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International Phonetic Alphabet (chart)

IPA topics

IPA	International Phonetic Association History of the IPA Extensions to the IPA (extIPA) Voice Quality Symbols (VoQS) Journal of the IPA (JIPA)
Special topics	Cursive forms Case variants Obsolete and nonstandard symbols Naming conventions IPA chart for English dialects World Orthography
Encodings	SAMPA X-SAMPA Kirshenbaum Worldbet TIPA Phonetic symbols in Unicode IPA Braille

Pulmonic consonants

Place →	Labial					Coronal										Dorsal					Laryngeal
Manner ↓	Bilabial		Labiodental		Linguolabial		Dental		Alveolar		Postalveolar		Retroflex		Palatal		Velar		Uvular		Pharyngeal/epiglottal		Glottal
Nasal	m̥	m		ɱ		n̼			n̥	n			ɳ̊	ɳ	ɲ̊	ɲ	ŋ̊	ŋ		ɴ
Stop	p	b	p̪	b̪	t̼	d̼			t	d			ʈ	ɖ	c	ɟ	k	ɡ	q	ɢ	ʡ		ʔ
Sibilant affricate									ts	dz	t̠ʃ	d̠ʒ	ʈʂ	ɖʐ	tɕ	dʑ
Non-sibilant affricate	pɸ	bβ	p̪f	b̪v			t̪θ	d̪ð	tɹ̝̊	dɹ̝	t̠ɹ̠̊˔	d̠ɹ̠˔			cç	ɟʝ	kx	ɡɣ	qχ			ʡʢ	ʔh
Sibilant fricative									s	z	ʃ	ʒ	ʂ	ʐ	ɕ	ʑ
Non-sibilant fricative	ɸ	β	f	v	θ̼	ð̼	θ	ð	θ̠	ð̠	ɹ̠̊˔	ɹ̠˔		ɻ˔	ç	ʝ	x	ɣ	χ	ʁ	ħ	ʕ	h	ɦ
Approximant			ʋ̥	ʋ					ɹ̥	ɹ			ɻ̊	ɻ	j̊	j	ɰ̊	ɰ						ʔ̞
Tap/flap		ⱱ̟		ⱱ		ɾ̼			ɾ̥	ɾ			ɽ̊	ɽ						ɢ̆		ʡ̆
Trill	ʙ̥	ʙ							r̥	r									ʀ̥	ʀ	ʜ	ʢ
Lateral affricate									tɬ	dɮ			ʈɭ̊˔		cʎ̝̊		kʟ̝̊	ɡʟ̝
Lateral fricative									ɬ	ɮ			ɭ̊˔	ɭ˔	ʎ̝̊	ʎ̝	ʟ̝̊	ʟ̝
Lateral approximant									l̥	l			ɭ̊	ɭ	ʎ̥	ʎ	ʟ̥	ʟ		ʟ̠
Lateral tap/flap										ɺ				ɭ̆		ʎ̆		ʟ̆

Symbols to the right in a cell are voiced, to the left are voiceless. Shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible.

Non-pulmonic consonants

		BL	LD	D	A	PA	RF	P	V	U	EG
Ejective	Stop	pʼ			tʼ		ʈʼ	cʼ	kʼ	qʼ	ʡʼ
	Affricate			t̪θʼ	tsʼ	t̠ʃʼ	ʈʂʼ		kxʼ	qχʼ
	Fricative	ɸʼ	fʼ	θʼ	sʼ	ʃʼ	ʂʼ	ɕʼ	xʼ	χʼ
	Lateral affricate				tɬʼ			cʎ̝̊ʼ	kʟ̝̊ʼ
	Lateral fricative				ɬʼ
Click	Tenuis	ʘ		ǀ	ǃ		‼	ǂ	ʞ
	Voiced	ʘ̬		ǀ̬	ǃ̬		‼̬	ǂ̬
	Nasal	ʘ̃		ǀ̃	ǃ̃		‼̃	ǂ̃
	Tenuis lateral				ǁ
	Voiced lateral				ǁ̬
Implosive	Voiced	ɓ			ɗ		ᶑ	ʄ	ɠ	ʛ
Implosive	Voiceless	ɓ̥			ɗ̥		ᶑ̥	ʄ̥	ɠ̊	ʛ̥

Co-articulated consonants

n͡m

Labial–alveolar

t͡p

d͡b

Labial–alveolar

Labial–velar

q͡ʡ

Uvular–epiglottal

ɧ

Sj-sound (variable)

Labial–palatal

Labial–velar

Lateral approximant

Velarized alveolar

Nasal approximant

Palatal

Labial–velar

Glottal

Page Template:IPA vowels/styles.css must have content model "Sanitized CSS" for TemplateStyles (current model is "plain text").

	Front	Central	Back
Close	i y	ɨ ʉ	ɯ u
Near-close	ɪ ʏ	ɨ̞ ʉ̞	ɯ̞ ʊ
Close-mid	e ø	ɘ ɵ	ɤ o
Mid	e̞ ø̞	ə	ɤ̞ o̞
Open-mid	ɛ œ	ɜ ɞ	ʌ ɔ
Near-open	æ	ɐ
Open	a ɶ	ä ɒ̈	ɑ ɒ

Paired vowels are: unrounded • rounded

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