Pierre Julius Magistretti
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| Professor Pierre Julius Magistretti | |
|---|---|
 EPFL Pierre J. Magistretti 2017.jpg Pierre J. Magistretti in 2017 | |
| Born | 1952 (age 72–73) Milan, Italy |
| 🏳️ Citizenship | Italy Switzerland |
| 💼 Occupation | |
| Known for | Glia cells metabolism |
| 🏅 Awards | IPSEN Foundation Prize Camillo Golgi Medal Award Goethe Award for Psychoanalytic and Psychodynamic Scholarship |
| 🌐 Website | https://people.epfl.ch/pierre.magistretti |
Pierre J. Magistretti (born 1952 in Milan, Italy) is a Italian neuroscientist and physician. He is a professor emeritus of neuroscience at EPFL (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; until 2017), University of Geneva (until 2017) and University of Lausanne (until 2018).[1][2] Until 2017, he was the director of the EPFL's Brain Mind Institute and director of the Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience of the University of Lausanne and Lausanne University Hospital.[3] Since 2012 he has been distinguished professor at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology.[4]
Career[edit]
Magistretti studied medicine at University of Geneva, and received his diploma in 1977 and his medical doctor degree in 1979 for his thesis on Etude de la liaison spécifique du ³H-spiropéridol dans la fraction membranaire de la rétine de mammifère suppervised by Michel Schorderet.[5] He then joined Floyd E. Bloom's A.V. Davis Center for Behavioral Neurobiology Laboratory at Salk Institute for Biological Studies in La Jolla and enrolled in a graduate program for neuroscience at the University of California, San Diego. In 1982, he received his PhD for a thesis on Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide: A Regulator of Cellular Homeostasis in Cerebral Cortex co-supervised by William Shoemaker.[6] Until 1987 he was Maître Assistant (postdoctoral researcher) at University of Geneva's Department of Pharmacology and worked on the synergistic interactions between vasoactive intestinal peptide and norepinephrine in forming cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP).[7][8]
In 1988, he became professor at the University of Lausanne's Department of Physiology, whose chairman he was from 2001 to 2004. From 2004 to 2012 he was the founding director of the Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience at the University of Lausanne.[2][3]
In 2005, he became professor and co-director of EPFL's Brain Mind Institute, whose sole director he became in 2008.[1][2] From 2010 to 2016 he acted as director of the Swiss National Center for Competence SynaPsy.[9] In 2012, he was nominated distinguished professor and dean of the department of Biological, Environmental Sciences and Engineering at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology.[4]
He confered emeritus status at EPFL in 2017, University of Geneva in 2017, and University of Lausanne in 2018.[1][10][11]
Research[edit]
Magistretti's research is focused on the study of brain energy metabolism and in particular the field of neural glia cell biology. He has contributed to understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms coupling neuronal activity and energy consumption. He investigated the key physionlogical role that glial cells, especially astrocytes, play in neural activity. He provided insight into the role of lactate produced by astrocytes through the astrocyte neuron lactate shuttle, which acts as both an energy substrate for neurons and also as a signaling molecule. His contributions help to explain the source of the signals detected by functional brain imaging, clarified the role of astrocytes and lactate in neuronal plasticity, memory and neuro-protection. More recently he was involved in translational research in psychiatry by investigating the the role of glia cells in psychiatric diseases.
Distinctions[edit]
Magistretti is member and for former president of the Swiss Society for Neuroscience (1997–1999),[12] the Federation of European Neuroscience Societies (FESN; 2002–2004),[13] and the International Brain Research Organization (IBRO; 2014–2019). He was a member of the board of trustees of the Human Frontier Science Program (2003–2018),[14] vice chairman of the European Dana Alliance for the Brain (EDAB; since 2002),[15] honorary member of the Chinese Association for Physiological Sciences (since 2014), ad personam member of the Swiss Academy of Medical Sciences (since 2001),[16] and member of Academia Europaea (since 2001).[17]
He is the recipient of the 2016 IPSEN Foundation Prize (together with David Attwell and Marcus Raichle),[18] the 2011 Camillo Golgi Medal Award from the Golgi Foundation,[19] and the 2009 Goethe Award for Psychoanalytic and Psychodynamic Scholarship from Canadian Psychological Association.
He was International Chair Professor at Collège de France (2007–2008),[20] and Emil Kraepelin Guest Professor at the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry (2002).[21]
Selected works[edit]
- Pellerin, L.; Magistretti, P. J. (1994). "Glutamate uptake into astrocytes stimulates aerobic glycolysis: A mechanism coupling neuronal activity to glucose utilization". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 91 (22): 10625–10629. Bibcode:1994PNAS...9110625P. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.22.10625. PMC 45074. PMID 7938003.
- Magistretti, P. J.; Pellerin, L.; Rothman, D. L.; Shulman, R. G. (1999). "NEUROSCIENCE:Energy on Demand". Science. 283 (5401): 496–497. Bibcode:1999Sci...283..496.. doi:10.1126/science.283.5401.496. PMID 9988650. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - Marquet, Pierre; Rappaz, Benjamin; Magistretti, Pierre J.; Cuche, Etienne; Emery, Yves; Colomb, Tristan; Depeursinge, Christian (2005). "Digital holographic microscopy: A noninvasive contrast imaging technique allowing quantitative visualization of living cells with subwavelength axial accuracy". Optics Letters. 30 (5): 468–470. Bibcode:2005OptL...30..468M. doi:10.1364/OL.30.000468. PMID 15789705.
- Bélanger, Mireille; Allaman, Igor; Magistretti, Pierre J. (2011). "Brain Energy Metabolism: Focus on Astrocyte-Neuron Metabolic Cooperation". Cell Metabolism. 14 (6): 724–738. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2011.08.016. PMID 22152301.
- Lee, Youngjin; Morrison, Brett M.; Li, Yun; Lengacher, Sylvain; Farah, Mohamed H.; Hoffman, Paul N.; Liu, Yiting; Tsingalia, Akivaga; Jin, Lin; Zhang, Ping-Wu; Pellerin, Luc; Magistretti, Pierre J.; Rothstein, Jeffrey D. (2012). "Oligodendroglia metabolically support axons and contribute to neurodegeneration". Nature. 487 (7408): 443–448. Bibcode:2012Natur.487..443L. doi:10.1038/nature11314. PMC 3408792. PMID 22801498.
- Tsacopoulos, M.; Magistretti, PJ (1996). "Metabolic coupling between glia and neurons". The Journal of Neuroscience. 16 (3): 877–885. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.16-03-00877.1996. PMC 6578818 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 8558256. Unknown parameter|s2cid=ignored (help) - Suzuki, Akinobu; Stern, Sarah A.; Bozdagi, Ozlem; Huntley, George W.; Walker, Ruth H.; Magistretti, Pierre J.; Alberini, Cristina M. (2011). "Astrocyte-Neuron Lactate Transport is Required for Long-Term Memory Formation". Cell. 144 (5): 810–823. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2011.02.018. PMC 3073831. PMID 21376239.
- Magistretti, Pierre J.; Pellerin, Luc (1999). "Cellular mechanisms of brain energy metabolism and their relevance to functional brain imaging". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences. 354 (1387): 1155–1163. doi:10.1098/rstb.1999.0471. PMC 1692634. PMID 10466143.
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "18 professors appointed at ETH Zurich and EPFL | ETH-Board". www.ethrat.ch. Retrieved 2021-04-12.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Pierre Magistretti". people.epfl.ch. Retrieved 2021-04-12.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Team". CHUV. Retrieved 2021-04-12.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Pierre Magistretti". www.kaust.edu.sa. Retrieved 2021-04-12.
- ↑ "Etude de la liaison spécifique du ³H-spiropéridol dans la fraction membranaire de la rétine de mammifère : son intérêt pour l'évaluation de l'affinité dopaminergique des substances psychotropes". slsp-unige.primo.exlibrisgroup.com. Retrieved 2021-04-12.
- ↑ Magistretti, Pierre Julius (1982). Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide: a regulator of cellular homeostasis in cerebral cortex (Thesis).
- ↑ Magistretti, Pierre J.; Morrison, John H. (1985-01-01). "VIP neurons in the neocortex". Trends in Neurosciences. 8: 7–8. doi:10.1016/0166-2236(85)90005-0. ISSN 0166-2236. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ Schaad, Nicolas C.; Schorderet, Michel; Magistretti, Pierre J. (1987-08-XX). "Prostaglandins and the synergism between VIP and noradrenaline in the cerebral cortex". Nature. 328 (6131): 637–640. Bibcode:1987Natur.328..637S. doi:10.1038/328637a0. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 3039374. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help); Check date values in:|date=(help) - ↑ "Pierre Magistretti | NCCR-Synapsy". Retrieved 2021-04-12.
- ↑ "Pierre J. Magistretti : A life-long passion for neuroscience | NCCR-Synapsy". 2017-12-17. Retrieved 2021-04-12.
- ↑ "Congratulations to W. Herr who was named Prof. Emeritus from Aug. 1, 2018". www.genomyx.ch. Retrieved 2021-04-12.
- ↑ "Our History | Zurich, Switzerland". www.swissneuroscience.ch. Retrieved 2021-04-12.
- ↑ Stewart, Michael G. (1999-10-XX). "FENS 2000 – Federation of European Neuroscience Societies millennium meeting". Trends in Neurosciences. 22 (10): 427–428. doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(99)01484-8. ISSN 0166-2236. PMID 10481184. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help); Check date values in:|date=(help) - ↑ Office, FENS. "Magistretti, Pierre". FENS.org. Retrieved 2021-04-12.
- ↑ "Alliance Membership". Dana Foundation. Retrieved 2021-04-12.
- ↑ "Senate". Senate. Retrieved 2021-04-12.
- ↑ "Academy of Europe: Magistretti Pierre". www.ae-info.org. Retrieved 2021-04-12.
- ↑ "The 27th Neuronal Plasticity Prize of the Fondation IPSEN Has Been Awarded to David Attwell, Pierre Magistretti and Marcus Raichle". www.businesswire.com. 2016-07-05. Retrieved 2021-04-12.
- ↑ "Camillo Golgi Medal Award 2011" (PDF). Fondazione Camillo Golgi. Retrieved 2021-04-21. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ "Biographie". www.college-de-france.fr (in français). Retrieved 2021-04-12.
- ↑ "Emil Kraepelin Guest Professorship awarded to Professor Charles Nemeroff". www.psych.mpg.de. Retrieved 2021-04-12.
External links[edit]
- Pierre Magistretti publications indexed by Google Scholar
- Personal website of Pierre Magistretti at EPFL
- Personal website of Pierre Magistretti at KAUST
Category:1952 births Category:Living people Category:University of Geneva alumni Category:École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne faculty Category:University of Geneva faculty Category:University of Lausanne faculty Category:King Abdullah University of Science and Technology faculty Category:Neuroscientists Category:Physicians
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