Rozellomycetes
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| Class: | Rozellomycetes Doweld
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Rozellomycetes is a class of microscopic fungi within the phylum Rozellomycota. Members of the group are primarily endoparasitic organisms that infect fungi, algae, protists and other eukaryotic hosts in aquatic and terrestrial environments.[1]
Rozellomycetes belongs to a group of early-diverging fungal lineages that have attracted attention because of their simplified morphology, unusual parasitic lifestyles and evolutionary position near the base of the fungal tree.[2]
Taxonomy
Rozellomycetes is classified within the phylum Rozellomycota, a lineage formerly associated with the so-called "cryptomycota". The group includes the genus Rozella, one of the earliest described endoparasitic fungi.[3]
Phylogenetic studies based on ribosomal RNA and genome-scale analyses have shown that Rozellomycetes represents an early-branching fungal lineage distinct from the better-known Ascomycota and Basidiomycota.[4]
Characteristics
Members of Rozellomycetes are generally microscopic and lack the complex multicellular structures typical of many fungi. Several species are known only from environmental DNA sequencing or microscopic observations.[5]
Some species produce flagellated zoospores that swim in aquatic environments before infecting hosts. During infection, the parasite develops within host cells and absorbs nutrients from the host cytoplasm.[6]
Rozellomycetes species are often associated with reduced metabolic capabilities and dependence on host organisms.[7]
Ecology
Rozellomycetes species occur in freshwater, marine and soil environments. They parasitize a broad range of hosts, including algae, oomycetes and fungi.[8]
Environmental sequencing studies suggest that the diversity of Rozellomycetes is substantially underestimated and that the group may represent an important component of microbial ecosystems.[9]
See also
References
- ↑ Jones, M.D.M.; Richards, T.A. (2011). "Hidden diversity of early-diverging fungal lineages: Rozellomycota and beyond". Current Opinion in Microbiology. 14 (4): 383–389. doi:10.1016/j.mib.2011.04.004.
- ↑ Corsaro, D.; Walochnik, J. (2018). "New insights into the biology and phylogeny of Rozellomycota". Protist. 169 (5): 719–730. doi:10.1016/j.protis.2018.07.003.
- ↑ James, T.Y.; Kauff, F.; Schoch, C.L.; Matheny, P.B.; Hofstetter, V. (2006). "Reconstructing the early evolution of Fungi using a six-gene phylogeny". Nature. 443 (7113): 818–822. doi:10.1038/nature05110.
- ↑ Jones, M.D.M.; Forn, I.; Gadelha, C.; Egan, M.J.; Bass, D.; Massana, R.; Richards, T.A. (2011). "Discovery of novel intermediate forms redefines the fungal tree of life". Nature. 474 (7350): 200–203. doi:10.1038/nature09984.
- ↑ Corsaro, D.; Walochnik, J. (2018). "New insights into the biology and phylogeny of Rozellomycota". Protist. 169 (5): 719–730. doi:10.1016/j.protis.2018.07.003.
- ↑ Held, A.A. (1975). "The fine structure of Rozella allomycis". Canadian Journal of Botany. 53 (19): 2212–2222. doi:10.1139/b75-247.
- ↑ James, T.Y.; Berbee, M.L. (2012). "No jacket required — new fungal lineage defies dress code". BioEssays. 34 (2): 94–102. doi:10.1002/bies.201100110.
- ↑ Jones, M.D.M.; Richards, T.A. (2011). "Hidden diversity of early-diverging fungal lineages: Rozellomycota and beyond". Current Opinion in Microbiology. 14 (4): 383–389. doi:10.1016/j.mib.2011.04.004.
- ↑ Jones, M.D.M.; Forn, I.; Gadelha, C.; Egan, M.J.; Bass, D.; Massana, R.; Richards, T.A. (2011). "Discovery of novel intermediate forms redefines the fungal tree of life". Nature. 474 (7350): 200–203. doi:10.1038/nature09984.
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