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Shaghasi (Pashto: شاغاسیان; Dari: شاغاسی خیل), also spelled Shaghasi Khel, is a Pashtun sub-tribe or clan of the Barakzai
Shaghasi شاغاسیان
Loynab Shir Dil Khan Shaghasi' son of Shaghasi Mirdaad Khan Barakzai, grand son of Bazar Khan Barakzai, and great grand son of Sardar Yasin Khan Barakzai, and belonging to the Shaghasi sub-tribe
which is part of the Durrani confederacy of tribes. They are primarily centered on Kandahar, Kabul and central Afghanistan.
The transfer of Sadozai monarchy to Barakzai monarchy is an important political event in the modern history of Afghanistan. During this transfer of power, the role of certain individuals and families became very significant. At the time of seizing the city of Kandahar, the first man who climbed the Kandahar fort on a wooden ladder, and fought his way to open the fort gate from inside, was Mirdaad Khan Barakzai.[1][2] After the transformation of the monarchy from Sadozai to Barakzai, and his landmark role in this transfer, the Kandahari Sardars (Sardar Sher Dil Khan) praised Mirdaad Khan Barakzai for his bravery and rewarded him with the title of Işik Aqasi (Minister of the Royal Court "Chemberlain"). From this time on, the Işik Aqasi title was, due to respect for Mirdaad Khan's royal services in Kandahar, shortened and localized to (Shaghasi) and Mirdaad Khan Barakzai's family became famous as the Shaghasi family and began to have a great deal of influence during the entire Barakzai dynasty from 1823 to 1978 as one of the prominent royal families of Afghanistan.[3][2]
The Shaghasi, shoulder to shoulder with the Mohammadzai, ruled Afghanistan from 1823 to 1978, for a total of 155 years. Although the Shaghasi were forced to exile during Mohammed Nadir Shah, they regained part of their political power during Mohammad Zahir Shah since his Queen consort Humaira Begum was related to the Shaghasi.
Shaghasi Khel are descendants of Mirdaad Khan Barakzai, Işik Aqasi (Minister of the Royal Court "Chemberlain") during the reign of the Kandahari Sardars (Dost Muhammad Khan's brothers), as well as the reign of Dost Muhammad Khan 1863 - 1866 and 1868 - 1879. His father, Bazar Khan Barakzai was a local Barakzai chief, and his grandfather was Sardar Yasin Khan Omar Khanzai (Barakzai), resident of Maruf District (at that time part of Arghistan District) of Kandahar, and one of the notable Sardars of Kandahar during the reigns of Timur Shah Durrani[4][5] and brother to Muhammad of the Mohammadzai.
Shaghasi are the second most prominent & powerful sub-tribe of Barakzai, they were even more powerful than the Mohammadzai during the ruling of Emir Sher Ali Khan - Emir of Afghanistan, and Emir Amanullah Khan - Emir of Afghanistan (February 28, 1919 – 1926), later King of Afghanistan (1926 - January 14, 1929). Prominent Afghan historian, Abdul Hai Habibi denotes that during King Amanullah Khan's reign, the former governor of Kabul was Mahmoud Khan Yawar and the later one was Ali Ahmad Khan (both Shaghasi) Barakzai. Abdul Aziz Khan (later Minister of war, and Prime Minister, Mohammad Sarwar Khan and Abdul Karim Khan were Naib -ul- Hukuma's (all of them were Shaghasi) Barakzai. In Mazar-e-Sharif and Herat Abdul Karim and Mohammad Ibrahim Khan (later Minister) were also Khan Naib -ul- Hukuma's, and Abdul Rahman and Nik Mohammad Khan were Firqa Meshar (all of them were Shaghasi) Barakzai. Abdul Karim Khan in Paktya, and Dost Mahammad Khan Nazim (later NaibSalar, Sipah Salar, Dar-ul-Adalat, and Hakim-e-Ala) in Ghazni, Uruzgan and Kandahar were equally (Shaghasi) Barakzai, Mohammad Alam Khan in Lugar and Kuchi and other governors were the same.[6] To the Shaghasi Khel is related King Amanullah Khan´s mother H.M. Queen Sarwar Sultana Begum, Sirajul-Khwatin, the AliyaHazrat (b. at Kabul, 1875; d. at Istanbul, Turkey, 1965), eldest daughter of Loinab Sher Dil Khan Shaghasi, by his third wife, Benazir Begum, a lady from the Popalzai clan.[7]Ali Ahmad Khan Shaghasi (1883–1929) who was declared King of Afghanistan twice in 1929 was also Shaghasi Barakzai.
Language
The principal language of the Shaghasi is Pashto, more specifically the Southern (Kandahari) dialect of Pashto. Dari is also used as the language for records and correspondence.[8]
Politics
From 1823 to 1978, rulers of Afghanistan belonged to the two branches of one Barakzai dynasty descending from the chiefs of the Barakzai tribe (belonging to the Mohammadzai and Shaghasi).
Ghazi Khoshdil Khan Shaghasi Işik Aqasi (Minister of the Royal Court "Chemberlain"), to Ayub Khanthe Victor of Maiwand the Afghan Prince Charlie and the second commander in the Battle of Maiwand. Later Kamkainaab, Loynaad, Governor of Kabul, Balkh and Kandahar during the reigns of Sher Ali Khan, Habibullah Khan, and Amanullah Khan.[3]
Mohammad Shah Khan Shaghasi Işik Aqasi (Minister of the Royal Court "Chemberlain") to Amir Habibullah Khan - Emir of Afghanistan (October 3, 1901 - February 20, 1919) when Habibullah Khan was still a Crown prince.[2]
Nazim Dost Mohammad Khan Shaghasi Işik Aqasi (Minister of the Royal Court "Chemberlain") to Amir Habibullah Khan - Emir of Afghanistan (October 3, 1901 - February 20, 1919). Later Nazim (Leading Commander of Central Afghanistan), Nayabsalar (Lieutenant General), Sepahsalaar (General), the first Dar-ul-Adalat (Minister of Justice), Hakim-e-Ala (Great Governor) of Ghazni, Uruzgan and Kandahar during the reigns of Abdur Rahman Khan, Habibullah Khan, and Amanullah Khan.[2]
Nazim Dost Mohammad Khan Shaghasi' son of Sardar Amir Mohammad Shaghasi, gran son of Shaghasi Mirdaad Khan Barakzai, as his Işik Aqasi (Minister of the Royal Court "Chemberlain") to Nasrullah Khan in his short reign. Later Nazim (Leading Commander of Central Afghanistan), Nayabsalar (Lieutenant General), Sepahsalaar (General), the first Dar-ul-Adalat (Minister of Justice), Hakim-e-Ala (Great Governor) of Ghazni, Uruzgan and Kandahar during the reigns of Abdur Rahman Khan, Habibullah Khan, and Amanullah Khan.[2]
Yawar Mahmoud Khan Shaghasi Işik Aqasi (Minister of the Royal Court "Chemberlain") to Amir Amanullah Khan - Emir of Afghanistan (February 28, 1919 - 1926). Later the first Yawar Awal (Vice president), and Governor of Kabul during the reign of Amanullah Khan.[3]
Abdul Habib Khan Shaghasi Işik Aqasi (Minister of the Royal Court "Chemberlain") to King Inayatullah Khan (January 14, 1929 - January 17, 1929). Minister of Education during the reign of Amanullah Khan.[2]
H.M. Queen Sarwar Sultana Begum., Sirajul-Khwatin, the AliyaHazrat (b. at Kabul, 1875; d. at Istanbul, Turkey, 1965), eldest daughter of Loinab Sher Dil Khan Shaghasi, by his third wife, Benazir Begum, a lady from the Popalzai clan.
the Ulya Mukhadara Zarin Jan Begum was the mother of Humaira Begum who was the Queen consort of Afghanistan.
↑Katib Hazara, Faiz Mohammad (1993). Siraj al-Tawarikh (in Dari). 1 (1 ed.). Kabul: Kabul. p. 141.CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)Search this book on
↑Hotak, Muḥammad Maʻṣūm (2008). Afghan Shaghasis (in Pashto). Translated by Zaki Hotak. Kandahar: Allama Rashad Publication Institue.CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)Search this book on
↑Popalzai, Azizuldin Wakili (1967). Timur Shah Durrani (in Dari). 2 (2 ed.). Kabul: History Association. pp. 686–695.CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)Search this book on
↑Habibi, Abdul Hai (1984). Constitutionalism movements in Afghanistan (in Dari) (1 ed.). Kabul: Governmental press. p. 197. Unknown parameter |orig-date= ignored (help)CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)Search this book on
↑Sistani, Abd. Azam (2012). Three Research Articles about the Three Historical Families of Kandahar (in Dari). Sweden. pp. 183–185.CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link)Search this book on
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