Thomas Davatz
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| Thomas Davatz | |
|---|---|
 Thomas_davatz_01.jpg Thomas Davatz, about 1880 | |
| Born | 1815 Fanas |
| 💀Died | 1888 Landquart1888 |
| 🏳️ Nationality | Swiss |
| 💼 Occupation | teacher, colonist |
| Known for | revolt in Ibicaba |
| Notable work | Report on the explotation of european colonists for revealing the emigration propaganda in Europe |
Thomas Davatz, (1815 in Fanas, Switzerland - 1888 in Landquart, Switzerland) was a Swiss teacher who in 1855 led a group of Swiss emigrants with their families to the coffee plantation Ibicaba of Senator Nicolau Pereira de Campos Vergueiro in the province of São Paulo and settled there in July 1855 as settlers on a sharecropping system. There was great hardship in their European homeland due to crop failures. The slave trade was internationally sanctioned. Therefore, Senator Vergueiro had conceived a new sharecropping system. Instead of African slaves, he looked for European workers and tried out the new labour relationship with them. This led to conflicts; the emigrants around Davatz campaigned non-violently for the contractually guaranteed rights. In 1858 Davatz wrote a report on their living situation. This account had consequences for German and Swiss emigration policy and was used as an important source by Brazilian and European historical research and translated into Portuguese.[1]
Biography[edit]
Thomas Davatz was the eldest child of Christian and Margreth Davatz, born Janett, from Fideris in the canton of Grisons in Switzerland. The Protestant family lived from farming on a small farm of just over half a hectare. Together with his younger sister Luzia, Thomas grew up in Fanas, where he attended the village school. Even at a young age he was troubled by a „chest complaint“, probably brochial asthma. After finishing the winter school at the top of his class, Davatz took over the lower school in Fideris in the winters of 1834-36, initially as a substitute for his sick cousin. On the recommendation of the pastor of Fideris, Davatz attended the seminary for teachers of the poor at Beuggen Castle near Säckingen in the spring of 1835, where he trained as a teacher in three years.[2] Here he developed a formative relationship with the director Christian Heinrich Zeller and his family.[3] Davatz subsequently worked as a teacher in Fideris and Malans. On 6 September 1840 he married Katharina Auer from Fideris. In the summer of 1842 he underwent a cure for his bronchial asthma at the spa in Fideris; he had to give up teaching in the autumn. The family of three moved to Fanas to live with his single grandparents. During this time another child was born. For two winters Davatz ran the secondary school in Fanas, at times he served as vice-president of the Fanas school board and was a member of the district court as well as clerk of the municipal council and member of the poor commission.[4] Davatz was also a member of the local council.
Literature[edit]
- Thomas Davatz (1858): Die Behandlung der Kolonisten in der Provinz St. Paulo in Brasilien und deren Erhebung gegen ihre Bedrücker. Chur: Leonh. Hitz (in German) Wikisource
- Memórias de um colono no Brasil (1850). Tradução, prefácio e notas de Sérgio Buarque de Holanda. Martins, São Paulo 1941. (Digitalisat in Internet Archive). – 2nd edition 1951.
- Beschreibung einer Reise von der Tardisbrücke Kt. Graubünden, Schweiz, bis nach Ybicaba, Provinz S. Paulo, Brasilien. In: Bündner Monatsblatt: Zeitschrift für Bündner Geschichte, Landeskunde und Baukultur. Jahrgang 1997, Heft 4, S. 362–300 (PDF).
External links[edit]
References[edit]
- ↑ Bundi, Martin (2005-03-15). "Thomas Davatz". Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz (HLS) (in Deutsch, français, and italiano). Retrieved 2021-03-09. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ Sylvan Davatz (2003): „Thomas Davatz. Bitterer Kaffee ― ein Bündner Lehrer in Brasilien“. Eva Dietrich, Roman Rossfeld and Béatrice Ziegler (eds), Baden: hier und jetzt, ISBN: 3-906419-61-4
- ↑ Thomas Davatz (1997). "Beschreibung einer Reise von der Tardisbrücke Kt. Graubünden, Schweiz, bis nach Ybicaba, Provinz S. Paulo, Brasilien" (PDF). Bündner Monatsblatt: Zeitschrift für Bündner Geschichte. Landeskunde und Baukultur. Verein für Bündner Kulturforschung. p. 267.
- ↑ Sylvan Davatz (2003): „Thomas Davatz. Bitterer Kaffee ― ein Bündner Lehrer in Brasilien“. Eva Dietrich, Roman Rossfeld and Béatrice Ziegler (eds), Baden: hier und jetzt, ISBN: 3-906419-61-4
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