Vaccinated versus Unvaccinated Studies
AndyTheGrump (talk) 23:07, 27 October 2022 (UTC)
Vaccinated versus Unvaccinated study (VU and VU study) refers to epidemiological studies that compare different health metrics between groups of subjects: those who are fully vaccinated, those who are partially vaccinated, and those who are totally unvaccinated. VU studies look at the overall health of subjects and compare incidence rates of office visits and specific diseases based on vaccination rates.
This article relies on published journal articles rather than personal anecdotes.
Demographics
One study examined over 150,000 children. Undervaccinated children tended to be Black, have young unmarried mothers without college degrees, be near the poverty level, and live in cities. Unvaccinated children were more likely to be white, have married college-educated mothers, live in high-income families, and have parents who said doctors did not influence their medical decisions. They tended to live in clustered areas that were considered higher-risk for disease outbreaks.[1]
Two studies found that intelligent adults were more likely to get or want to get vaccines.[2][3]
In the United States, people in rural areas, especially the Deep South, have higher rates of vaccine hesitancy.[4]
Autistic children and their younger siblings are less likely to get fully vaccinated.[5]
Health
General
Analysis of health outcomes in vaccinated and unvaccinated children: Developmental delays, asthma, ear infections and gastrointestinal disorders
This study uses data from three medical practices in the United States. The report shows 2.18 times increased odds of developmental delays, 4.49 times asthma, and 2.13 times ear infections of the vaccinated versus unvaccinated. Authors cite conflicting interest with their involvement with [Children%27s_Health_Defense].[6]
Still, the study avoids making definitive claims about cause. For example, it's possible that parents who vaccinate their children are more proactive about their children's health in general, getting them tested and diagnosed instead of letting them go undiagnosed.[6]
Specific diseases and conditions
Vaccinated babies are less likely to die from Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS).[7][8] (However, experts haven't concluded that vaccines help prevent SIDS. For example, parents who vaccinate may also be more likely to follow other best practices to protect their children's health.)
Studies show that in older adults (who are at high risk), the flu vaccine greatly reduces the odds of contracting the flu, being hospitalized, and death.[9][10][11] One 5-year study in Mexico found that unvaccinated patients had higher rates of hospitalization, ICU admission, and in-hospital death—while none of the vaccinated patients died.[12]
In rural Guinea-Bissau, measles and BCG vaccines reduced the odds of infant death. (This wasn't true for the DTAP-polio vaccine, though there were some unique confounding variables with that vaccine.)[13]
For rotavirus, vaccinated patients have much lower odds of emergency room visits and hospitalizations.[14]
COVID-19
A 2022 study of 500 hospitalized COVID-19 patients found that vaccinated patients tended to have milder symptoms, need less intensive treatment, and get discharged from the hospital sooner.[15] Another study of children found that unvaccinated children were more likely to suffer infection and hospitalization relative to vaccinated children.[16]
A 2023 meta-analysis of over 20 million COVID-19 patients showed that unvaccinated patients were more than twice as likely to die from the disease.[17]
Questionable studies
In April 2017, a small study called "Pilot Comparative Study on the Health of Vaccinated and Unvaccinated 6- to 12-Year Old U.S. Children" generated controversy by claiming vaccinated children had worse health. The paper was created by an anti-vaccine advocate with funding from anti-vaccine groups. The cherry-picked sample and the accuracy of its statistical analyses were questioned. "This study, with its suspect statistics and devil-may-care attitude toward methodological design, is a case-study in how to publish a misleading paper with faulty data," Snopes concluded.[18]
See also
References
- ↑ Philip J. Smith, Susan Y. Chu, Lawrence E. Barker; Children Who Have Received No Vaccines: Who Are They and Where Do They Live?. Pediatrics July 2004; 114 (1): 187–195. 10.1542/peds.114.1.187
- ↑ Zur M, Shelef L, Glassberg E, Fink N, Matok I, Friedensohn L. Are intelligent people more likely to get vaccinated? The association between COVID-19 vaccine adherence and cognitive profiles. Vaccine. 2023 Sep 15;41(40):5848-5853. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.08.019. Epub 2023 Aug 15. PMID: 37591707.
- ↑ Batty GD, Deary IJ, Fawns-Ritchie C, Gale CR, Altschul D. Pre-pandemic Cognitive Function and COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: Cohort Study. medRxiv [Preprint]. 2021 Mar 25:2021.03.16.21253634. doi: 10.1101/2021.03.16.21253634. Update in: Brain Behav Immun. 2021 Aug;96:100-105. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.05.016. PMID: 37591726; PMCID: PMC8010758.
- ↑ Estimates of vaccine hesitancy for COVID-19, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- ↑ Scutti, Susan. Children with autism less likely to be fully vaccinated, study finds, CNN
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Hooker, B. S.; Miller, N. Z. (2020). "Analysis of health outcomes in vaccinated and unvaccinated children: Developmental delays, asthma, ear infections and gastrointestinal disorders". Sage Open Medicine. 8. doi:10.1177/2050312120925344. PMC 7268563 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 32537156 Check|pmid=value (help). - ↑ Mitchell EA, Stewart AW, Clements M. Immunisation and the sudden infant death syndrome. New Zealand Cot Death Study Group. Arch Dis Child. 1995 Dec;73(6):498-501. doi: 10.1136/adc.73.6.498. PMID: 8546503; PMCID: PMC1511439.
- ↑ Fleming PJ, Blair PS, Platt MW, Tripp J, Smith IJ, Golding J. The UK accelerated immunisation programme and sudden unexpected death in infancy: case-control study. BMJ. 2001 Apr 7;322(7290):822. doi: 10.1136/bmj.322.7290.822. PMID: 11290634; PMCID: PMC30557.
- ↑ Voordouw BC, van der Linden PD, Simonian S, van der Lei J, Sturkenboom MC, Stricker BH. Influenza vaccination in community-dwelling elderly: impact on mortality and influenza-associated morbidity. Arch Intern Med. 2003 May 12;163(9):1089-94. doi: 10.1001/archinte.163.9.1089. PMID: 12742808.
- ↑ Nichol KL, Nordin JD, Nelson DB, Mullooly JP, Hak E. Effectiveness of influenza vaccine in the community-dwelling elderly. N Engl J Med. 2007 Oct 4;357(14):1373-81. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa070844. PMID: 17914038.
- ↑ Walzer P, Estève C, Barben J, Menu D, Cuenot C, Manckoundia P, Putot A. Impact of Influenza Vaccination on Mortality in the Oldest Old: A Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study. Vaccines (Basel). 2020 Jul 3;8(3):356. doi: 10.3390/vaccines8030356. PMID: 32635210; PMCID: PMC7564344.
- ↑ Nuzzolo-Shihadeh L, Garza-Gonzalez E, Flores-Treviño S, Salazar-Montalvo R, Camacho-Ortiz A. Hospitalization and risk of death due to influenza among vaccinated and unvaccinated patients. A 5-year study in the northeastern Mexican population. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2022 Dec 30;18(7):2150474. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2150474. Epub 2022 Dec 1. PMID: 36457300; PMCID: PMC9762814.
- ↑ Kristensen I, Aaby P, Jensen H. Routine vaccinations and child survival: follow up study in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa. BMJ. 2000 Dec 9;321(7274):1435-8. doi: 10.1136/bmj.321.7274.1435. PMID: 11110734; PMCID: PMC27544.
- ↑ Pindyck T, Tate JE, Parashar UD. A decade of experience with rotavirus vaccination in the United States - vaccine uptake, effectiveness, and impact. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2018 Jul;17(7):593-606. doi: 10.1080/14760584.2018.1489724. Epub 2018 Jul 2. PMID: 37591726; PMCID: PMC9199965.
- ↑ Ruiz-Giardin JM, Rivilla M, Mesa N, Morales A, Rivas L, Izquierdo A, Escribá A, San Martín JV, Bernal-Bello D, Madroñal E, Farfán AI, Guerrero M, Calderón R, Duarte MA, Piedrabuena SI, Toledano-Macías M, Satué JÁ, Marrero J, de Ancos CL, Frutos B, Cristóbal R, Soria G, Ayala-Larrañaga I, Carpintero L, de Hita M, Lara C, Llerena ÁR, García V, Jiménez R, García V, Saiz-Lou EM, Prieto S, González-Pereira N, Lechuga LA, Tarancón J, Gonzalo S; FUENCOVID Group. Comparative Study of Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Hospitalised Patients: A Retrospective Population Study of 500 Hospitalised Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Spanish Population of 220,000 Inhabitants. Viruses. 2022 Oct 17;14(10):2284. doi: 10.3390/v14102284. PMID: 36298839; PMCID: PMC9611498.
- ↑ Dorabawila V, Hoefer D, Bauer UE, Bassett MT, Lutterloh E, Rosenberg ES. Risk of Infection and Hospitalization Among Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Children and Adolescents in New York After the Emergence of the Omicron Variant. JAMA. 2022;327(22):2242–2244. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.7319
- ↑ Ikeokwu AE, Lawrence R, Osieme ED, Gidado KM, Guy C, Dolapo O. Unveiling the Impact of COVID-19 Vaccines: A Meta-Analysis of Survival Rates Among Patients in the United States Based on Vaccination Status. Cureus. 2023 Aug 10;15(8):e43282. doi: 10.7759/cureus.43282. Epub 2022 Dec 1. PMID: 36457300; PMCID: PMC10492612.
- ↑ Kasprak, Alex. 'First Ever' Study Comparing Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Children Shows Harm from Vaccines?, Snopes
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