Umm Qirfa
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Umm Qirfa Fatima[1] was a leader of the Banu Fazara Arab tribe from Wadi Al-Qura.
Ancient genealogies described Umm Qirfa as a member of the Banu Fazara.[2] She married into the Banu Badr.[2] According to Ibn Ishaq and al-Tabari, Umm Qirfa was wealthy.[2] She was described as being an old woman with high social status and wife of Malik ibn Hudhayfa ibn Badr al-Fazari.[3][2] After her thirty horsemen were defeated by Zayd ibn Haritha,[4] Muhammad ordered Qirfa[5] or her children[6] to be slaughtered "by putting a rope into her two legs and to two camels and driving them until they rent her in two..."[7] Two of her limbs were torn in to two by four camels, her severed head was later paraded all over the streets of Medina.[8][5]
Allah’s Messenger sent Zayd to Wadi Qura, where he encountered the Banu Fazarah. Some of his Companions were killed, and Zayd was carried away wounded. Ward was slain by the Banu Badr. When Zayd returned, he vowed that no washing should touch his head until he had raided the Fazarah. After he recovered, Muhammad sent him with an army against the Fazarah settlement. He met them in Qura and inflicted casualties on them and took Umm Qirfah prisoner. He also took one of Umm’s daughters and Abdallah bin Mas’adah prisoner. Ziyad bin Harithah ordered Qays to kill Umm Qirfah, and he killed her cruelly. He tied each of her legs with a rope and tied the ropes to two camels, and they split her in two.
— Al-Tabari, Michael Fishbein - The History of al-Tabari, 8 (The Victory of Islam), SUNYP, pp. 95-97, 1997
Her brothers were executed and her daughter Um Zaml described as being "prettiest girl in Arabia"[9] was captured by Salama b. Al-Akwa, who then presented her beauty to Muhammad. On this, Muhammad remarked "What girl did you take, oh Salama?" Salama responded "A girl, O messenger of God with whom i hope to ransom a woman of ours from Banu Farazara", after being asked the same question repeatedly, Salama quickly sensed that Muhammad wanted the girl for himself so he offered the girl to Muhammad, however Muhammad instead gifted the girl to Hazn b. Abu Wahb,[10] his maternal uncle, for "private use". This union bore them, Abdu'l-Rahmān b. Hazn.[11]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ↑ Smith, Margaret (30 July 2001). Muslim Women Mystics: The Life and Work of Rabi'a and Other Women Mystics in Islam. Oneworld Publications. p. 151. ISBN 9781851682508. Search this book on
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 De Primare 1994, p. 23.
- ↑ Ibn 'Abd Rabbih (2012). The Unique Necklace, Volume 3. trans. Issa J. Boullata. UWA Publishing. p. 6. ISBN 9781859642405. Search this book on
- ↑ Mubarkpuri, Safi-ur-Rahman (5 August 2002). The Sealed Nectar (Biography of the Prophet). Darussalam Publications. p. 152. ISBN 9781591440710. Search this book on
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Ibn Isḥāq, Muḥammad; Guillaume, Alfred (5 August 1978). The life of Muhammad: translation of Ishaq's Sirat Rasul Allah. Oxford University Press. p. 664-665. OCLC 29863176. Search this book on
- ↑ Guillaume, Alfred (February 1956). "A Note on the Sīra of Ibn Isḥāq". Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies. 18 (1): 4. doi:10.1017/S0041977X00122165. ISSN 0041-977X.
- ↑ The History of Al-Tabari: the Victory of Islam. trans. Michael Fishbein. SUNYP. 1997. pp. 95–97. Search this book on
- ↑ Al-Jamal, Khalkl Abd al-Karim Manshurat. Al-Nass Al-Muasas wa Mujtamauhu. p. 174. Search this book on
- ↑ "SAHIH MUSLIM, BOOK 19: The Book of Jihad and Expedition (Kitab Al-Jihad Wal-Siyar)".
- ↑ Faizer, Rizwi (2013). The Life of Muhammad: Al-Waqidi's Kitab al-Maghazi. Routledge. ISBN 9781136921131. Search this book on
- ↑ Phillips, Rodney J. (1 January 2009). The Muslim Empire and the Land of Gold. Strategic Book Publishing. p. 287. ISBN 9781606932896. Search this book on
Sources[edit]
- De Premare, A.-L. (1994). "Umm Qirfa et Salmâ, et le mythe des peuples anéantis". Journal asiatique. 282 (1): 19–35. doi:10.2143/JA.282.1.2006115. ISSN 1783-1504.
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