Regulation of technology
Regulation of technology refers to all laws, regulations and government rulings which regulate any technological devices, process, resources, and systems. It includes communications, computers, transportation, and appliances.
By field
Vehicle regulation
Vehicle regulation refers to requirements that automobiles must satisfy in order to be approved for sale or use in a particular country or region. They are usually mandated by legislation, and administered by a government body. The regulations concern aspects such as lighting, controls, crashworthiness, environmental protection and theft protection, and might include safety belts or automated features.
Government regulation in the automotive industry directly affects the way cars look, how their components are designed, the safety features that are included, and the overall performance of any given vehicle. As a result, these regulations also have a significant effect on the automotive business by generally increasing production costs while also placing limitations on how cars are sold and marketed. Automotive regulations are designed to benefit the consumer and protect the environment, and automakers can face stiff fines and other penalties if they are not followed.
— investopedia, [1]
Frequency Administration
In telecommunication, frequency assignment authority is the power granted for the administration, designation or delegation to an agency or administrator via treaty or law, to specify frequencies, frequency channels or frequency bands, in the electromagnetic spectrum for use in radiocommunication services, radio stations or ISM applications.
Frequency administration is – according to Article 1.2 of the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) Radio Regulations (RR)[2] – defined as «Any governmental department or service responsible for discharging the obligations undertaken in the Constitution of the International Telecommunication Union, in the Convention of the International Telecommunication Union and in the Administrative Regulations (CS 1002).» Definitions identical to those contained in the Annex to the Constitution or the Annex to the Convention of the International Telecommunication Union (Geneva, 1992) are marked "(CS)" or "(CV)" respectively.
International frequency assignment authority is vested in the Radiocommunication Bureau of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).
Europe
- In Europe each country has regulatory input into the progress of European and international policy, standards, and legislation governing these sectors through their respective frequency administration.
- European frequency administrations might receive military advice by the appropriate National Radio Frequency Agency (NRFA). Pertaining to NATO-Europe, this expertise is within the Spectrum Consultation Command and Control & Infrastructure Branch (SC3IB). However, the decision making body, pertaining to military access to the radio frequency spectrum, is the NATO Civ/Mil Spectrum Capability Panel 3 (CaP3), on behalf of the NATO Consultation, Command and Control Board (C3B), with participation of competent, authorised and mandated representatives of national frequency administrations.
- Civil frequency management for Europe is driven by a number of organisations. These include the:
In July 2002, the European Commission also established the European Regulators Group for Electronic Communications Networks and Services; creating, for the first time, a formal structure for interaction and coordination between the European Commission and regulators in all EU Member States to ensure consistent application of European legislation.
United States
In the United States, primary frequency assignment authority is exercised by the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) for the Federal Government and by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) for non-Federal Government organizations.
By Country
United States
Radio broadcasts
Radio broadcasts and frequencies are regulated by the FCC. Stations are required to obtain a license to broadcast on their specific frequency.
Consumer products
Consumer products are regulated by the Consumer Product Safety Commission.
Automobiles
The US Code provides the specific regulations which specify requirements for cars to be legally permitted to be operated in the USA.
See also
References
- ↑ "How Does Government Regulation Affect the Automotive Sector?".
- ↑ ITU Radio Regulations, Chapter I, Section I, General terms – article 1.2, definition: administration / frequency administration
- ↑ http://www.cept.org CEPT Website
- ↑ http://www.ero.dk Archived 2019-08-07 at the Wayback Machine ERO Website
This article "Regulation of technology" is from Wikipedia. The list of its authors can be seen in its historical and/or the page Edithistory:Regulation of technology. Articles copied from Draft Namespace on Wikipedia could be seen on the Draft Namespace of Wikipedia and not main one.
