Pedinomonas noctiluca

Classification

Noctiluca comes from the Latin [nocte], meaning night, and [lux] meaning light. (from N scintillans).

Classification of Pedinomonas noctiluca^[1]
Super group	Plantae
Phylum	Chlorophyta
Class	Pedinophyceae
Order	Pedinomonadales
Family	Pedinomonadaceae
Genus	Pedinomonas
Species	Noctilucae

Synonym of Pedinomonas noctiluca : Protoeuglena noctilucae R.Subrahmanyan.

Mechanism

Pedinomonas noctiluca forms a symbiosis with Noctiluca Scintillans. Hundreds of Pedinomonas live in the vacuoles of a single cell. This species is so abundant that it gives N. Scintillans its green colour. There are in fact 2 types: the green form and the red form. The red form has no vacuolar symbiosis. This symbiosis, due to the presence in the organism (vacuole), is called endosymbiosis.

This symbiosis allows the growth of Noctiluca scintillans to be contained by the sun's rays, i.e. only during the day and not at night. It fixes carbon, and works even better under hypoxic conditions^[2]. This symbiosis works by photosynthesis and the products of this photosynthesis are transmitted to the host. The host is also able to digest the mobile symbiont within the vacuole in case of lack of food^[3].

Anatomy

Each cell has a horseshoe-shaped chloroplast with a prominent pyrenoid surrounded by a starch sheath. The nucleus is elongated and lies in the horseshoe-shaped opening of the chloroplast, facing the posterior end of the cell.^[3]

At least 5 mitochondria can be seen in one corner of the cell, otherwise they are distributed everywhere in large numbers. The long flagellum is inserted in a deep asymmetry from the outside. This is a deep tunnel-like insertion^[3].

References

↑ SASTRE, C. (1997). "Les introductions d'espèces dans le milieu aquatique. Le contexte biogéographique : aspects généraux et paléohistoire". Bulletin Français de la Pêche et de la Pisciculture (344–345): 9–14. doi:10.1051/kmae:1997006. ISSN 0767-2861.
↑ Wang, Lu; Lin, Xin; Goes, Joaquim I.; Lin, Senjie (2016-04-XX). "Phylogenetic Analyses of Three Genes of Pedinomonas noctilucae, the Green Endosymbiont of the Marine Dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans, Reveal its Affiliation to the Order Marsupiomonadales (Chlorophyta, Pedinophyceae) under the Reinstated Name Protoeuglena noctilucae". Protist. 167 (2): 205–216. doi:10.1016/j.protis.2016.02.005. PMID 27033730. Check date values in: |date= (help)
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Sweeney, Beatrice M. (1976-12-XX). "Pedinomonas Noctilucae (Prasinophyceae), the Flagellate Symbiotic in Noctiluca (Dinophyceae) in Southeast Asia1". Journal of Phycology. 12 (4): 460–464. doi:10.1111/j.1529-8817.1976.tb02874.x. ISSN 0022-3646. Check date values in: |date= (help)

Pedinomonas noctiluca

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[1] SASTRE, C. (1997). "Les introductions d'espèces dans le milieu aquatique. Le contexte biogéographique : aspects généraux et paléohistoire". Bulletin Français de la Pêche et de la Pisciculture (344–345): 9–14. doi:10.1051/kmae:1997006. ISSN 0767-2861.

[2] Wang, Lu; Lin, Xin; Goes, Joaquim I.; Lin, Senjie (2016-04-XX). "Phylogenetic Analyses of Three Genes of Pedinomonas noctilucae, the Green Endosymbiont of the Marine Dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans, Reveal its Affiliation to the Order Marsupiomonadales (Chlorophyta, Pedinophyceae) under the Reinstated Name Protoeuglena noctilucae". Protist. 167 (2): 205–216. doi:10.1016/j.protis.2016.02.005. PMID 27033730. Check date values in: |date= (help)

[:0-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Sweeney, Beatrice M. (1976-12-XX). "Pedinomonas Noctilucae (Prasinophyceae), the Flagellate Symbiotic in Noctiluca (Dinophyceae) in Southeast Asia1". Journal of Phycology. 12 (4): 460–464. doi:10.1111/j.1529-8817.1976.tb02874.x. ISSN 0022-3646. Check date values in: |date= (help)

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