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Surface Guided Radiation Therapy

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Surface Guided Radiation Therapy (SGRT) is a non-invasive method for positioning radiation therapy patients, based on surface reconstruction using optical 3D imaging.[1] From early publications in 2003[2], it is now becoming a routine tool for patient positioning in many radiation therapy clinics[3].

SGRT enables a reduction of initial setup variability, provides verification of patient position continuously during treatment, and provides surface information for use in gated and breath-hold treatment techniques, all of which can permit reductions in the margins required to account for target localization uncertainty[4]. Additionally, surface imaging enables immobilization techniques that give greater comfort to patients, a reduction in imaging dose through reduced radiographic localization requirements, and improvements to the speed, efficiency, and safety of clinical workflows[4].

Specific applications for SGRT include treatment of locations including lung[5], breast[6], (including heart-sparing treatments[7]), brain (including stereotactic treatments)[8], pelvis[9], and extremities[10].

SGRT in breast radiotherapy.

Darby et al 2013, showed that treating breast cancer with radiotherapy results in an increase of major coronary effects in the following years for the surviving women[11] limiting radiation exposure to healthy vital organs. [12] Research indicates around three-quarters of patients with left-breast cancer have better radiation dose distribution if DIBH is used.[13]

DIBH with SGRT involves the method of free-breathing breath-hold, while optical technology tracks the skin surface position of breath-hold to determine when the patient has moved into the correct position. This has been shown to be accurate[14] and reproducible[15].

Research suggests that the use of SGRT for monitoring DIBH is successful in reducing or eliminating radiation damage to the heart.[16]

SGRT as a substitute for patient tattoos / marks

Radiation therapy tattoos are often used for treatment localization and may have long-term psychological impact on some patients[17]. SGRT has been studied as a potential means to avoid marks or permanent tattoos for localization of radiation therapy, delivering equivalent or better accuracy versus the older techniques[18] [19] reduced time requirements[20] [21] and reduced use of X-ray imaging.[21] Some radiation therapy treatment centers now offer “tattooless” treatment[22] through the use of SGRT.

SGRT in Stereotactic Radiosurgery / Radiotherapy (SRS)

After initial localization with IGRT, SGRT technology uses the visible portion of the patient’s surface (face) to track patient motion throughout treatment. The accuracy of this technique has been found to be sufficient for stereotactic treatments[23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. This technique is reported to have greater patient comfort with clinical outcomes comparable to those with conventional frame-based and frameless stereotactic radiosurgery techniques[31][32], Additionally, a recent study suggests that SGRT can be used in place of scheduled mid-treatment X-ray based localisation.[33]

SGRT-assisted SBRT (stereotactic body radiation therapy)

SBRT requires high positioning accuracy and monitoring and SGRT has been shown to provide a reliable real-time, non-invasive and non-ionizing option to monitor the patient continuously with high accuracy and precision.[34]

SGRT in Sarcoma treatment

Owing to their mobility, positioning limbs for treatment can be difficult, necessitating large treatment margins[35]. Whilst soft-tissue sarcomas are relatively rare, they are challenging for setup. Published data suggests that SGRT improves the setup accuracy.[36]

For radiation therapy in children, SGRT offers additional information to correct patient positioning errors before pre-treatment X-Ray[37] and has reduced the need for anaesthesia. [38]

External Links

The SGRT Community (

Vision RT (SGRT systems manufacturer)

C-Rad (SGRT systems manufacturer)

Varian Identify (SGRT systems manufacturer)

References


This article "Surface Guided Radiation Therapy" is from Wikipedia. The list of its authors can be seen in its historical and/or the page Edithistory:Surface Guided Radiation Therapy. Articles copied from Draft Namespace on Wikipedia could be seen on the Draft Namespace of Wikipedia and not main one.

  1. Sarmadi, Hamid; Muñoz-Salinas, Rafael; Álvaro Berbís, M.; Luna, Antonio; Medina-Carnicer, R. (October 2019). "3D Reconstruction and alignment by consumer RGB-D sensors and fiducial planar markers for patient positioning in radiation therapy". Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine. 180: 105004. arXiv:2103.12162. doi:10.1016/j.cmpb.2019.105004. PMID 31421609. Unknown parameter |s2cid= ignored (help)
  2. Smith, N; Meir, I; Hale, G; Howe, R; Johnson, L; Edwards, P; Hawkes, D; Bidmead, M; Landau, D (October 2003). "Real-time 3D surface imaging for patient positioning in radiotherapy". International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics. 57 (2): S187. doi:10.1016/s0360-3016(03)00982-9. ISSN 0360-3016.
  3. Batista, Vania; Meyer, Juergen; Kügele, Malin; Al-Hallaq, Hania (December 2020). "Clinical paradigms and challenges in surface guided radiation therapy: Where do we go from here?". Radiotherapy and Oncology. 153: 34–42. doi:10.1016/j.radonc.2020.09.041. PMID 32987044 Check |pmid= value (help).
  4. 4.0 4.1 Hoisak, Jeremy D.P.; Pawlicki, Todd (July 2018). "The Role of Optical Surface Imaging Systems in Radiation Therapy". Seminars in Radiation Oncology. 28 (3): 185–193. doi:10.1016/j.semradonc.2018.02.003. PMID 29933878.
  5. Heinzerling, John H.; Hampton, Carnell J.; Robinson, Myra; Bright, Megan; Moeller, Benjamin J; Ruiz, Justin; Prabhu, Roshan; Burri, Stuart H.; Foster, Ryan D. (May 2020). "Use of surface‐guided radiation therapy in combination with IGRT for setup and intrafraction motion monitoring during stereotactic body radiation therapy treatments of the lung and abdomen". Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics. 21 (5): 48–55. doi:10.1002/acm2.12852. ISSN 1526-9914. PMC 7286017 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 32196944 Check |pmid= value (help).
  6. Bert, Christoph; Metheany, Katherine G.; Doppke, Karen P.; Taghian, Alphonse G.; Powell, Simon N.; Chen, George T.Y. (March 2006). "Clinical experience with a 3D surface patient setup system for alignment of partial-breast irradiation patients". International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics. 64 (4): 1265–1274. doi:10.1016/j.ijrobp.2005.11.008. ISSN 0360-3016. PMID 16504764.
  7. Cerviño, Laura I; Gupta, Sonia; Rose, Mary A; Yashar, Catheryn; Jiang, Steve B (2009-10-28). "Using surface imaging and visual coaching to improve the reproducibility and stability of deep-inspiration breath hold for left-breast-cancer radiotherapy". Physics in Medicine and Biology. 54 (22): 6853–6865. Bibcode:2009PMB....54.6853C. doi:10.1088/0031-9155/54/22/007. ISSN 0031-9155. PMID 19864703.
  8. Pan, Hubert; Cerviño, Laura I.; Pawlicki, Todd; Jiang, Steve B.; Alksne, John; Detorie, Nicole; Russell, Michelle; Carter, Bob S.; Murphy, Kevin T.; Mundt, Arno J.; Chen, Clark (2012-06-15). "Frameless, Real-Time, Surface Imaging-Guided Radiosurgery". Neurosurgery. 71 (4): 844–852. doi:10.1227/neu.0b013e3182647ad5. ISSN 1524-4040. PMID 22989959.
  9. Apicella, Giuseppina; Loi, Gianfranco; Torrente, Sara; Crespi, Silvia; Beldì, Debora; Brambilla, Marco; Krengli, Marco (2016-06-14). "Three-dimensional surface imaging for detection of intra-fraction setup variations during radiotherapy of pelvic tumors". La Radiologia Medica. 121 (10): 805–810. doi:10.1007/s11547-016-0659-9. ISSN 0033-8362. PMID 27300649. Unknown parameter |s2cid= ignored (help)
  10. Gierga, David P.; Turcotte, Julie C.; Tong, Long W.; Chen, Yen-Lin E.; DeLaney, Thomas F. (July 2014). "Analysis of setup uncertainties for extremity sarcoma patients using surface imaging". Practical Radiation Oncology. 4 (4): 261–266. doi:10.1016/j.prro.2013.09.001. ISSN 1879-8500. PMID 25012835.
  11. Darby, Sarah C.; Ewertz, Marianne; McGale, Paul; Bennet, Anna M.; Blom-Goldman, Ulla; Brønnum, Dorthe; Correa, Candace; Cutter, David; Gagliardi, Giovanna; Gigante, Bruna; Jensen, Maj-Britt (2013-03-14). "Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease in Women after Radiotherapy for Breast Cancer". New England Journal of Medicine. 368 (11): 987–998. doi:10.1056/nejmoa1209825. ISSN 0028-4793. PMID 23484825.
  12. Sixel, Katharina E; Aznar, Marianne C; Ung, Yee C (January 2001). "Deep inspiration breath hold to reduce irradiated heart volume in breast cancer patients". International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics. 49 (1): 199–204. doi:10.1016/S0360-3016(00)01455-3. PMID 11163515.
  13. Rochet, Nathalie; Drake, Julie I.; Harrington, Kyla; Wolfgang, John A.; Napolitano, Brian; Sadek, Betro T.; Shenouda, Mina N.; Keruakous, Amany R.; Niemierko, Andrzej; Taghian, Alphonse G. (May 2015). "Deep inspiration breath-hold technique in left-sided breast cancer radiation therapy: Evaluating cardiac contact distance as a predictor of cardiac exposure for patient selection". Practical Radiation Oncology. 5 (3): e127–e134. doi:10.1016/j.prro.2014.08.003. ISSN 1879-8500. PMID 25413399.
  14. Gierga, David P.; Turcotte, Julie C.; Sharp, Gregory C.; Sedlacek, Daniel E.; Cotter, Christopher R.; Taghian, Alphonse G. (December 2012). "A Voluntary Breath-Hold Treatment Technique for the Left Breast With Unfavorable Cardiac Anatomy Using Surface Imaging". International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics. 84 (5): e663–e668. doi:10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.07.2379. PMID 22975605.
  15. Tang, Xiaoli; Zagar, Timothy M.; Bair, Eric; Jones, Ellen L.; Fried, David; Zhang, Longzhen; Tracton, Gregg; Xu, Zijie; Leach, Traci; Chang, Sha; Marks, Lawrence B. (May 2014). "Clinical experience with 3-dimensional surface matching-based deep inspiration breath hold for left-sided breast cancer radiation therapy". Practical Radiation Oncology. 4 (3): e151–e158. doi:10.1016/j.prro.2013.05.004. ISSN 1879-8500. PMID 24766689.
  16. Zagar, Timothy M.; Kaidar-Person, Orit; Tang, Xiaoli; Jones, Ellen E.; Matney, Jason; Das, Shiva K.; Green, Rebecca L.; Sheikh, Arif; Khandani, Amir H.; McCartney, William H.; Oldan, Jorge Daniel (April 2017). "Utility of Deep Inspiration Breath Hold for Left-Sided Breast Radiation Therapy in Preventing Early Cardiac Perfusion Defects: A Prospective Study". International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics. 97 (5): 903–909. doi:10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.12.017. ISSN 0360-3016. PMID 28333011.
  17. Moser, Torsten; Creed, Menna; Walker, Robyn; Meier, Gernot (February 2020). "Radiotherapy tattoos: Women's skin as a carrier of personal memory—What do we cause by tattooing our patients?". The Breast Journal. 26 (2): 316–318. doi:10.1111/tbj.13591. ISSN 1075-122X. PMC 7065023 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 31524308.
  18. Stanley, Dennis N.; McConnell, Kristen A.; Kirby, Neil; Gutiérrez, Alonso N.; Papanikolaou, Nikos; Rasmussen, Karl (2017-09-13). "Comparison of initial patient setup accuracy between surface imaging and three point localization: A retrospective analysis". Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics. 18 (6): 58–61. doi:10.1002/acm2.12183. ISSN 1526-9914. PMC 5689923. PMID 28901684. Unknown parameter |s2cid= ignored (help)
  19. Jimenez, Rachel B.; Batin, Estelle; Giantsoudi, Drosoula; Hazeltine, William; Bertolino, Kendell; Ho, Alice Y.; MacDonald, Shannon M.; Taghian, Alphonse G.; Gierga, David P. (April 2019). "Tattoo free setup for partial breast irradiation: A feasibility study". Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics. 20 (4): 45–50. doi:10.1002/acm2.12557. ISSN 1526-9914. PMC 6448163. PMID 30945803.
  20. O' Connor, M; Sansourekidou, P (2014-05-29). "SU-E-J-16: A Review of the Magnitude of Patient Imaging Shifts in Relation to Departmental Policy Changes". Medical Physics. 41 (6Part6): 158. Bibcode:2014MedPh..41..158O. doi:10.1118/1.4888067. ISSN 0094-2405.
  21. 21.0 21.1 Wiant, D; Pursley, J; Sintay, B (June 2012). "SU-D-213CD-02: The Accuracy of AlignRT Guided Set-Up for Whole Breast and Chestwall Irradiation". Medical Physics. 39 (6Part3): 3617–3618. Bibcode:2012MedPh..39.3617W. doi:10.1118/1.4734687. ISSN 0094-2405. PMID 28517414.
  22. "Surface Guided Radiation Therapy | SGRT". GenesisCare. Retrieved 2021-01-26.
  23. Mancosu, Pietro; Fogliata, Antonella; Stravato, Antonella; Tomatis, Stefano; Cozzi, Luca; Scorsetti, Marta (22/2016). "Accuracy evaluation of the optical surface monitoring system on EDGE linear accelerator in a phantom study". Medical Dosimetry. 41 (2): 173–179. doi:10.1016/j.meddos.2015.12.003. PMID 26994827. Check date values in: |date= (help)
  24. Li, G; Ballangrud, A; Kuo, L; Kang, H; Kirov, A; Lovelock, D; Yamada, Y; Mechalakos, J; Amols, H (June 2011). "MO-D-BRB-10: Optical Surface Imaging for Online Rotation Correction and Real-Time Motion Monitoring with Threshold Gating for Frameless Cranial Stereotactic Radiosurgery". Medical Physics. 38 (6Part26): 3711. Bibcode:2011MedPh..38.3711L. doi:10.1118/1.3612963. ISSN 0094-2405.
  25. Li, Guang; Ballangrud, Åse; Kuo, Li Cheng; Kang, Hyejoo; Kirov, Assen; Lovelock, Michael; Yamada, Yoshiya; Mechalakos, James; Amols, Howard (2011-06-20). "Motion monitoring for cranial frameless stereotactic radiosurgery using video-based three-dimensional optical surface imaging". Medical Physics. 38 (7): 3981–3994. Bibcode:2011MedPh..38.3981L. doi:10.1118/1.3596526. ISSN 0094-2405. PMID 21858995.
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  27. Lau, Steven K. M.; Zakeri, Kaveh; Zhao, Xiao; Carmona, Ruben; Knipprath, Erik; Simpson, Daniel R.; Nath, Sameer K.; Kim, Gwe-Ya; Sanghvi, Parag; Hattangadi-Gluth, Jona A.; Chen, Clark C. (2015-04-07). "Single-Isocenter Frameless Volumetric Modulated Arc Radiosurgery for Multiple Intracranial Metastases". Neurosurgery. 77 (2): 233–240. doi:10.1227/neu.0000000000000763. ISSN 0148-396X. PMC 4506233. PMID 25856109.
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  29. Baker, Bobby C; Sullivan, Thomas A (2013-09-16). "Trigeminal Rhizotomy Performed with Modern Image-guided Linac: Case Report". Cureus. 5 (9). doi:10.7759/cureus.139. ISSN 2168-8184.
  30. Peng, Jean L.; Kahler, Darren; Li, Jonathan G.; Samant, Sanjiv; Yan, Guanghua; Amdur, Robert; Liu, Chihray (2010-09-28). "Characterization of a real-time surface image-guided stereotactic positioning system". Medical Physics. 37 (10): 5421–5433. Bibcode:2010MedPh..37.5421P. doi:10.1118/1.3483783. ISSN 0094-2405. PMID 21089778.
  31. Pham, N.L.; Reddy, P.V.; Murphy, J.D.; Sanghvi, P.; Hattangadi, J.A.; Kim, G.Y.; Cervino, L.I.; Pawlicki, T.; Murphy, K.T. (November 2015). "Frameless, Real Time, Surface Imaging Guided Radiosurgery: Clinical Outcomes for Brain Metastases". International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics. 93 (3): E105. doi:10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.07.815. ISSN 0360-3016.
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  33. Covington, Elizabeth L.; Stanley, Dennis N.; Fiveash, John B.; Thomas, Evan M.; Marcrom, Samuel R.; Bredel, Marcus; Willey, Christopher D.; Riley, Kristen O.; Popple, Richard A. (December 2020). "Surface guided imaging during stereotactic radiosurgery with automated delivery". Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics. 21 (12): 90–95. doi:10.1002/acm2.13066. ISSN 1526-9914. PMC 7769383 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 33095971 Check |pmid= value (help).
  34. Heinzerling, John H.; Hampton, Carnell J.; Robinson, Myra; Bright, Megan; Moeller, Benjamin J; Ruiz, Justin; Prabhu, Roshan; Burri, Stuart H.; Foster, Ryan D. (May 2020). "Use of surface‐guided radiation therapy in combination with IGRT for setup and intrafraction motion monitoring during stereotactic body radiation therapy treatments of the lung and abdomen". Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics. 21 (5): 48–55. doi:10.1002/acm2.12852. ISSN 1526-9914. PMC 7286017 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 32196944 Check |pmid= value (help).
  35. Hoisak, Jeremy D.P.; Pawlicki, Todd (July 2018). "The Role of Optical Surface Imaging Systems in Radiation Therapy". Seminars in Radiation Oncology. 28 (3): 185–193. doi:10.1016/j.semradonc.2018.02.003. ISSN 1053-4296. PMID 29933878.
  36. Gierga, David P.; Turcotte, Julie C.; Tong, Long W.; Chen, Yen-Lin E.; DeLaney, Thomas F. (July 2014). "Analysis of setup uncertainties for extremity sarcoma patients using surface imaging". Practical Radiation Oncology. 4 (4): 261–266. doi:10.1016/j.prro.2013.09.001. PMID 25012835.
  37. Sueyoshi, Mark; Olch, Arthur J.; Liu, Kevin X.; Chlebik, Alisha; Clark, Desirae; Wong, Kenneth K. (January 2019). "Eliminating Daily Shifts, Tattoos, and Skin Marks: Streamlining Isocenter Localization With Treatment Plan Embedded Couch Values for External Beam Radiation Therapy". Practical Radiation Oncology. 9 (1): e110–e117. doi:10.1016/j.prro.2018.08.011. PMID 30355524.
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