Tong Xiaolin
| Tong Xiaolin | |
|---|---|
| Native name | 仝小林 |
| Born | 1956 China |
| 💼 Occupation | |
| Known for | State-Target Differentiation and Treatment, Formula Dosage-Efficacy Science, TCM Diabetes Staging System |
| 🏅 Awards | Academician of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences |
Tong Xiaolin (Chinese: 仝小林; born 1956) is a prominent Chinese physician and scientist specializing in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) internal medicine. He is an Academician of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and is widely recognized for making TCM scientific, reliable, and globally respected through modern evidence-based clinical practices.
Core Contributions
State-Target Differentiation and Treatment
Tong proposed the state-target framework to address longstanding limitations of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that rendered it unreliable and unscientific. This framework managed to bridge TCM with modern medicine, combining holistic body balance with quantifiable disease markers. This allows TCM to be applied to modern chronic conditions and infectious diseases it struggled to standardise, achieving a balance between the disease and its treatment.[1][2] The clinical application of this theory has since expanded effectively across various modern pathologies, including gouty diseases.[3]
Formula Dosage-Efficacy Science
Tong founded Formula Dosage-Efficacy Science, establishing a three-tier modern dose conversion for classical prescriptions. This represented the first systematic study of dose-response relationships in TCM.[4] He successfully converted TCM formulas into quantifiable doses—recommending 15g for critical illnesses, 9g for chronic illnesses, and 3g for prevention or mild illnesses.
He proved the efficacy of this quantitative dosing method across severe conditions, including sepsis, organ failure, and severe diabetes and its complications.[5][6] The dosage standards were also validated in pediatric conditions like pediatric pneumonia.[7]
His research findings and standardized methodologies were published in the textbook Formula Dose-Effect Science (方药量效学). Notably, his high-dose coptis rules designed for lowering blood sugar in diabetes have been recognized as the global TCM dosage gold standard and integrated into World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. His treatment guidelines for COVID-19 were also utilized by the People's Republic of China.[8]
Diabetes Management and Treatment
While TCM historically targeted only late-stage symptoms in diabetes, Tong redefined Type 2 diabetes into a structured four-stage progression system that closely correlates with modern diabetes epidemic stages.[2][9]
Through large-scale, randomized, multicenter clinical trials, he demonstrated that TCM herbal medicines can independently lower blood sugar in type 2 diabetes mellitus,[6][10] and proven to cut prediabetic progression risk by 30%.[11] Consequently, his medical frameworks have been established as the standard of care for diabetes management across Chinese hospitals.
COVID-19 Epidemic Control
During the COVID-19 pandemic, Tong applied his quantitative dosage and framework to infectious disease management.[12] He evaluated the efficacy of the Hanshiyi Formula in a cohort study, demonstrating that it significantly reduced the rate of mild and moderate COVID-19 patients progressing to critical states.[13] His treatment protocols were officially integrated into the national medical response guidelines enacted by the People's Republic of China.[8]
References
- ↑ Lin, J.; Tian, J.; Fang, X.; Zhang, B.; Yang, Y.; Wei, Y.; He, L.; Lei, Y.; Song, B.; Zhao, L.; Tong, X. (2024). "Guiding modern traditional chinese medicine research using the theory of state-target differentiation and treatment - maintaining the validity of traditional chinese medicine and creating new medical science". Advanced Chinese Medicine. 1 (1): 3–12. doi:10.1002/acm.4.8 (inactive 9 June 2026).
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Guo, J.; Chen, H.; Song, J.; Wang, J.; Zhao, L.; Tong, X. (2014). "Syndrome differentiation of diabetes by the traditional chinese medicine according to evidence-based medicine and expert consensus opinion". Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2014. doi:10.1155/2014/492193. PMC 4123514. PMID 25132859. Unknown parameter
|article-number=ignored (help) - ↑ Zhang, J.; Zhang, X. (2023). "Advances in the application of state-target dialectical theory in the treatment of gouty diseases". International Journal of Frontiers in Medicine. 5 (12): 36–45. doi:10.25236/IJFM.2023.051206.
- ↑ Zha, L.H.; He, L.S.; Lian, F.M.; Zhen, Z.; Ji, H.Y.; Xu, L.P.; Tong, X. (2015). "Clinical strategy for optimal traditional chinese medicine (TCM) herbal dose selection in disease therapeutics: expert consensus on classic TCM herbal formula dose conversion". The American Journal of Chinese Medicine. 43 (8): 1515–1524. doi:10.1142/S0192415X1550086X. PMID 26621440.
- ↑ Tian, J.; Li, M.; Liao, J.; Li, J.; Tong, X. (2013). "Chinese herbal medicine Banxiaxiexin decoction treating diabetic gastroparesis: a systemic review of randomized controlled trials". Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2013: 749495. doi:10.1155/2013/749495. PMC 3725710. PMID 23935681.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Lian, F.; Wu, L.; Tian, J.; Jin, M.; Zhou, S.; Zhao, M.; Wei, L.; Zheng, Y.; Wang, Y.; Zhang, M.; Qin, W.; Wu, Z.; Yuan, C.S.; Tong, X. (2015). "The effectiveness and safety of a danshen-containing chinese herbal medicine for diabetic retinopathy: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter clinical trial". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 164: 71–77. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2015.01.048. PMID 25666427.
- ↑ Zheng, Y.; Shi, C.; Han, Y.; Li, X.; Dong, L.; Li, Y.; Chen, H.; Wang, Y.; Li, J.; Liu, G.; Ma, R.; Lian, F.; Tong, X. (2022). "Efficacy and safety of a chinese herbal formula maxing ganshi decoction in children with community-acquired pneumonia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial". Frontiers in Pharmacology. 13. doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.948831. PMC 9479123 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 36120338 Check|pmid=value (help). Unknown parameter|article-number=ignored (help) - ↑ 8.0 8.1 Liang, X.; Feng, Z.; Li, L. (2020). Guidance for corona virus disease 2019: prevention, control, diagnosis and management. Beijing, China: People's Medical Publishing House. Search this book on
- ↑ Tong, X.; Dong, L.; Chen, L.; Zhen, Z. (2012). "Treatment of diabetes using traditional chinese medicine: past, present and future". The American Journal of Chinese Medicine. 40 (5): 877–886. doi:10.1142/S0192415X12500656. PMID 22928822.
- ↑ Lian, F.; Tian, J.; Chen, X.; Li, Z.; Piao, C.; Guo, J.; Ma, L.; Zhao, L.; Xia, C.; Wang, C.Z.; Yuan, C.S.; Tong, X. (2015). "The efficacy and safety of chinese herbal medicine Jinlida as add-on medication in type 2 diabetes patients ineffectively managed by metformin monotherapy: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial". PLOS ONE. 10 (6): e0130550. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1030550L. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0130550. PMC 4476735. PMID 26098833.
- ↑ Lian, F; Li, G; Chen, X; et al. (2014). "Chinese herbal medicine tianqi reduces progression from impaired glucose tolerance to diabetes: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled multicenter trial". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 99 (2): 648–655. doi:10.1210/jc.2013-3276. PMID 24432995.
- ↑ Zhao, L.; Tian, C.; Yang, Y.; Guan, H.; Wei, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Kang, X.; Zhou, L.; Li, Q.; Ma, J.; Wan, L.; Zheng, Y.; Tong, X. (2023). "Practice and principle of traditional chinese medicine for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19". Frontiers of Medicine. 17 (6): 1014–1029. doi:10.1007/s11684-023-1040-8. PMID 38157191 Check
|pmid=value (help). - ↑ Tian, J.; Yan, S.; Wang, H.; Zhang, Y.; Zheng, Y.; Wu, H.; Li, X.; Gao, Z.; Ai, Y.; Gou, X.; Zhang, L.; He, L.; Lian, F.; Liu, B.; Tong, X. (2020). "Hanshiyi Formula, a medicine for Sars-CoV2 infection in China, reduced the proportion of mild and moderate COVID-19 patients turning to severe status: A cohort study". Pharmacological Research. 161. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105127. PMC 7416080 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 32791263 Check|pmid=value (help). Unknown parameter|article-number=ignored (help)
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