Social patriotism
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Social patriotism is an openly patriotic standpoint which combines patriotism with socialism. It was first identified at the outset of the First World War when a majority of Social Democrats opted to support the war efforts of their respective governments and abandoned socialist internationalism and worker solidarity. A break with social patriotism was called, leading to the foundation of a Third International.
Zimmerwald Conference, September 1915
At the International Socialist Conference at Zimmerwald, the social patriots were identified as "the openly patriotic majority of the formerly Social-Democratic leaders" in Germany. In France and Austria the majority were also so identified, while in Britain and Russia some, such as Henry Hyndman, the Fabians, the Trade-Unionists, Georgi Plekhanov, Ilya Rubanovich and the Nasha Zarya were mentioned.[1] Following the conference, the political journal Vorbote was established with Anton Pannekoek as editor. In the introduction to the first issue, Pannekoek called for an "uncompromising struggle" against social patriots as well as open imperialists, leading to the foundation of a Third International through breaking with social patriotism.[2]
Kienthal Conference, September 1916
Second Congress, 1920
Following the founding of the Communist International the 21 conditions adopted at the Second Congress (1920) stipulated:
- "6. Every party that wishes to belong to the Communist International is duty-bound to expose not only overt social patriotism but also the duplicity and hypocrisy of social pacifism; to explain systematically to the workers that without the revolutionary overthrow of capitalism, no international courts of arbitration, no treaties of any kind curtailing arms production, no manner of “democratic” renovation of the League of Nations will be able to prevent new imperialist wars."[3]
See also
- Kienthal Conference
- Revolutionary defeatism
- Social fascism
- Socialist patriotism
- World revolution
- Yellow socialism
References
- ↑ "International Socialist Conference at Zimmerwald". www.marxists.org. International Socialist Commission at Berne, Bulletin No. 2, p. 14, November 27, 1915;. Retrieved 3 January 2020.
- ↑ Gerber, John P. (1989). Anton Pannekoek and the Socialism of Workers' Self Emancipation, 1873-1960. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-0-7923-0274-2. Search this book on
- ↑ Minutes of Second Congress of the Communist International
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