Specific gravity

Specific Gravity (SG) is a special case of relative density.

It is defined as the ratio of the density of a given substance to the density of water (H₂O). Substances with a specific gravity greater than 1 are heavier than water, and those with a specific gravity of less than 1 are lighter than water.

$\text{SG}=\frac{{\rho }_{\mathrm{s}\mathrm{u}\mathrm{b}\mathrm{s}\mathrm{t}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{c}\mathrm{e}}}{{\rho }_{\mathrm{H}\mathrm{2}\mathrm{O}}}$

SG is by definition dimensionless and therefore not dependent on the system of units used (e.g. slugs/ft⁻³ or kg/m⁻³), assuming that the units are consistent. Based on the SG-value of a given substance, the density of that substance can be calculated.

Related pages

• Buoyancy
• Fluid mechanics
• Relative density

Other websites

• Specific Gravity Calculator Archived 2022-09-14 at the Wayback Machine

References

• Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics Wiley, B.R. Munson, D.F. Young & T.H. Okishi
• Introduction to Fluid Mechanics Fourth Edition, Wiley, SI Version, R.W. Fox & A.T. McDonald
• Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach Second Edition, McGraw-Hill, International Edition, Y.A. Cengel & M.A. Boles

This article "Specific gravity" is from Simple English Wikipedia. The list of its authors can be seen in its historical and/or the page Edithistory:Specific gravity.

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