Guillaume; Aragno, Michel; Verrecchia, Eric P. (2004). "Biologically induced mineralization in the tree Milicia excelsa (Moraceae): its causes and consequences to the environment". Geobiology. 2 (1): 59–66. doi:10.1111/j.1472-4677.2004.00019.x. ISSN 1472-4677. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ Hervé, Vincent; Clerc, Martin; Cailleau, Guillaume; Bueche, Matthieu; Junier, Thomas; Verrecchia, Eric; Junier, Pilar (2018-01-02). "Carbonate Accumulation in the Bark of Terminalia bellirica : A New Habitat for the Oxalate-Carbonate Pathway". Geomicrobiology Journal. 35 (1): 31–39. doi:10.1080/01490451.2017.1309087. ISSN 0149-0451. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ Ur Rehman, Hafeez; Poch, Rosa M.; Scarciglia, Fabio; Francis, Michele L. (2021-03-01). "A carbon-sink in a sacred forest: Biologically-driven calcite formation in highly weathered soils in Northern Togo (West Africa)". CATENA. 198: 105027. doi:10.1016/j.catena.2020.10.009. ISSN 0341-8162. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ Francis, M.L.; Ellis, F.; Lambrechts, J.J.N.; Poch, R.M. (2013). "A micromorphological view through a Namaqualand termitaria (Heuweltjie, a Mima-like mound)". CATENA. 100: 57–73. doi:10.1016/j.catena.2012.08.004.
- ↑ Francis, Michele Louise; Poch, Rosa M. (2019). "Calcite accumulation in a South African heuweltjie: Role of the termite Microhodotermes viator and oribatid mites". Journal of Arid Environments. 170: 103981. Bibcode:2019JArEn.170j3981F. doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2019.05.009. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ Mujinya, B. B.; Mees, F.; Boeckx, P.; Bodé, S.; Baert, G.; Erens, H.; Delefortrie, S.; Verdoodt, A.; Ngongo, M.; Van Ranst, E. (2011-10-15). "The origin of carbonates in termite mounds of the Lubumbashi area, D.R. Congo". Geoderma. 165 (1): 95–105. Bibcode:2011Geode.165...95M. doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.07.009. ISSN 0016-7061.
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