Quantum field of magnet
Quantum field of a magnet or else called Quantum Magnet[4][1] refers to the characteristic field pattern inside a magnet's bulk material shown when observed with a superparamagnetic ferrolens[1][2][3][4][5] and is not to be confused with the classical macroscopic outside, on air, N-S vector field of permanent magnets.
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The quantum field image of magnets shown, includes also visual information about their domain wall or else Bloch wall which is considered as a quantum effect therefore the name "Quantum field of magnet" is given when it is observed via the ferrolens. Other alternative magnetic field visualization methods using ferromagnetism are not showing this kind of information[1][6] and are showing only the classical macroscopic N-S, outside field of a magnet.
Relative hard ferromagnetic materials and macroscopic sensors with a large magnetic anisotropy[7][8] K and very low magnetic reluctance like iron when used in magnetic field mapping applications show the classical macroscopic outside, on air, N-S vector field of magnets.
However, there is a second existing at the quantum level, net magnetic field inside the bulk matter of every magnet where magnetic flux circulates (i.e. lowest potential magnetic flux) on two distinct and separate hemispheres as two joined irrotational vortices (i.e. dipole vortex) shown by the ferrolens[1][4]. Each magnetic hemisphere is residing on each pole of the magnet. The two hemispheres are placed back to back and joined tangent to the domain wall of the magnet, resembling the Greek letter theta θ. Gyromagnetic ratio γ of magnet is preserved in this new field geometry observed since it consists essentially of two joined hemispheres making up a sphere.
Soft magnetic materials and quantum, nanosized sensors with lower magnetic anisotropy[9][10] in a superparamagnetic configuration like a magnetite Fe3O4 diluted in an hydrocarbon based or water based carrier solution, thin film of ferrofluid, are able to show as demonstrated, in real-time the quantum field image of a magnet. In general the Quantum Field of Magnets (QFM) is attributed to the Quantum Decoherence phenomenon[4].
For more information there is also a video series currently, explaining and outlining published research on the Quantum Magnet field[11] observed with the ferrolens in permanent magnets as well as experiments demonstrating that the quantum optic magnetic flux viewer ferrolens (Ferrocell), does not display the classical, on air, N-S vector magnetic field of a ferromagnet but instead the net Quantum Magnet Field (QMF) of inside the ferromagnet’s bulk material. Specifically, it displays the curl and vorticity of the net field inside a ferromagnet’s matter which is known by literature that it is different from the outside macroscopic classical field of a magnet and therefore not to be confused with.
Extending on the topic of Quantum Magnetism, the ferrolens can also be used in the research of emergent synthetic (i.e. quasiparticles) magnetic monopoles in macroscopic condensed matter systems[12].
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Markoulakis, Emmanouil; Konstantaras, Antonios; Antonidakis, Emmanuel (2018). "The quantum field of a magnet shown by a nanomagnetic ferrolens". Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials. 466: 252–259. arXiv:1807.08751. doi:10.1016/j.jmmm.2018.07.012. ISSN 0304-8853.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Michael Snyder and Johnathan Frederick (June 18, 2008). "Photonic Dipole Contours of a Ferrofluid Hele-Shaw Cell". Chrysalis: The Murray State University Journal of Undergraduate Research.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Tufaile, Alberto; Vanderelli, Timm A.; Tufaile, Adriana Pedrosa Biscaia (2017). "Light Polarization Using Ferrofluids and Magnetic Fields". Advances in Condensed Matter Physics. 2017: 1–7. doi:10.1155/2017/2583717. ISSN 1687-8108.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 E. Markoulakis, A. Konstantaras, J. Chatzakis, R. Iyer, E. Antonidakis, Real time observation of a stationary magneton, Results in Physics, 15(C), 2019, 102793, arxiv:1911.05735, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinp.2019.102793.
- ↑ Metlov, Konstantin L. (2005). "Cross-Tie Domain Wall Ground State in Thin Films". Journal of Low Temperature Physics. 139 (1): 207–219. doi:10.1007/s10909-005-3924-1. ISSN 0022-2291.
- ↑ Peshkin, Murray; Talmi, Igal; Tassie, Lindsay J (1961). "The quantum mechanical effects of magnetic fields confined to inaccessible regions". Annals of Physics. 12 (3): 426–435. Bibcode:1961AnPhy..12..426P. doi:10.1016/0003-4916(61)90069-0. ISSN 0003-4916.
- ↑ Hanson, M.; Johansson, C.; Morup, S. (1993). "The influence of magnetic anisotropy on the magnetization of small ferromagnetic particles". Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter. 5 (6): 725. Bibcode:1993JPCM....5..725H. doi:10.1088/0953-8984/5/6/009. ISSN 0953-8984.
- ↑ Graham, C. D. (1958). "Magnetocrystalline Anisotropy Constants of Iron at Room Temperature and Below". Physical Review. 112 (4): 1117–1120. Bibcode:1958PhRv..112.1117G. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.112.1117.
- ↑ Chantrell, R.W.; Tanner, B.K.; Hoon, S.R. (1983). "Determination of the magnetic anisotropy of ferrofluids from torque magnetometry data". Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials. 38 (1): 83–92. Bibcode:1983JMMM...38...83C. doi:10.1016/0304-8853(83)90106-3. ISSN 0304-8853.
- ↑ Řezníček, R; Chlan, V; Štěpánková, H; Novák, P; Maryško, M (2012-01-06). "Magnetocrystalline anisotropy of magnetite". Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter. 24 (5): 055501. Bibcode:2012JPCM...24e5501R. doi:10.1088/0953-8984/24/5/055501. ISSN 0953-8984.
- ↑ Markoulakis, Emmanouil and Antonidakis, Emmanuel, A ½ spin fiber model for the electron (2022). Int.J.Phys.Res., 10(1), 1-17. doi:10.14419/ijpr.v10i1.31874. Open Access PDF also available at SSRN:https://ssrn.com/abstract=4021158
- ↑ Markoulakis E, Chatzakis J, Konstantaras A and Antonidakis E, A synthetic macroscopic magnetic unipole, Phys. Scr., 2020, 95, 095811 doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/abaf8f
