Battle of Manhala
| Battle of Manhala | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
 Pakistan |
 India | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
|
Niranjan Prasad Mohindar Singh | |||||||
| Strength | |||||||
|
10th Baluch Regiment 11th Divisions (Elements) |
7th Infantry Division (Elements) 48th Infantry Brigade | ||||||
The Battle of Manhala was a significant engagement during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 in the Lahore Sector. Manhala, being a border town located near the Wagah and Barki axis, became a primary target for the Indian Army's 7th Infantry Division during its advance towards the BRB Canal.[1]
Strategic significance
Geographically, the Manhala front held immense strategic value as it was situated between two major invasion axes. The Manhala Road (passing through Manhala town) lies between the Grand Trunk Road to its north—where the Battle of Dograi took place—and the Barki Road to its south, which was the site of the Battle of Barki.[2]
These three road networks served as the primary terrestrial links connecting Amritsar in India to the metropolitan city of Lahore in Pakistan. Due to this central position, the defense of Manhala was crucial to prevent Indian forces from outflanking Pakistani positions at either Dograi or Barki.[3]
The Battle
On the morning of 6 September 1965, Indian forces launched a multi-pronged attack across the International border. The 48th Infantry Brigade of the Indian Army was tasked with capturing the town of Manhala to secure the flank for further operations towards the Bambawali-Ravi-Bedian Canal.[4]
The initial defense of the sector was held by small outposts of the West Pakistan Rangers and elements of the 10th Baluch Regiment. By 7 September, after intense shelling and infantry charges, Indian forces succeeded in entering the town of Manhala.[5]
Counter-attacks and deadlock
The Pakistani miltry high command ordered immediate reinforcements to prevent the Indian Army from crossing the BRB Canal. Between 8 and 10 September, fierce hand-to-hand combat and artillery duels took place in the fields surrounding Manhala.[6]
Although the Indian forces held the village for a brief period, they faced stiff resistance from Pakistani artillery positioned behind the Bambawali-Ravi-Bedian Canal. This resistance effectively checked the Indian advance, preventing them from reaching the outskirts of Lahore city from this direction.[3]
Aftermath
The frontline stabilized around Manhala until the ceasefire was declared on 23 September 1965. Following the Tashkent Declaration in 1966, both nations agreed to withdraw their troops to positions held prior to 5 August 1965, and Manhala was returned to Pakistani control.[7]
See also
- Manhala
- Battle of Barki
- Battle of Dograi
- Indo-Pakistani War of 1965
References
- ↑ Musharraf, Pervez (2006). In the Line of Fire: A Memoir. Free Press. ISBN 978-0743283441. Search this book on
- ↑ Singh, Harbakhsh (1991). War Despatches: Indo-Pak Conflict 1965. Lancer International. ISBN 978-8170621171. Search this book on
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Cloughley, Brian (2016). A History of the Pakistan Army: Wars and Insurrections. Carrel Books. ISBN 978-1631440397. Search this book on
- ↑ Singh, Jogindar (1993). Behind the Scenes: An Analysis of India's Military Operations. Lancer Publishers. Search this book on
- ↑ "Sainik Samachar: The Soldier's Journal".
- ↑ Riza, Shaukat (1984). The Pakistan Army 1965. Services Book Club. Search this book on
- ↑ "The Tashkent Declaration". United Nations Treaty Series. Retrieved 28 March 2026.
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