Temporal Bisection
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Temporal bisection (or Temporal Discrimination) is one of the long-used procedures to study the perception of time through a psychometric function.[1]. In the standard format of this procedure, subjects learn to discriminate two durations, called anchor durations, as “Short” or “Long” and then are tested by novel durations between (often called intermediate) or even beyond (often called out-of-range) the anchor durations. Two sets of parameters can be defined in this task: intrinsic and extrinsic. Intrinsic parameters are without considering the experimental population or setting, as opposed to extrinsic parameters that are defined only by considering the experimental population or setting. For example, range of anchor durations, spacing of the test durations, reinforcement policy and so on are intrinsic parameters while different treatments, stimulus modality, subject populations, priming, or experimental settings are considered as extrinsic parameters.
One of the most common measures in this procedure is “Temporal Indifference Point,” (TIP), which is defined as an intermediate duration to which subjects are indifferent or classify as “Short” or “Long” with equal probability. The location of TIP is a direct representation of subjective perception of time in subjects and is affected by both intrinsic and extrinsic parameters. For example, logarithmic spacing of test durations (i.e. intrinsic parameter) shifts the location of TIP to the left as compared to linear spacing[2] and the location of TIP in Parkinson's disease patients shifts to the right as compared to the control population[3]. In recent decades, the relationship between the individual intrinsic parameters of this procedure and the location of the TIP has been widely investigated experimentally[4][5] [6]
One of the major debates in temporal bisection is the gap between human and animal temporal bisection literature and theoretical explanations about the location of TIP. The location of TIP in human subjects is consistently shown to be closer to the Arithmetic Mean of anchor durations while in animal subjects it is closer to the Geometric Mean of anchor durations; explanations for this discrepancy are highly debatable [7]
References
- ↑ Cowles, John T.; Finan, John L. (1941-04-01). "An Improved Method for Establishing Temporal Discrimination in White Rats". The Journal of Psychology. 11 (2): 335–342. doi:10.1080/00223980.1941.9917040. ISSN 0022-3980.
- ↑ Wearden, J. H.; Ferrara, A. (1995-11-01). "Stimulus Spacing Effects in Temporal Bisection by Humans". The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section B. 48 (4): 289–310. doi:10.1080/14640749508401454 (inactive 2020-09-10). ISSN 0272-4995. PMID 8532899.
- ↑ Mioni, Giovanna; Grondin, Simon; Meligrana, Lucia; Perini, Francesco; Bartolomei, Luigi; Stablum, Franca (2018-02-07). "Effects of happy and sad facial expressions on the perception of time in Parkinson's disease patients with mild cognitive impairment". Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology. 40 (2): 123–138. doi:10.1080/13803395.2017.1324021. ISSN 1380-3395. PMID 28532288. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ Reynolds, G. S.; Catania, A. Charles (1962-01-26). "Temporal Discrimination in Pigeons". Science. 135 (3500): 314–315. Bibcode:1962Sci...135..314R. doi:10.1126/science.135.3500.314. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 14491708. Unknown parameter
|s2cid=ignored (help) - ↑ Stubbs, D. Alan (1976). "Response Bias and the Discrimination of Stimulus Duration1". Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior. 25 (2): 243–250. doi:10.1901/jeab.1976.25-243. ISSN 1938-3711. PMC 1333456. PMID 16811908.
- ↑ "PsycNET". psycnet.apa.org. Retrieved 2019-12-10.
- ↑ Kopec, Charles D.; Brody, Carlos D. (2010-12-01). "Human performance on the temporal bisection task". Brain and Cognition. 74 (3): 262–272. doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2010.08.006. ISSN 0278-2626. PMC 3034315. PMID 20846774.
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