Battle of Zhovkva
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The Battle of Zhovkva was a battle of the Polish–Ukrainian War that took place from January 6 to January 11, 1919.
The Battle[edit]
On January 1, 1919, Józef Piłsudski ordered the commander of the Bug Task Force, General Jan Romer was ordered to defeat and destroy the Western Ukrainian forces between the Rava-Ruska, Zhovkva, and the Bug. The total number of the "Bug Group" at that time numbered more than 6 thousand soldiers.
The main blow of the Polish forces at Christmas was inflicted on Zhovkva- Kulykiv - Lviv in order to defeat the UGA "Northern Group" and capture the Rava-Ruska-Kulykiv-Yavoriv triangle. An attempt by Boguslaw Shashkevych's UGA group to stop the offensive with a counterattack from the Pier failed. 7 infantry battalions, 3 squadrons of Uhlans and 3 artillery batteries of Colonel Kulinsky's group attacked the defense of the Ukrainians on the Lipnyk-Giyche section and launched an offensive on Zhovkva. Attempts by Kurmanovich's forces to stop the Polish offensive with counterattacks by Shashkevych's group from Prystan were unsuccessful. Only on the right flank, where Viktor Kurmanovych was directly in charge. Later on January 8, a Polish attempt at capturing Uhniv, was repulsed and was send back to the border of the River-Fence; in the morning however, the advanced Polish units approached Zhovkva.
The only military unit in the city was Yablonsky's spare hut. Kurmanovych decided not to throw untrained young shooters to certain death and ordered to leave Zhovkva and go to Zibolky; at the same time, active on the flanks, the UGA soldiers did not allow the Poles to widen the narrow corridor of the breakthrough. Kurmanovych's soldiers thwarted an attempt by parts of the Polish garrison in Lviv to advance towards Kulikov with a counterattack by Andriy Dolud's Cossack detachment and hundreds of USS lieutenant V. Levitsky. A group of Polish troops of Colonel Kulinsky captured Zhovkva, Kulykiv and broke through to Lviv. As early as January 8, by order of the commander of the North Group, units under the command of Ivan Kossak, Yaroslav Pasternak, and O. Yablonsky attacked Zhovkva and liberated the city in a short battle, capturing 50 prisoners, 17 rapid-fire rifles, 5 vehicles, guns, and other military property.
The actions of Dolud's detachment and the 1st tent of M. Klemkevych's 10th brigade inflicted a significant defeat on the Poles in a fierce battle near Dobrosyn and were pushed back to Rava-Ruska, and the northern wing of the Ukrainian-Polish front was restored and consolidated.
On January 10, the combined UGA detachments of Doluda and Volodymyr Sekunda repulsed Dublyany and drove the Poles to Lviv. With heavy losses, the Polish forces left the offensive on Uhryniv, and the attack of the Lviv garrison in the direction of Kozhich and Domazhyr in Podliv broke down . Before they had time to seize the Rava Ruska-Lviv railway line, the Poles did not pull the Ukrainian units out of Lviv.
The 5th Artillery Regiment was involved near Zhovkva, joined by a battery of heavy 152-mm howitzers of Lieutenant V. Klodnytsky, which arrived from Chortkiv. The Polish offensive scheduled for January 14 was preceded on January 11 by a new Ukrainian offensive on Lviv. The UGA seized part of the Polish convoys with weapons, which were heading for besieged Lviv. However, the fighting did not end on these days. Thus, The Lyusya was involved in a fight on January 15 at the Great Luben , helping shooters capture Zashkovychamy and Buchalamy.[1] This success was largely due to the failure of a large-scale offensive operation by the Polish command, which was deployed south of Lviv.
References[edit]
- ↑ V. A. Savchenko (2006). Twelve Wars for Ukraine. Kharkiv: Folio. p. 415. Search this book on
chapter "Front stabilization"
Bibliography[edit]
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