VANNIYAR
The Palli.[1] or Vanniya Kula Kshatriyas[2](Vanniyar)are a Tamil caste densely populated in Tamil Nadu, particularly in North Tamil Nadu (north of the Cauvery River) and to a lesser extent elsewhere. They are also found significantly in Puducherry, South Karnataka and South Andhra Pradesh. They belonged to the most backward classes in the reservation list of Tamil Nadu rulers
Etymology
The Vanniyars have various etymological conceptions; the word Vanni means (fire/fire) in Sanskrit and (strong) in Dravidian[3]. That is a person born from fire (agni/fire) In Sanskrit (Vanniya Puranam), the word 'Palli'[4][5]means "forest."
Historical status
According to Alf Hildbetle,[6] the Vanni get their caste name from the name Vanni. In Sanskrit, the word Vanni means "fire." The 12th Cholas were referred to as "Palli" in some South Indian Tamil inscriptions. "Palli" also means "king" in Tamil[7]
Vanniyar claim titles
His belonged to a caste with more than 200 titles such as Padayatchi, Palli, Gounder, Naicker, Sambuvaraiyar, Kadavaraiyar, Kachirayar, Kalingarayar, Malavaraiyar,Thevar,Pillai,Udayar and Sholingar.[8]
The Vanni tree is the symbol of the Vanniyars. The Vanni tree is the sacred tree at Tanjore Periya Kovil and Gangaikondacholapuram Kovil.[9]
Other Names
They are from the Government of Tamil Nadu's Reservation List's Most Backward Classes[10]. Vanniya kula kshatriya (vanniyar, vanniya, vanniya gounder, gounder or kandar, padayatchi, palli, and other names like as agni kula kshatriya) is a Tamil nadu government call.[11]
Vanniyar Puranam
In India only the Vanniyyas have Purana. One of the 18 Puranas of Hinduism, "Agni Purana" called "Vanniyar Purana" talks about their origin, valor and the charities they performed.[12]
Sage Durvasaka and Gajamokini had two Asura offspring. "Vilvalan" and "Vadaphi" were their names. Their mother, Kajamogini, was Soorapadman's younger sister, who was killed by Lord Muruga. The archer and Vatabi began to bother the sage Agathiya. Agathiya Mamuni swallowed the bow, enraged. Vatabi immediately performed penance for Lord Shiva and received various powers. With that power, he founded Ratnapuri, which was positioned in the center of the southern shore. He later married Maya's daughter, Sokkanni. Sukrasarya, the Asura Guru, helped him with everything. Vatabi then began to harass the Devas even more. Seeing this, Naradamuni informed Lord Shiva of the gods' problems. Meanwhile, Sambu Maharishi offered Lord Shiva a Yaga. Meanwhile, Sambu Maharishi performed a Yaga for Lord Shiva. Then Lord Shiva blessed Sambu Maharishi and made a drop of perspiration (water) fall from his brow in the yaga. From the fire that dropped in the yaga, "Sri Veera Rudra Vanniyar" emerged on a white horse, wielding a sword and wearing a crown. Lord Shiva and Parvati wed Devendran's daughter Mantramalai.[13] Four sons were born to them. 1.Krishna Vanniyar 2.Brahma Vanniyar 3.Sambu Vanniyar 4.Agni Vanniyar mentioned in Vanniapurana. They marry the four daughters of a saint named Kantha (Susila), Indrani, Narani, Sundari and Sumangali to the sons of Sri Veera Rudra Vanniyar. As Vadabi sets out to destroy the demon, his wife Mantramala worries about the outcome of the war. Vanniarasan said, "The dog comes with me. If I die in battle, the dog will return, the Kamakshi lamp lit in the house will go out, and the jasmine flower will wither." On the way to Vanniarasan the river crosses. He crosses the river. But the dog cannot cross and turns back. Seeing the dog, Mantramala cuts the thali, assuming that her husband is dead. She didn't notice that the lamp was not switched off in the house and the flower was wilting. Returning victorious from the war, the Veeravanniya king is shocked to find his wife in a widowhood. After knowing what happened, he ties the thali again. There is a custom of cutting thali like this among the Vanni. Even today, many Vanni people perform the ritual of cutting thali on Adi 18. This story is called Vanniyakuthu and is still performed today in the areas where the Vanniyars live. The "Vanniyar Purana" says that the Vanniyars are the emanations of "Sri Veera Rudra Vanniya Maharasan".[14]
“பங்குனித் திங்களுத்திரர் தன்னில் பரமன்
முக்கணழல் விழியில் துங்கமா வேர்வை தோன்றிடக் கரத்திற் தோய்த்து செங்கழுநீரின் மலரைப் பொங்கமா மகத்திலாகுதி யியற்றிட புனிதனுக்கு வகையீந்தார் (வ)ங்கண் வீரவன்னிய பூமன்னர்
பரிமீது தோன்றினனே”
— வன்னியர் புராணம்.
Silaiyezhupathu
"Silai Elupatu"[15] is one of the nine books written by Kambar. In this book, he has written to know the fame, pride, bravery, art, culture etc. of Vanniyars.
And the Vanniars, who were the idolaters, Highlighting their bow (statue). Vanniyar - (in the sacrifice performed by Veerasambumunich) in the fire who appeared "Idol" is also an epithet for the bow. In this book, the word is used abundantly This is because this book has seventy songs Silai Elupatu. This book also has its foreknowledge At the end of the song beginning with the previous day "Shentamilkh Kampan's singing of idols" From this it is clear that Kambar is its author.
“படையுடைய படிவேந்தர் பணிந்திடுவோர் மனுநீதி
நடைவருணாச் சிரமநெறி நழுவாது காத்தெவர்க்கும் விடையவன்ற னருன்பெற்ற வீரவன்னி மன்னர்பொற்றக்
குடைநிழலைத் தந்துகலிக் கொடைதணித் திடுவாரே.”
-சிலையெழுபது.[16]
Population
There are 65,4,855 Vanniyars in Tamil Nadu, according to the 1989 census. They are the largest community in Tamil Nadu in terms of population. Vanniyars were 10% higher than in 1980 in Tamil Nadu. More than a quarter of the population lives in Chengalpattu, North Arcot, South Arcot, Dharmapuri, Villuppuram, Ariyallur, and Salem districts. The majority of Vanniyyas work in agriculture. Nonetheless, they continue to wield significant political and organizational power. They were on the backward list of the Tamil Nadu government's reservation list, and they successfully fought multiple different reservation demonstrations in the 1980s. They currently belong to the most backward category, which includes 108 castes as well as their community.[17]
The Vanniyar Sangam was founded for this community, and later to increase political power, it was formed as a political party named Patali Makkal Katchi, which is today one of the main political parties in Tamil Nadu.
Reservation
In 2020, a protest was held on behalf of BAMA to give 20% separate reservation to Vanniyars. At that time, the Tamil Nadu government announced that a caste-wise census would be conducted. But Dr. Ramadasa, the founder of BAMA, demanded the need for internal reservation in the most backward sections. Accepting his request, a bill to provide 10.5% internal reservation[18] to the Vanniars out of the 20% reservation for the Most Backward Classes was tabled in the Assembly, approved by the Governor and gazetted. Accordingly 10.5% for Vanniars in the most backward category. Internal quota is given in education and employment.[19]
Notable People
1.S. S. Ramasamy Padayatchiyar - Founder of Tamil Nadu Labour Party
2.Manickavelu Naicker - Tamil Nadu politician and former Minister
3.S. Ramadoss - Founder of Pattali Makkal Katchi and Vanniyar Sangam
4.Kaduvetti Guru - Vanniyar Sangam President and Tamil Nadu Politician
5.G.K.MANI - Former President Pattali Makkal Katchi
6.Veerapandi S. Arumugam – Tamil Nadu politician and former minister (DMK)
7.Vazhapadi Ramamoorthy - Tamil Nadu politician and former Minister
8.Maduranthaka Arumugam - Tamil Nadu politician (DMK)
9.Gingee N. Ramachandran – Tamil Nadu politician and former minister
10.Duraimurugan - Tamil Nadu politician and DMK general secretary
11.N. Rangasamy – Former Chief Minister of Puducherry and founder of the All India N.R. Congress Party
12.K. P. Munusamy - Tamil Nadu politician (AIADMK)
13.C. V. Shanmugam – Tamil Nadu politician and Minister for Commercial Taxes and Registration of Deeds and Law, Courts and Prisons
14.S. Jagathrakshakan - Tamil Nadu politician and former Minister (DMK)
15.Kuttalam P. Kalyanam - Tamil Nadu Politician (DMK)
16.Anbumani Ramadoss – Former Union Minister for Health and Family Welfare and President of Pattali Makkal Katchi
17.T. Velmurugan - Founder of Tamil Nadu Vazhvurimai Katchi
References
Notes
a.Poets from the 12th century educated Vanniyars, and Vanniyars all belonged to the same community.
b.During the Sanskritization period, new titles such as Agnikula Kshatriya and later Vannikula Kshatriya were created, according to the Agnivanshi Thee Purana.
c.Gambar's book "Silaiyezhupathu" tells the story of the Vanniyyas case.
Citations
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- ↑ Silaiyezhupathu(1915) By Tamil Nadu Government Downstream Trails Library and Research Centre
- ↑ K.S. SINGH (Genral Editor), Editors R. THIRUMALAI S. MANOHARAN (1997) PEOPLE OF INDIA : TAMIL NADU.ANTHROPOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA, AFFILIATED EAST -WEST PRESS PVT LTD MADRAS New Delhi Bangalore Hyderabad ISBN 81-85938-88-1
- ↑ Kashyap, V. K.; Guha, S.; Sitalaximi, T.; Bindu, G. H.; Hasnain, S. E.; Trivedi, R. (2006). "Table 1 Ethnic, linguistic and geographical affiliations of Indian populations included in the study". BMC Genetics. BMC Genomics. 7: 28. doi:10.1186/1471-2156-7-28. PMC 1513393. PMID 16707019
- ↑ CLASS F. LITERATURE Kambar Silaiezhupathu - Work in praise of 11th century Palli or Vanniyar kings.
- ↑ K.S. SINGH (Genral Editor), Editors R. THIRUMALAI S. MANOHARAN (1997) PEOPLE OF INDIA : TAMIL NADU.ANTHROPOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA, AFFILIATED EAST -WEST PRESS PVT LTD MADRAS New Delhi Bangalore Hyderabad ISBN 81-85938-88-1
- ↑ Alf Hiltebeitel (1991). The cult of Draupadī: Mythologies : from Gingee to Kurukserta. 1. Motilal Banarsidass. Page :35 ISBN 978-81-208-1000-6
- ↑ Silaiyezhupathu(1915) By Tamil Nadu Government Downstream Trails Library and Research Centre
- ↑ Alf Hiltebeitel (1991). The Cult of Draupadī: Mythologies: From Gingee to Kurukserta. Motilal Banarsidass. Page :38 ISBN 978-81-208-1000-6
- ↑ Barnett, Marguerite Ross (2015). The Politics of Cultural Nationalism in South India. Princeton University Press ISBN 9781400867189
- ↑ "List of Backward Classes approved by Government of Tamilnadu"
- ↑ "List of Backward Classes approved by Government of Tamilnadu"
- ↑ Vaniya Puranam (2004) Center for Indian Cultural Studies
- ↑ "Vanniyar Purana - One : (Source and -text) (Vanniyar -History, Art, Culture)"
- ↑ Vaniya Puranam (2004) Center for Indian Cultural Studies
- ↑ CLASS F. LITERATURE Kambar Silaiezhupathu - Work in praise of 11th century Palli or Vanniyar kings.
- ↑ Silaiyezhupathu(1915) By Tamil Nadu Government Downstream Trails Library and Research Centre
- ↑ Hiltebeitel, Alf (1991) (in en). The cult of Draupadī: Mythologies : from Gingee to Kurukserta. Motilal Banarsidass. Page No:36. ISBN 978-81-208-1000-6.
- ↑ "PMK agitation in support of reservation for Vanniyars paralyses traffic". The Hindu. 2 December 2020. ISSN 0971-751X
- ↑ 10.5% Internal Reservation Bill for Vanniars; Filed by Chief Minister Palaniswami".
