Student Radio Zak of the Technical University of Lodz
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 radio headquarters | |
| City | Łódź |
|---|---|
| Broadcast area | Lodz Voivodeship |
| Frequency | 88.8 MHz (also on HD Radio) |
| First air date | 1959 |
| Language(s) | Polish |
| Owner | Lodz university of technology |
| Webcast | [1] |
| Website | www.zak.lodz.pl |
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Student Radio "Żak" of the Łódź University of Technology' - the oldest licensed academic radio station in Poland, broadcasting in Lodz and surrounding areas. The station's signal can be received on high frequency (88.8 MHz), as well as via Internet. The licensed broadcaster of the programme is Lodz University of Technology.[1]. Radio "Żak" is a member of the Polskie Rozgłośnie Akademickie[2]group.
The beginnings of "Żak" as a student radio station of the Lodz Technical University date back to 18 May 1959[3]. From working at "Żak", professional journalistic careers began with, among others: Wiktor Skrzydłowski, Andrzej Papajak, Adam Kołaciński, Marek Niedźwiecki, Janusz Deblessem, Janusz Graczyk, Tomasz Podwysocki, Marcin Pośpiech and Łukasz Walewski[4][5][6].
The Tape Library Radio Żak is one of the largest archives of student and tourist song in Poland[3].
Activities[edit]
"Żak" has a non-commercial character. The activity of the radio is financed and supported by the Technical University of Lodz, thanks to which the radio station is completely free of advertisements[3][4]. Work at Student Radio "Żak" is entirely voluntary[3][7]. Employees do not have to be students of any university[4]. None of the radio employees receive remuneration for their work[3][6].
The music on air at 'Zak' is, since its inception, broadly alternative music[5]. The morning and afternoon programmes and the daytime music band include. brit pop, indie rock, folk, reggae, ska and punk rock, while the author's evening programmes also feature metal, blues progressive rock, IDM, ambient, noise, avant-garde, student song and tourist song, as well as film music and contemporary music. "Żak" also broadcasts news programmes, aimed primarily at young people, mainly students.
In addition to broadcasting a 24-hour programme, the station organises and publicises concerts[6]. Some of them, intimate ones - with a few dozen selected participants as an audience - take place in the Radio's studio and are broadcast live. "Żak" also co-organises such events as Ogólnopolski Studencki Przegląd Piosenki Turystycznej "Yapa"[6], the concert "In the mountains there is everything I love", concerts inaugurating the academic year and many others. October 2007 also saw the first edition of the "Żak Festival", a several-day series of artistic events organised by the radio station.
Radio "Żak" has two recording studios and a concert hall[3]
Authorities[edit]
The highest authority of Radio "Żak" is the general assembly of employees, followed by the editorial college[6]. The general assembly of staff and candidates is convened quarterly by the editor-in-chief. Employees who are students of the Technical University of Lodz can vote at it on the issues of the Żak. In addition, any employee - including those from a university other than the Technical University of Łódź (i.e. those who do not have the right to vote) - and any candidate may present a free motion at the general assembly and take part in discussions. The editorial board, on the other hand, takes day-to-day decisions on the radio's activities. The college consists of the editor-in-chief and his deputies for programme, technical, music, information and promotion of the radio.
History[edit]
Student Radio "Żak" of the Technical University of Lodz started its activity probably[3] 18 May 1959[6][4]. It was then the organ of the Zrzeszenie Studentów Polskich[6]. The station was based in the 3rd Student House in the Academic Settlement of the Technical University of Łódź. At the time, it broadcast in the radio broadcasting system, initially covering only the III Student House[6][4]. - at the time, each dormitory had its own radio broadcasting studio.
1960s[edit]
One of the first employees of the radio station was Stanislaw Zak, but it is not from him that the radio[6] is named. He was the editor of this radio station in 1963. Radio Żak initially occupied one room[4]. An announcer with a microphone was organised in the washroom, covered with a blanket, over which hung a red light with the word "silence"[4]. The Amplification room was set up in a small room where radio equipment was gathered - including a mixer with three potentiometerss (one of which was out of order), which was very modern for the time. In the announcer's room one sat on a basket, covered with dicta for soundproofing.
In 1965, the radio broadcasting systems of DS I and II were joined, and a year later the radio broadcasting systems of the other dormitories standing on Polytechnic Avenue were also merged. In this way, Radio Żak covered the whole of the Łódź University of Technology[6] campus. It was also given the name Radio Studio "Żak"[6]. The headquarters were moved to new premises with one studio[6]. The new studio was called the "umbrella". Also in 1966 the students made the first mixing table of Radio Żak[6] with their own hands.
With the amalgamation of all the radio stations, the Radio Studio "Żak" became an important broadcasting centre for more than two thousand residents of the academic estate[6]. The programme was varied and included: wish concerts, discussions, reports, music, sports, cultural and literary programmes. There were also honours and awards for journalistic work. "Żak" was an enclave of student culture[4] and, operating with humour, satire and subtext, conveyed content that was subject to censorship[6] in general circulation.
The 1970s[edit]
The 1970s was a golden age for radio, which at the time (1970-72) had a record 102 contributors[6]. This was also the time of the radio ID card radio studio. The first pass with number 2 was given to Henryk Mucha, who began his career in Żak on 1 January 1970. Marek Niedźwiecki received a pass with number 8. He was admitted to Żak in November 1973. On 2 October 1975, he hosted the Student Chart for the first time.
In 1974, the radio station changed its name to Student Radio "Żak"[6]. The same year also saw the organisation of the first edition of the Ogólnopolski Studenckiego Przegląd Piosenki Turystycznej "Yapa", of which Żak was already a co-organiser[6]. In addition to "Yapa", the radio engineers were also involved in the preparation of other cultural events on the Łódź University of Technology Estate: Juwenalia[6], concerts, the "Students for Children" campaign, the "Morda" Student Creativity Review, the "Apsik" Cabaret Song Review and many others. The training sessions organised in the early years of the Radio were joined by common Christmas Eve parties, New Year's Eve parties, holiday trips on cruises, in the mountains[6]. Also, the reunions of all the Zakak people organised every five years are a tradition[6].
1980s[edit]
21 January 1981 saw the start of a Lodz University of Technology occupational strike[6]. At that time, the student radio "Żak" became the polytechnic information centre of the University of Lodz, where talks with government representatives took place[6]. It was in "Żak" that the song "Górski, Górski, miły bracie" - famous during the Łódź strike - was written by Tomasz Podwysocki (the Chief of "Żak" at the time), Włodzimierz Polis, Tomasz Plich and other radio journalists, and performed by Olek Grotowski.
On 13 December 1981, Martial Law was imposed throughout the People's Republic of Poland. Classes were suspended in schools and universities. The activities of all academic broadcasting stations were also closed down[6]. In most cases, this was done quite violently, to the detriment of the contents of the radio broadcasting tapes[6]. The academics - alerted by friendly radio stations - managed to use the sub-floor crevices and speaker voids to salvage a lot of documentary material[6].
The relaunch of the radio station was not without its problems. "Żak" was assigned a supervisor by the authorities, who was to oversee the substantive content of the programmes. A Programme Council was also set up, which played the role of censor[6]. Due to the lack of agreement with the authorities of the Technical University of Lodz, on 29 January 1986 the staff of the radio station decided to suspend its activities[6]. It was resumed after a compromise was reached with the university authorities in March 1986[6].
The 1980s were full of awards brought back from various competitions and exchanges. In the field of reportage, "Żak" radio hosts received, among others, the 1st place in Toruń for Adam Kołaciński and Tomasz Ciecieręga for a report on Pomarańczowa Alternatywa entitled "Zomo never fails". In the field of poetry broadcasts, the Szczecin competition "Przestwór" awarded first prize to Bogusław Potońc for his one-act play "What? Where?" and third prize for Mariola Andrzejczak's "Untitled Story", while Jacek Mikołajczyk and Tomasz Plich received prizes for their columns. Marek Sztandera won second prizes twice, year after year, in Wrocław for his music programmes "Rock cadres" and "Small is beautiful".
The programme would then start at 22:00 - ending after midnight or at 01:00, but there were numerous extensions. Once a record of 125 hours was broken - each listener call extended the programme by 15 minutes.
The 1990s and beyond[edit]
The station survived the political changes that took place in Poland after 1989. Many of the student organisations of the time changed policy, became commercialised and ceased to exist. "Żak" - thanks, among other things, to the support of the Łódź University of Technology - was able to maintain its original form.
On 1 October 1996, Student Radio "Żak" started broadcasting on the frequency 88.8 MHz[4][6]. Initially with a four[6] or six-hour[4] programme, gradually increasing the number of hours to a whole day, which occurred on 1 October 2005[4][6].
Radio reception[edit]
The Żak student radio broadcasts analogue on VHF waves, covering the entire city of Łódź, as well as several neighboring cities. It also broadcasts online.
| Transmitter location | Frequency | Power transmitter (ERP) |
Polarization |
|---|---|---|---|
| Łódź, VII Dormitories of Lodz University of Technology[8] | 88.8 MHz[8] | 0.4 kW[8] | vertical[8] |
In addition, the station can be received in the Lodz cable TV network Toya on the frequency of 89.2 MHz and in the Lodz cable TV network RET-SAT1 on the frequency of 88.35 MHz[9]
References[edit]
- ↑ "Strona główna - Krajowa Rada Radiofonii i Telewizji - Portal Gov.pl". Krajowa Rada Radiofonii i Telewizji (in polski). Retrieved 2023-08-11.
- ↑ "PRA". www.zak.lodz.pl. Retrieved 2023-08-11.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 "Radio Łódź: 60th anniversary of Student Radio Żak PŁ. Radio Łódź SA, 2019-05-16.legit".
- ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 Agata Kupracz (11 May 2017). "Lodz University of Technology. Radio Żak turns 58 and invites to the party". wyborcza.pl: Łódź. Agora SA. Retrieved 2021-01-03.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Anna Kaznodziej, Marta Pokorska (May 2009). Patronizing: 50 years of Student Radio Żak. Kino Charlie (Łódź). Retrieved 2021-01-04. Search this book on
- ↑ 6.00 6.01 6.02 6.03 6.04 6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08 6.09 6.10 6.11 6.12 6.13 6.14 6.15 6.16 6.17 6.18 6.19 6.20 6.21 6.22 6.23 6.24 6.25 6.26 6.27 6.28 6.29 6.30 6.31 "Historia". www.zak.lodz.pl. Retrieved 2023-08-11.
- ↑ "O nas". www.zak.lodz.pl. Retrieved 2023-08-11.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 "RadioPolska • Program | Studenckie Radio Żak". radiopolska.pl. Retrieved 2023-08-11.
- ↑ "Live". www.zak.lodz.pl. Retrieved 2023-08-11.
Bibliography[edit]
- The text used was "40 years have passed..." (a report by Mariola Andrzejczak written in 1999 on the occasion of the 40th birthday of "Żak"), and information from the radio station's website with the permission of the authors.
External links[edit]
- Student Radio "Żak" - official website.
- Student Radio "Zak" - old official website
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