Professor Robert E. Hughes
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Robert E. Hughes
Robert Edward Hughes (May 31, 1924 – April 2, 2017) was an American professor of physical chemistry at Cornell University, Director of the Materials Science Center at Cornell, a U.S. Senate-confirmed Assistant Director of the National Science Foundation, and longtime President of Associated Universities that operated Brookhaven National Laboratories for the U.S. Department of Energy, and the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) and the Very Large Array telescope in New Mexico, and the 100 meter radio telescope in Greenbank WV. Early Life and Education
Hughes was born in New York City in 1924. He enlisted in the U.S. Army in early 1942 and served until 1946. He received a bachelor’s degree in 1949 from Lehigh University followed by a PhD from Cornell University in 1952.[1]
Academic career
Hughes’ thesis at Cornell determined the first x-ray crystallographic determination of the crystal structure of boron in 1953. His thesis, and subsequent collaborative work with his mentor and colleague J. L Hoard,[2] as Nobel Laureate Roald Hoffman and others have noted, led Nobel Laureate Linus Pauling to comment “This is the most beautiful structure I have ever seen”.[3] Of Hoard and Hughes paper on Tetragonal Boron Pauling wrote: “I think that it is one of the best crystal-structure determinations that has ever been made.”[4]
Hughes became an Assistant Professor of Chemistry at the University of Pennsylvania in 1953 and by 1964 a full professor. While at Penn, based on DARPA’s request for proposals for interdisciplinary materials research, Hughes helped co-found the Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, which celebrated its 50th anniversary in 2012 and is associated with 5 Nobel Prize winners.[5]
Hughes returned to Cornell as a Professor of Chemistry in 1964. He also became Director of the Materials Science Center at Cornell from 1968-74. He was a co-founder and editor of the Journal of Solid State Chemistry and an associate editor of Materials Science and Engineering.
Public Service
In 1974 President Ford nominated Hughes, and the Senate confirmed him, as the Assistant Director of the National Science Foundation (NSF) for National and International Programs; in 1975 he became Assistant Director for Astronomical, Atmospheric, Earth and Ocean Sciences. Hughes headed the U.S. delegations to the Eighth Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting in Oslo, Norway. The National Science Board recognized his many contributions, noting that Dr. Hughes "...contributed immeasurably to the development and advancement of the National Science Foundation programs under his direction and to the welfare of science in the Nation..." Hughes returned to Cornell as Professor of Chemistry in 1977.[6]
From 1980 to 1996 Hughes was President of Associated Universities Incorporated (AUI).[7] AUI, founded by Nobel Laureate Isidor Rabi in 1946, was a non-profit partnership between universities and the government to run Brookhaven National Laboratory, the home of many notable scientific discoveries, with a billion dollar scale budget. AUI also managed and operated for the NRAO the telescope at Greenbank West Virginia, and for the NSF the Very Large Array near Socorro NM, linked to a string of radio telescopes around the world.[8]
Publications
The Structure of Tetragonal Boron, J. L Hoard, R.E. Hughes and D.E. Sands, Journal of the American Chemical Society 1958, 80, 17, 4507-4515.
The Structure of -Rhombohedral Boron, R. E. Hughes, C. H. L. Kennard, D. B. Sullenger, H. A. Weakliem, D. E. Sands, J. L. Hoard, Journal of the American Chemical Society 1963, 85, 3, 361-362 [1]
J. L. Hoard and R. E. Hughes, in The Chemistry of Boron and Its Compounds, edited by E. L. Muetterties (Wiley, New York, 1967).
Associations
Hughes was a member of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Astronomical Society, the American Chemical Society, the American Crystallography Society, the American Physical Society, Sigma Xi and Phi Beta Kappa
References[edit]
1. E.g., in hardcopy, American Men & Women of Science, 1992-93, Vol 3: 940; Who’s Who in America, 1976-77, Vol I: 1529. See also “A Conversation with Robert Hughes – Interview by Ben Widom”, A Chemistry and Chemical Biology Oral History Project, (2011) at https://ecommons.cornell.edu/handle/1813/30386.
2. See Robert E. Hughes, “James Lynn Hoard, December 28, 1905 - April 10, 1993,” Biographical Memoirs, Vol 74 (1998) National Academies Press at https://www.nap.edu/read/6201/chapter/10.
3. Roald Hoffmann, Benjamin Widom and Robert A. Plane, In Memoriam: “Robert E. Hughes, May 24, 1924 – April 2, 2017” at http://cpb-us-e1.wpmucdn.com/blogs.cornell.edu/dist/3/6798/files/2016/01/Robert-Hughes-1nduugs.pdf via https://chemistry.cornell.edu/department-history.
4. Letter from Linus Pauling to Professor J. L. Hoard, 19 February 1959 at Linus Pauling: Day By Day at http://scarc.library.oregonstate.edu/coll/pauling/calendar/1959/02/17-xl.html.
5. “LRSM C0-Founder Dr. Robert E. Hughes Passes at Age 92” at https://www.lrsm.upenn.edu/news-item/robert-e-hughes-passes/ and “LSRM 50th Anniversay Celebration” at https://www.lrsm.upenn.edu/event/lrsm-50th-anniversary-celebration/ and https://www.lrsm.upenn.edu/event/lrsm-50th-anniversary-celebration-videos/.
6. Tom Fleischman, “Robert Hughes, professor emeritus of chemistry, dies at 92,” Cornell Chronicle, April 27, 2017 at http://news.cornell.edu/stories/2017/04/robert-hughes-professor-emeritus-chemistry-dies-92.
7. “Hughes Named AUI President,” Brookhaven Bulletin, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Vol. 34, No. 18, May 2, 1980 at https://www.bnl.gov/bnlweb/pubaf/bulletin/1947-1995/1980/02051980.pdf.
8. Anita Cohen, “Robert Hughes to Step Down from AUI Presidency” Brookhaven Bulletin, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Vol. 50, No. 19, May 10, 1996 at https://www.bnl.gov/bnlweb/pubaf/bulletin/1996/bb051096.pdf .
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