Transmembrane 210 (TMEM210)
Transmembrane 210 (TMEM210)
Transmembrane 210 (TMEM210) is a gene that encodes the TMEM210 protein.[1]
Gene
In humans (Homo sapiens), the TMEM210 gene is located on chromosome 9 at the cytogenetic band 9q34.3.[1]
Protein
Isoforms
No known isoforms.
MW/pI
TMEM210 has a molecular average mass and mono-isotopic mass of 15.5k kDa.[2]
The theoretical isoelectric point (pI) is 4.13.[2]
Composition
Compositional analysis of TMEM210 precursor protein sequence, computed via SAPS, indicates that leucine (16.3%), proline (12.2%), alanine (9.5%), and valine (9.5%) are the top four amino acids that compose the TMEM210 protein sequence.[3]
Motifs
Utilizing MotifFinder, the five motifs were found in total. It indicated that there are two types of phosplhoketolase present and an acetyl-CoA synthase.[4] One phosplhoketolase (COG3957) was indicated to be a type utilized for carbohydrate transport and metabolism.[4] Whereas the acetyl-CoA synthase identified is used to form acetyl-CoA, which is important for glucose/fatty acid/cholesterol production.[4]
Homology
Paralogs
No paralogs were found in humans. However in dogs (Canis lupus familiaris), the western lowland gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla), panamanian white-face capuchin (Cebus imitator), eurasian badger (Mele meles), and large flying fox (Pteropus vampurus); paralogs in those species were found.
Orthologs
When utilizing BLAST, 100 orthologs of TMEM210 were found exclusively in mammals. Upon further research, 11 xenologs were also found in viruses.
| TMEM210 | Genus and Species | Common Name | Taxonomic Group | Date of Divergence (MYA) | Accession Number | Sequence Length (aa) | Sequence Identity | Sequence Similarity |
| Mammal | Homo sapiens | Human | Primates | 0 | NP_001269406.1 | 147 | 100% | 100% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pan paniscus | Bonobo | Primates | 6.4 | XP_003817085.1 | 147 | 98%% | 98.60% | |
| Trachypithecus francoisi | Francois's langur | Primates | 28.8 | XP_033094329.1 | 147 | 91.20% | 96.60% | |
| Cynocephalus volans | Philippine flying lemur | Dermoptera | 79 | XP_062938625.1 | 193 | 54.40% | 60.10% | |
| Sciurus carolinensis | Eastern gray squirrel | Rodentia | 87 | XP_047380497.1 | 145 | 76.90% | 86.40% | |
| Arvicanthis niloticus | African grass rat | Rodentia | 87 | XP_034363637.1 | 147 | 63.90% | 78.20% | |
| Lepus europaeus | European hare | Lagomorpha | 87 | XP_062062812.1 | 149 | 72.80% | 80.80% | |
| Ochotona curzoniae | Black-lipped pika | Lagomorpha | 87 | XP_040818937.1 | 147 | 70.90% | 82.10% | |
| Pteropus alecto | Black flying fox | Chiroptera | 94 | XP_006918281.1 | 150 | 73.70% | 80.90% | |
| Rhinolophus ferrumequinum | Greater horseshoe bat | Chiroptera | 94 | XP_032977966.1 | 150 | 69.70% | 75.50% | |
| Phyllostomus discolor | Pale spear-nosed bat | Chiroptera | 94 | XP_028362016.1 | 166 | 61.10% | 70.10% | |
| Felis catus | Domestic cat | Carnivora | 94 | XP_023098871.1 | 153 | 67.50% | 76% | |
| Ursus arctos | Brown bear | Carnivora | 94 | XP_026345661.1 | 150 | 66.70% | 77.10% | |
| Mustela putorius furo | Domestic ferret | Carnivora | 94 | XP_004780838.1 | 151 | 65.20% | 75.50% | |
| Hyaena hyaena | Striped hyena | Carnivora | 94 | XP_039076706.1 | 164 | 65.20% | 72% | |
| Equus asinus | Donkey | Perissodactyla | 94 | XP_014683631.1 | 151 | 71.70% | 81.60% | |
| Equus caballus | Horse | Perissodactyla | 94 | XP_005606017.1 | 151 | 71.70% | 81.60% | |
| Phacochoerus africanus | Common warthog | Artiodactyla | 94 | XP_047625016.1 | 158 | 66.50% | 73.90% | |
| Vicugna pacos | Alpaca | Artiodactyla | 94 | XP_072816669.1 | 158 | 65.60% | 75% | |
| Balaenoptera musculus | Blue whale | Cetacea | 94 | XP_036712225.1 | 147 | 70.70% | 81% | |
| Eubalaena glacialis | North Atlantic right whale | Cetacea | 94 | XP_061056802.1 | 161 | 65.20% | 73.90% | |
| Manis pentadactyla | Chinese pangolin | Pholidota | 94 | XP_036756813.2 | 282 | 35.10% | 39.70% |
| Viruses | Locus | Acesssion Version | Sequence Length | Sequence Identity | Sequence Similarity |
| Caudoviricetes sp. | DAO91473 | DAO91473.1 | 33 | 9.30% | 12.60% |
| DAX55106 | DAX55106.1 | 32 | 8.80% | 13.60% | |
| DAX33121 | DAX33121.1 | 32 | 8.80% | 13.60% | |
| DAS68600 | DAS68600.1 | 32 | 7.50% | 12.90% | |
| DAS62881 | DAS62881.1 | 32 | 8.80% | 12.90% | |
| DAN81607 | DAN81607.1 | 32 | 8.80% | 12.90% | |
| DAN36230 | DAN36230.1 | 32 | 8.80% | 12.90% | |
| DAP10509 | DAP10509.1 | 32 | 8.80% | 12.90% | |
| DAK06842 | DAK06842.1 | 32 | 8.80% | 12.90% | |
| DAK26361 | DAK26361.1 | 32 | 8.80% | 12.90% | |
| Inoviridae sp. | DAP40914 | DAP40914.1 | 44 | 12.00% | 14.70% |
Multiple Sequence Alignment of TMEM210
Alignment Sequence of Humans and 22 Mammal Orthologs
A multiple sequence alignment was conducted analyzing the amino acid sequences of humans versus the 22 mammal orthologs (shown above).[5] It was shown that in frames 81 to 160, besides the methionine, amino acid, alanine and proline were 100% conserved in all sequences.[5][6] In frames 161 to 240: serine, alanine, tyrosine, cysteine, glycine, leucine, glutamic acid, isoleucine, valine, glutamine, and aspartic acid were 100% conserved.[5][6] An area of interest in this section is the conserved ALIAL and VVLA sequences as they are near one another, and are 100% conserved.[5][6] In frames 241 to 320, only glutamic acid and leucine are 100% conserved.[5][6]
Alignment Sequence of Humans and 11 Virus Xenologs
In this alignment, which analyzed the amino acid sequences of humans versus 11 virus xenologs: only leucine, glycine, and phenylalanine were 100% conserved; all 100% conserved amino acids were found between reading frame 1 and 80.[5] [6]
Phylogenetic Tree
The phylogenetic tree (image to the right) displays 22 mammal TMEM210 orthologs. Each color symbolize different taxonomic groups. The second tree (without colors) represents the 22 mammal orthologs and 11 virus xenologs of TMEM210.
Interacting Proteins
When mapping potential protein interactions with TMEM210, 10 possible proteins were identified (SMIM9, SMIM8, SCL25A41, TOMM20L, CBY2, SLC25A2, RASEF, PLCH1, THEMIS2, PDZD8).[8] However, the first 7 of that list are simply listed due to being part of a study that analyzed 12 genes related to the testis, which included TMEM210.[9] This knockout study found that all genes tested were not needed for male fertility as when they were knocked out, there was no impact.[9]
PLCH1, THEMIS2, PDZ8 and TMEM210 were included in a study that was trying to determine connections between higher maternal plasma glucose (PG) concentrations and genes.[10] PLCH1 and THEMIS2 was found to be associated with 1-h PG levels and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) levels. [10] TMEM210 was found to be associated with 1-h and 2-h PG levels.[10] PDZD8 was associated only for 1-h PG.[10]
This article "Transmembrane 210 (TMEM210)" is from Wikipedia. The list of its authors can be seen in its historical and/or the page Edithistory:Transmembrane 210 (TMEM210). Articles copied from Draft Namespace on Wikipedia could be seen on the Draft Namespace of Wikipedia and not main one.
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "NCBI Gene TMEM210".
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Expasy - Compute pI/MW". web.expasy.org. Retrieved 2025-12-18.
- ↑ EMBL-EBI; Institute, European Bioinformatics. "Job Dispatcher homepage | EMBL-EBI". www.ebi.ac.uk. Retrieved 2025-12-18.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 "MOTIF Search".
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 "Multiple Sequence Alignment by CLUSTALW".
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 Fukumi Tsunoda, Denise. "The amino acids and their three letter and one letter codes".
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Phylogeny.fr: Home". www.phylogeny.fr. Archived from the original on 2025-05-14. Retrieved 2025-12-18.
- ↑ "STRING: functional protein association networks". string-db.org. Retrieved 2025-12-18.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Oyama, Yuki; Miyata, Haruhiko; Shimada, Keisuke; Fujihara, Yoshitaka; Tokuhiro, Keizo; Garcia, Thomas X; Matzuk, Martin M; Ikawa, Masahito (May 2022). "CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing reveals 12 testis-enriched genes dispensable for male fertility in mice". Asian Journal of Andrology. 24 (3): 266–272. doi:10.4103/aja.aja_63_21. ISSN 1008-682X. PMC 9226692 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 34290169 Check|pmid=value (help). - ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 Antoun, Elie; Kitaba, Negusse T.; Titcombe, Philip; Dalrymple, Kathryn V.; Garratt, Emma S.; Barton, Sheila J.; Murray, Robert; Seed, Paul T.; Holbrook, Joanna D.; Kobor, Michael S.; Lin, David TS; MacIsaac, Julia L.; Burdge, Graham C.; White, Sara L.; Poston, Lucilla (2020-11-05). "Maternal dysglycaemia, changes in the infant's epigenome modified with a diet and physical activity intervention in pregnancy: Secondary analysis of a randomised control trial". PLOS Medicine. 17 (11): e1003229. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1003229. ISSN 1549-1676. PMC 7643947 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 33151971 Check|pmid=value (help).
