Abhayakamini
| Abhayakamini อภัยคามินี | |
|---|---|
| King of Sukhothai | |
| Reign | 957–959 |
| Predecessor | Under Qiān Zhī Fú |
| Successor | Sricandradhipati |
| Died | 959 Sukhothai |
| Consort | Nang Nak of Nan |
| Issue | Arunaraja of Mueang Chaliang Ṛddhikumāra of Kampoṭanagara Pasujakumāra of Mueang Chaliang |
| Dynasty | Phra Ruang |
Abhayakamini (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist., RTGS: Aphaiyakhamini) was a Mon monarch who reigned over Sukhothai from 957[1]:9 to 959.[2]:30 According to historical records, he fled from Haripuñjaya after its seizure by the Khom people of Umoṅkaselā and subsequently re-established Sukhothai,[1]:9 which had remained abandoned since the late 8th century, assuming the throne as its new ruler.[1]:8–10 In contrast, the Northern Chronicle records the date of Abhayakamini’s enthronement as occurring nearly a millennium earlier, in 44 BCE.[3]:8 However, a Thai historian, Prince Damrong Rajanubhab, asserted that the chronological framework employed in the chronicle is inconsistent to such an extent that it cannot be regarded as reliable, although much of its content is considered to possess a genuine historical foundation.[4] Abhayakamini was potentially succeeded by a commoner named Sricandradhipati (also known as Phra Ruang [II]), as the chronicle says he was given the throne and governed Sukhothai from 959 onwards.[2]:30
Abhayakamini was documented to have had two queen consorts.[3]:8–9 The first, Nang Nak, originated from the Tai chiefdom located in the present-day Nan Province and bore his eldest son, Arunaraja.[5][3]:9–10 The second consort gave birth to Ṛddhikumāra (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.) and Pasujakumāra (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.).[lower-alpha 1] When Abhayakamini resided in Haripuñjaya, his eldest son, Arunaraja—also known as Phra Ruang (พระร่วง), the first Phra Ruang—was appointed to govern Mueang Chaliang through marriage to the princess of the preceding ruler, who had no male heir.[3]:10–1[1]:11 Another prince, Ṛddhikumāra, married the princess of Mueang Pichai Chiang Mai (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.),[3]:13 identified with Thung Yung and also known as Kampoṭanagara (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.),[1]:9 and subsequently ascended its throne.[1]:12–13[3]:13 Meanwhile, the youngest prince, Pasujakumāra, succeeded his eldest brother as ruler of Mueang Chaliang.[1]:13[3]:13
The dynastic relationship between Sukhothai and the Nan Kingdom persisted until Nan was annexed by Lan Na in 1449.[5]
Notes
- ↑ The Northern Chronicle records that Pasujakumāra was the younger brother of Arunaraja, though it does not specify the identity of his mother. However, as the text states that Nang Nak bore only one son, namely Arunaraja, it is inferred that Pasujakumāra was born to another consort.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Maha Weerawong (1953). "พงศาวดารชาติไทย: ความเป็นมาของชาติแต่บยุคดึกดำบรรพ์" (in ไทย). Office of Academic Resources, Chulalongkorn University. Archived from the original on 8 March 2024.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 โบราณคดีสโมสร, ed. (1914), "พระราชพงศาวดารเหนือ" [Phraratchaphongsawadan Nuea], ประชุมพงษาวดาร ภาคที่ ๑ [A Collection of Chronicles] (PDF) (in ไทย), กรุงเทพฯ: โรงพิมพ์ไทย, retrieved 2024-06-17
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 Phra Wichianpreecha (Noi) (1934). Northern Chronicle (in Thai). Royal Society of Thailand. Retrieved 2 October 2025.
- ↑ Vajirayan Library. (1963). "Royal Commentary on the Book ‘Collected Chronicles, Part 1’ by H.R.H. Prince Damrong Rajanubhab," in Collected Chronicles, Vol. 1 (Part 1, Early Section). Bangkok: Kurusapha Publishing Organization, p. ง.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Thanachot Kiatnapat (7 January 2024). ""พระร่วง" ลูกนางนาค สะท้อนสัมพันธ์ร่วมเมืองน่านและกลุ่มชนลุ่มน้ำโขง" ["Phra Ruang", the son of Nang Nak, reflects the relationship between Nan and the Mekong River basin peoples]. www.silpa-mag.com (in ไทย). Archived from the original on 14 October 2025. Retrieved 15 October 2025. Unknown parameter
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