Systemic problem
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Systemic problems are usually defined as issues that are embedded in and/or perpetuated by the structure of a system. They often cannot be fully addressed by any singular person's individual action. Different academic fields have differing definitions of the concept. The concept is prevalent in public policy and sociology.[1][2][3][4]
References
- ↑ Geyer, Robert; Cairney, Paul, eds. (2015-05-29). Handbook on Complexity and Public Policy. Edward Elgar Publishing. doi:10.4337/9781782549529. ISBN 978-1-78254-952-9. Search this book on
- ↑ Perrow, Charles (1999). Normal Accidents: Living with High Risk Technologies - Updated Edition (REV - Revised ed.). Princeton University Press. Search this book on
- ↑ Ackoff, Russell L. (1979). "The Future of Operational Research is Past". The Journal of the Operational Research Society. 30 (2): 93–104. doi:10.2307/3009290. ISSN 0160-5682.
- ↑ Wieczorek, Anna J.; Hekkert, Marko P. (2012-02-01). "Systemic instruments for systemic innovation problems: A framework for policy makers and innovation scholars". Science and Public Policy. 39 (1): 74–87. doi:10.1093/scipol/scr008. ISSN 0302-3427.
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