Timeline of the Hundred Days Offensive
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The following is a timeline of the Hundred Days Offensive.
August[edit]
August 8: The Battle of Amiens begins at 4:20 AM in dense fog.[1][2] The battle starts the Entente Hundred Days Offensive. The British III Corps under Rawlinson's Fourth Army attack north of the Somme River while the Australians attack the south and the Canadian Corps to the south of the Australians. The French 1st Army begins its preliminary bombardment at the same time and attacked 45 minutes later, supported by 72 Whipppet tanks.[3]
August 9: The advance at Amiens continued without the spectacular results of the first day. The battle would be widened on the north and south of the original attack. The southern part would be called the Battle of Montdidier. Chipilly Spur, one of their objectives, was still in German hands. The job of taking it would go to three battalions from the 33rd U.S. Infantry Division[4][5][6]. Their attack would begin at 5:30 PM and despite heavy fire from Chipilly Ridge, the Americans kept advancing[7]. The city of Montdidier would be taken by the French at noon ending the battle of Montdidier.
August 10: There were signs of Germans pulling out of the salient from Operation Michael back to the Hindenburg Line[8]. After the Germans pulled out of Montdidier via the Montdidier-Andechy Road, the French began to advance further [9].
August 11: The Battle of Amiens ends.
August 13: The British drove 19 km (12 mi) into German positions even with lessened armor near Amiens[10]. Field Marshal Haig refused Marshal Foch's order to continue the offensive. Haig preferred a fresh offensive between the Ancre and the Scarpe[5].
August 15: General Mangin starts planning for an offensive which would soon become the Battle of the Ailette after noticing General der Infanterie von Eben's army is widely spread from Audignicourt to Morsain.
August 17: The Battle of the Ailette begins with an attack at 5:00 AM and seizes a position near Autrêches with the French 7th and 30th Army Corps[11].
August 18: At 6:00 PM, the advance continues. They assault 10 km (6 mi) of front and advance 2 km (1.2 mi). They have now approached von Eben's first line.
August 20: On the right during the Battle of the Ailette, north-west of Soissons, Tartiers is taken. In the center of the front they took Lombray and Blérancourdelle. On the left, the Germans retreat to Ourscamp.
August 21: The Second Battle of the Somme begins with the Battle of Albert[12]. The assault would then be widened by the French [13] and then further British forces. The second battle, Second Battle of Bapaume, would then begin on the same day to the north of the river itself. The battle at Bapaume would begin with an attack from two batallions of the New Zealand Rifle Brigade[14]. At Ailette, with the support of tanks, Cuts is captured, lost, and then recaptured. On the road to Noyon between Sampigny and Pontoise, a raid reached the Oise and gained the woods of Carlepont and Ourscamp.
August 22: Albert would be captured but the British and American advanced continued to the Arras[15]. At Bapaume, the British stopped their advance to consolidate their gains and prepare to continue the advance the next day[16]. The relative inactivity of the British encouraged von Below to arrange a counter-attack to take place[17], which resulted in the loss of Dovecot which overlooked New Zealand positions[18]. At the Aillete, Bavarian troops would rush to help their allies and was attacked. By afternoon, French troops advance from Oise to Quierzy.
August 23: During Albert, the Australian 1st Division, which was advancing north-east of Proyart, attacked the German fortifications around Chuignes and captured the town of Chuignes, ending the Battle of Albert. The Battle of the Ailette also ends in the evening after taking Quierzy[11] and Manicamp. The French border the Ailette Canal on to Guny and takes the station of Juvigny. Near Bapaume, the British and New Zealanders attack Dovecot and take the position after beginning their advance at 2:30 AM[19]. The New Zealanders also secured a flank of the British which attacked the village of Irles and onto Loupart Wood and Grévillers[20]. In the meantime, the British attacked and captured Bihucourt[21].
August 24: New Zealanders attack with a night-time advance to clear the approaches to Bapaume. This includes Loupart Wood and Grévillers[22]. The New Zealanders would then be told to move to Bapaume if able to do it quickly[22]. However, progress would be delayed by heavy machine gun fire and artillery took its toll on advancing tanks moving with the New Zealanders[23]. Despite this, Grévillers fell to the New Zealanders, who took over 100 casualties in the fight[24].
August 25: The New Zealanders begin an attack to take Bapaume at 5:00 AM in the cover of fog. They take little casualties despite German artillery fire. In the south, Two New Zealander Regiments being to skirt the southern side of Bapaume while taking fire from machine gun posts near the town. They managed to reach Albert Road but was slowed by German units at the village of Thilloy. This would leave two New Zealand battalions exposed on both sides.[25]
References[edit]
- ↑ Kearsey 2004, pp. 13–14.
- ↑ The Long, Long Trail. "The British Army in the Great War: Battle of Amiens". 1914–1918.net. Retrieved 19 September 2009.
- ↑ Livesay, Anthony (1994). Historical Atlas of World War I. New York: Henry Holt and Company. p. 166. ISBN 978-080-5026-51-1. Search this book on
- ↑ Omanson, B.J. (2019). Before the Clangor of the Gun: The First World War Poetry of John Allan Wyeth. Morgantown, West Virginia: Monongahela Press. Search this book on
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Hart 2008, pp. 364–.
- ↑ Omanson 2019, pp. 36–49.
- ↑ Omanson 2019, pp. 38–39.
- ↑ Dancocks, Daniel George (1987). Spearhead to Victory: Canada and the Great War. Hurtig. p. 294. ISBN 0-88830-310-6. Search this book on
- ↑ "Les combats à Montdidier de mars à août 1918".
- ↑ Kearsey 2004, pp. 11–12.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 L'offensive des Cent-Jours de 1918, y compris la bataille de l'Ailette
- ↑ Terraine 1963.
- ↑ Gray & Argyle 1990
- ↑ Stewart 1921, pp. 420–421.
- ↑ James 1990, p. 33.
- ↑ Harper 2007, p. 366.
- ↑ Harper 2007, p. 372.
- ↑ Gray 2010, p. 277.
- ↑ Gibbon 1920, pp. 157–158.
- ↑ Gray 2010, p. 278.
- ↑ Harper 2007, p. 373.
- ↑ 22.0 22.1 Harper 2007, p. 381.
- ↑ Gray 2010, p. 281.
- ↑ Harper 2007, p. 392.
- ↑ Harper 2007, pp. 399–400.
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