Sricandradhipati
| Sricandradhipati ศรีจันทราธิบดี | |
|---|---|
| King of Sukhothai | |
| File:Phraratchaniphon Phra Ruang (p 135).jpg Painting from the Royal Composition of Sricandradhipati (Phra Ruang) by King Rama VI | |
| King of Sukhothai | |
| Reign | 959–early 11th century |
| Predecessor | Abhayakamini |
| Successor | Arunaraja |
| Born | Lopburi |
| Died | Early 11th century Sukhothai |
| Father | Kongkrao |
Sricandradhipati (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist., RTGS: Sichantharathipbodi), also known as Phra Ruang II (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.), is a legendary monarch mentioned in the Legend of Phra Ruang.[1][2]:27–9 According to the narrative, he originated from Lavo Kingdom and was said to be the son of a commoner named Khongkhrao (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.).[1][3][4] He was subsequently offered the throne of Sukhothai in 1502 BE (959 CE).[2]:29
The legend recounts that while residing in Lavo, at the age of 11, Ruang was assigned the duty of collecting tribute for submission to Indaprasthanagara,[2]:27–9 which early Thai scholarship once tentatively identified with Yaśodharapura of Angkor.[5]:1–3 However, when the king of Indapraṣṭhanagara, potentially Sindhob Amarin, ordered his arrest, Ruang fled—first to Phichit and subsequently to Sukhothai—where he entered the Buddhist monastic order. In 959 CE, following the death of the reigning monarch of Sukhothai, who left no direct heir, the local populace invited Phra Ruang to leave the monkhood and he ascended the throne under the regnal title Sricandradhipati.[1][2]:27–9
During the same period, another local tradition, the Sihinganidāna, asserts that in 1500 BE (958/59 CE) Sukhothai was ruled by Śayaraṅga (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.) or Sunaraṅga (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.) or Suraṅgarājādhipatī (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.),[6]:9–10 identified with the honorific title Phra Ruang Ong Prasoet (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.; lit. Phra Ruang the Exalted) and also known as Phra Ruang Nak Rop (Script error: The function "langx" does not exist.; lit. Phra Ruang the Warrior). The text attributes to him an extensive sphere of authority, extending northward to the Nan River basin and to the south, met Nakhon Si Thammarat (Tambralinga)[7]:24 and Ayodhya.[6]:10 However, the narrative preserved in this tradition exhibits internal chronological inconsistencies, as the text asserts that the buddha image of Sihinga was brought to Sukhothai by Sunaraṅga,[6]:10–1 an event which later interpretations have dated to 1307 CE,[8] a period during which Sukhothai was demonstrably under the rule of Loe Thai.[9]:29
No extant contemporary source explicitly identifies his immediate successor, and the chronicle merely states that he died at the age of 102.[2]:29 However, Thai historian Birihan Thepthani has postulated that Arunaraja (Phra Ruang I), the son of Sricandradhipati’s predecessor and then-ruler of Mueang Chaliang, assumed sovereignty over Sukhothai.[10]:13–4
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Dinar Boontham (29 September 2018) [7 October 2012]. "ตำนานพระร่วง" [The Legend of Phra Ruang]. www.thaistudies.chula.ac.th (in ไทย). Institute of Thai Studies, Chulalongkorn University. Archived from the original on 14 October 2025. Retrieved 25 November 2019.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Phra Wichianpreecha (Noi) (1934). Northern Chronicle (in Thai). Royal Society of Thailand. Retrieved 2 October 2025.
- ↑ "เล่าขาน ตำนานพระร่วง" [Tell the legend of Phra Ruang]. Matichon Academy (in ไทย). ศูนย์อาชีพและธุรกิจมติชน. Archived from the original on 14 October 2025. Retrieved 15 October 2025.
- ↑ "นิทานพระร่วง" [Phra Ruang Tales] (in ไทย). Sukhothai Provincial Cultural Office. 30 March 2022. Retrieved 15 October 2025. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ Pattanakanana Chaiyan, Her Royal Highness (1932). Ruang Phra Pathum Suriyawong Sang Phra Nakhon Wat Nakhon Thom เรื่องพระปทุมสุริยวงษสร้างพระนครวัดนครธม (PDF) (in ไทย). Bangkok: Soponpiphatthanakorn. Search this book on
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Pariyatthadhammathada, Phraya (1963). "ตำนานพระพุทธสิหิงค์" [Sihinganidāna] (PDF) (in ไทย). Fine Arts Department. Retrieved 2 March 2026.
- ↑ Lha Amaramedho, Phra (2011). "การวิเคราะห์ตำนานสิหิงคนินานในล้านนา" [An Analysis of Sihinganidāna in Lanna] (PDF). Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University (in ไทย).
- ↑ "ส่งเสริมการอ่านผ่าน Facebook กับหอสมุดแห่งชาติชลบุรี เรื่อง พระพุทธสิหิงค์ฯ ชลบุรี" [Promoting reading via Facebook with the Chonburi National Library: A story about Phra Phutthasihing, Chonburi.] (in ไทย). Fine Arts Department.
- ↑ Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Foundation (2011). นามานุกรมพระมหากษัตริย์ไทย [Directory of Thai monarchs]. Bangkok: Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Foundation. ISBN 9786167308258. Search this book on
- ↑ Maha Weerawong (1953). "พงศาวดารชาติไทย: ความเป็นมาของชาติแต่บยุคดึกดำบรรพ์" (in ไทย). Office of Academic Resources, Chulalongkorn University. Archived from the original on 8 March 2024.
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