Turan yoga
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Turan-yoga - तुर योग - the initial, zero, base section of Yoga, as a preparatory practice is known in all six directions of Yoga, including Hatha.
In India, Turan Yoga is referred as Turushaka-Yoga or Turushka-Yoga तुरुष्ककर्पूर (strong, power, primordial yoga of the people of Shaka', Bahagadhara yoga (great happiness, successful yoga), Kshatriya yoga (yoga of warrios)[1], in Russia under the names - Turanian yoga, Warrior yoga[2], yoga of Struggle[3], Power yoga, yoga in Movement. In Tibet and China, the term Turan-Yoga corresponds to the word 'gunfu' (功夫) with a similar meaning, from Chinese in translation - 'strength, hard work, skill'.
Under the Turanian yoga now also understand the direction of Yoga, which developed in India, the Turanian clans Shaka (Shakya), Tak (Daha), they are Turushaka (Turushka) or Takshak.
The term Turan-Yoga could also be interpreted- geographically, as yoga of Turan. Just as there is Indian yoga - that is, yoga of India, Tibetan yoga - Yoga of Tibet, etc.
Etymology[edit]
In the Indo-Aryan Vedic tradition, the term 'tura' तुर is first mentioned in Rigveda, meaning 'strong, powerful, distinguished, rich, power, original, primeval'.[4] In the Iranian tradition, the Indo-Aryan term 'Tura' corresponds to the Iranian term 'Turya, Tūiriiā, Tūrā', referred to in Avesta, with the same value.[5]
Another meaning of Sanskrit of the term tura तुर is 'fast, quick, dynamic, ready, solid' [6], in Turan Yoga, one aspect of practice is dynamic movement and quick transitions to other asanas, integrity of practice.
Tura in the Indo-Iranian languages were called the people of Shaka/Shakya (Saka), they are the people of Tak (or Dahae, that is, the people of the sacred dragon).
It was believed that the people of the Tura were associated with horse, therefore in Sanskrit the term Turaga तुरग, derived from Tura - also called horses.[7] The term 'Turaga' in the designation of horses is mentioned for the first time in Mahabharata.
Turan-yoga itself in India is sometimes also called Turushaka-yoga or Turushka-yoga तुरुष्ककर्पूर - which is translated from Sanskrit as 'strong primeval yoga of the Shaka people'. The people of shaka in India were mainly represented in the Kshatriya varna, so Turan yoga is also known as kshatriya yoga.
History[edit]
The people of the Tura (Turushka, Shaka, Turushaka) were first mentioned in northern India in Kashmir.
According to the Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary, Turushak is the name of the ancient Indian royal dynasty that reigned in Northern India (in Kashmir, Kabulistan, etc.) and which had the so-called "Turanian" or "Indo-Scythian" origin.
Tura were associated in India with the dynasty Takshak or the serpent dynasty (Takshaka - the name of one dragon) - one of the oldest royal dynasties in India.
Takshaka literally from Sanskrit means, 'the sacred dragon of the Shaka people'. In the Iranian tradition, the sacred dragon Tak is known as Daha, or Ajdaha.
At present Tak is the name of some modern Hindu clans or clans, occurring, according to some historians of India, from the ancient name of Takshak, who belonged to the “serpent family” (Nagavansha). The same names (Takshaka and Nagavansha) were carried by the ancient dynasty, which played a prominent role in ancient India. Its descendants are Tak, the ancestors of the royal dynasty Gujarat a, who ruled before the annexation of the peninsula to the empire Akbar. Name so are other genera. In the Central Doab and Lower Rogilkhonde there are Rajputs Tank; another clan bearing this name lives near Jamu, not far from the intended site of the ancient capital Takshashil or Taxila.
Takshak (Dahae, Saka, Tura) came to India under the leadership of Shishunaga, who took the throne of Pandu. His dynasty reigned for 360 years and ended with King Bikyat. Another dynasty of the same origin was founded by Chandragupta (see), an imaginary opponent of Alexander the Great, and existed 137 years, pushing 10 rulers. From the dynasty Tak the leaders of the Nagwansi in Ramgurh, who retained in their coat of arms the image of the glasses of the cobra snake, retain their origin. From their nominal epithet Naga (Sk. Nâga - snake) derives the name of the city and region of Nagpur (pur - city).
Turan yoga among the people of Shaka, Tura, and Tak (Dahae) was known as the family practice of warrior yoga. Turan-yoga was mainly transmitted in varna kshatriyas from father to son according to family tradition.
Famous representatives of Turan Yoga[edit]
According to the Vedic tradition, the Turan Yoga or Yoga of the Kshatriyas (warriors) was engaged before his preaching activity Sidhart Gautam Shakyamuni (Shakyamuni means “from the clan Shakya sage”), better known in the world as Buddha. The basics of Turan yoga were transmitted to Siddhart according to family tradition by his father, since the Sidharth clan among his people, Shaka, belonged to the Kshatriya (warrior) varna.
Another Indian sage named Bodhidharma, a representative of the Kshatriya varna (warriors), transferred the fundamentals of his clan's Turan yoga as a practice further to the monasteries of Tibet and ancient China, where later martial arts of the East arose from asanas like kempo, wushu, gunfu and others.
In China, one of the adherents of Turan yoga was Chen Haun, who lived in the 19th century. It is the practice of the Chen Heun School that is currently mostly known as the complex of asanas turan yoga in hatha.
Turan as designations for a mentor of Yoga practice[edit]
In the Vedic tradition, Tura is also the name of a yoga instructor and a priest from the Kavasya clan (kāvaṣeya) कावषेय [8].
The descendants of Kavasa in the Vedas are known as descendants of Tura. Kawasya is also referred to as a teacher of philosophies in the Rigveda Aranyakas [9].
Conceptual meaning Buddhist Eightfold Path, according to Turan Yoga[edit]
0. Turan (tura तुर) - preparation,
- Hatha - togetherness,
- Turan Karma and Karma - preparation of fate and fate (cause and effect),
- Turan Kundalini and Kundalini - preparing for work with prana and vital energy prana,
- Turan Jnana and Jnana - preparation for knowledge and knowledge,
- Turan Raja and Raja - preparing for excellence and excellence (meditation),
- Turan Bhakti and Bhakti - preparation for supreme devotion and devotion (love),
- Turan Kriya and Kriya - preparation for action and action,
- Turan Tantra and Tantra - preparation for the harmony of masculine and feminine and the harmony of masculine and feminine,
- Tara (tara तारा) Nirvana is the star[10], the highest harmony.
Turan Yoga in the Kshatriya (Warrior) Varna[edit]
Turan yoga in Kshatriya Varna included not only exercise complexes - asanas, but also practices such as archery, meditation, horse control (Turaga), handling weapons, the ability to survive in nature, and gaining skills Warrior training: fast running, swimming, discus throwing, psychophysical training and other practices.
Classification of the practice of Turan in Yoga[edit]
In Patanjali of the author Yoga Sutras, only six directions of Yoga are mentioned — this is Raja yoga, Karma yoga, Jnana yoga, Bhakti yoga and Hatha yoga [11][12][13]
Turan yoga is the seventh direction of Yoga, the original, base, zero, and is present as a hidden practice in all six major known directions of Yoga.
Actually Turan yoga is preparation from simple to more complex. Since in the modern world, yoga is more associated with Hatha yoga, the asanas of Turan yoga today are known primarily as the initial stage to Hatha, i.e. they are preparatory practices for mastering Hatha yoga. In other areas of yoga - Raja yoga, Karma yoga, Jnana yoga, Bhakti yoga, there is a preparatory level of Turan yoga, also closely related to the concept of 'Tura' in Sanskrit, meaning 'strong, powerful, outstanding, rich, strong, original, primeval '.
Features of Turan Yoga in Hatha[edit]
Turan-yoga - as a section of Hatha yoga, is known for the fact that it focuses on stretching, strength and flexibility of a person. In the Rig Veda, the term Tura also denotes a pain threshold that actually occurs during stretching.[14], which requires careful attention, also denoted in Sanskrit by the term tura, which means 'looking, watching, controlling' [15]
In Turan yoga in the direction of Hatha, mainly preparations are made for more complex asanas, such as, for example, samakonasana (transverse splits) and others. Turan yoga is suitable for both beginners and advanced masters of yoga.
Features of the practice of turan yoga in hath combine dynamics, strength, activity (male origin) and statics, gentleness, relaxation (female origin). In Indian philosophy, the interaction of the masculine and feminine is called Tantra. There are 108 main asanas in the full range of Turan Yoga.
Bibliography[edit]
- Encyclopedic dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron: in 86 tons (82 tons and 4 extra). - SPb., 1890-1907.
- MBh. i, pañcatantra, śakuntalā. Mahabharata, book 1.
- Dictionary: Monier-Williams.
- Rg-veda, AV. vii, 50, 2, TS. ii, Kaus3. 91. Rig Veda, book 7.
- Rg-veda, AV. vi, 102, 3. Rig Veda, book 6.
- S3Br. ix, x, xiv, AitBr. viii, 21, bhāgavata-purāṇa. Puranas.
- Rigveda Aranyakas. Rigveda Aranyaki.
- Rig Veda, book 8.
- Кочергина В. А. Учебник санскрита. Москва, Филология, 1998, ISBN 5-7552-0066-1 Search this book on
.. - Долин А. А., Попов Г. В. Кэмпо - традиция воинских искусств. Москва, Наука, 1991, 432 c., ISBN 5-02-016966-8 Search this book on ..
Notes[edit]
References[edit]
- ↑ Кшатрия-йога - йога воина или йога борьбы
- ↑ Боевая йога - искусство древних кшатриев
- ↑ Долин А. А., Попов Г. В. Кэмпо - традиция воинских искусств. Москва, Наука, 1991, 432 c., ISBN 5-02-016966-8 Search this book on ., С.55-75
- ↑ Rg-veda, AV. vii, 50, 2, TS. ii, Kaus3. 91. Rig Veda, Book 7.
- ↑ Fry, 1972, p. 67-68
- ↑ Rg-veda, AV. vi, 102, 3. Rig Veda, book 6.
- ↑ MBh. i, pañcatantra, śakuntalā. Mahabharata, book 1.
- ↑ S3Br. ix f. , xiv, aitareya-brāhmaṇa, tāṇḍya-brāhmaṇa, bhāgavata-purāṇa. Puranas
- ↑ Sanskrit Dictionary
- ↑ Кочергина В. А. Учебник санскрита. Москва, Филология, 1998, ISBN 5-7552-0066-1 Search this book on ., С.298.
- ↑ Pandit Usharbudh Arya (1985). The philosophy of hatha yoga. Himalayan Institute Press; 2nd ed.
- ↑ Sri Swami Rama (2008) The royal path: Practical lessons on yoga. Himalayan Institute Press; New Ed edition.
- ↑ Swami Prabhavananda (Translator), Christopher Isherwood (Translator), Patanjali (Author). (1996). Vedanta Press; How to know god: The yoga aphorisms of Patanjali. New Ed edition.
- ↑ Rig Veda, book 8. RV. viii, 79, 2
- ↑ Dictionary: Monier-Williams
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