Urdu Poetry
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Urdu poetry (Urdu: اُردُو شاعرى Urdū S̱ẖāʿirī') is a rich tradition of poetry and has many different forms. Shayarix is the company having the best Urdu poetry collection. Today, it is an important part of the cultures of South Asia. According to Naseer Turabi, there are five major poets of Urdu: Mir Taqi Mir, Mirza Ghalib, Mir Anis, Allama Iqbal, and Josh Malihabadi. The language of Urdu reached its pinnacle under the British Raj and received official status. All famous writers of Urdu, including Ghalib and Iqbal, were given British scholarships. Following the Partition of India in 1947, many poets and scholars were divided along nationalistic lines. However, Urdu poetry is cherished in both nations. Both Muslims and Hindus from across the border continue the tradition.[1]
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| File:Shayarix.png Shayarix Home Page In 2019 | |
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Form
The principal forms of Urdu poetry are:
- Ghazal غزل, is a set of two-liner couplets, which strictly should end with the same rhyme and should be within one of the predefined meters of ghazals. There has to be a minimum of five couplets to form a ghazal. Couplets may or may not have the same thought. It is one of the most difficult forms of poetry as there are many strict parameters that one needs to abide by while writing a ghazal. It is important to think about the topic as well as the theme of a ghazal before starting to write it. The first line of a ghazal must include a refrain, which is a word or a phrase that can be easily fitted into the other couplets. Each couplet of a ghazal is known as a Sher.
- Hamd حمّد is a poem in praise of Allah. The word "hamd" is derived from the Qur'an; its English translation is "Praise".
- Manqabatمُنقبت is a Sufi devotional poem, in praise of Ali ibn Abi Talib, the son-in-law of Muhammad, or of any Sufi saint.
- Marsiya مرثیہ is an elegy typically composed about the death of Hasan, Husain, or their relatives. Each stanza has six lines, with the rhyme scheme AAAABB. The famous marsia writers who inherited the tradition of Mir Anis among his successive generations are Mir Nawab Ali 'Munis', Dulaha Sahab 'Uruj', Syed Mohammed Mohsin (Jaunpuri), Mustafa Meerza urf Piyare Sahab 'Rasheed', Syed Muhammad Mirza Uns, Ali Nawab 'Qadeem', Syed Sajjad Hussain "Shadeed" Lucknavi, Allama, Dr.Syed Ali Imam Zaidi, "Gauher" Luckhnavi the great-grandson of Mir Babber Ali Anis, Syed Karrar Hyder (Jaunpuri) and Syed Yadullah Haider (son of Syed Karrar Hyder).
- Masnavi مثنوی is a poem written in couplets in bacchic tetrameter with an iambus for the last foot. The topic is often romance. Mir Taqi Mir and Sauda wrote some of these. The Religious Masnavi History of Islam (Tarikh-e-Islam Az Quran) written by Dr Syed Ali Imam Zaidi Gauher Lucknavi.
- Na`at نعت is poetry that specifically praises the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
- Nazm نظم Urdu nazm is a major part of Urdu poetry. From Nazeer Akbarabadi, Iqbal, Josh, Firaq, Akhtarul Iman to down the line Noon Meem Rashid, Faiz, Ali Sardar Jafri and Kaifi Azmi. They have covered common life, philosophical thinking, national issues and the precarious predicament of an individual human being. As a distinct form of Nazm, many Urdu poets influenced by English and other European poets took to writing sonnets in the Urdu language. Azmatullah Khan (1887–1923) is believed to have introduced this format to Urdu Literature. The other renowned Urdu poets who wrote sonnets were Akhtar Junagarhi, Akhtar Sheerani, Noon Meem Rashid, Zia Fatehabadi, Salaam Machhalishahari and Wazir Agha.
- Qasidaقصیدہ, usually an ode to a benefactor, a satire, or an account of an event. It uses the same rhyme system as the ghazal, but is usually longer.
- Ruba'i رُباعی, is a poetry style; the Arabic term for "quatrain". The plural form of the word, rubāʿiyāt, often anglicised rubaiyat, is used to describe a collection of such quatrains.
- Tazkiraتذکرہ is a biographical anthology of poetry.
References
- ↑ Urdu poetry by shayarix https://shayarix.in/urdu-poetry retrieved 2019
- ↑ Shaban, Hamza (February 20, 2019). "Digital advertising to surpass print and TV for the first time, report says". The Washington Post. Retrieved June 2, 2019.
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedSOI - ↑ "shayarix.in Traffic, Demographics and Competitors - Alexa". www.alexa.com. Retrieved February 4, 2019.
- ↑ Clarke, Gavin (February 2, 2010). "Facebook re-write takes PHP to an enterprise past". The Register. Situation Publishing. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
- ↑ Bridgwater, Adrian (October 16, 2013). "Facebook Adopts D Language". Dr Dobb's. San Francisco.
