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Battles involving the Jat

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The Jat people ((Punjabi pronunciation: [d͡ʒəʈːᵊ]), (Hindi pronunciation: [d͡ʒaːʈ])) are a community of traditional peasants and herders in Northern India and Pakistan.[lower-alpha 1][lower-alpha 2][lower-alpha 3] Originally pastoralists in the lower Indus river-valley of Sindh, Jats migrated north into the Punjab region in late medieval times, and subsequently into the Delhi Territory, northeastern Rajputana, and the western Gangetic Plain in the 17th and 18th centuries.[4][5]

List of battles involving the Jat people[edit]

  • Battle of Salasal[6] (634)
  • Umayyad campaigns in India[7] (712-740)
  • Battle of the Indus River[8] (1026)
  • Battle of Hansi[9] (1192)
  • Battle of Samana[10] (1398)
    • The Battle of Samana was fought between Jats and the Turkish emperor Timur when he invaded India in 1398.
  • Battle of Tilpat[11] (1666)
    • The Battle of Tilpat (1666) was fought between Jats and Mughals near Tilpat in 1666. The Jats defeated the Mughals in this war.
  • Battle of Tilpat[12] (1669)
    • The Battle of Tilpat was fought between Jat chief Gokula and Mughals near Tilpat Haryana.
  • Battle of Firozpur Jhirka[13] (1684)
    • The Battle of Firozpur Jhirka was fought between Kanha Rawat, a Jat leader of Bahin village, and Mughals at Firozpur Jhirkha in 1684.
  • Jat's invasion of Agra[14] (1686)
    • Rajaram Jat attacked Akbar’s tomb at Agra but Mir Abul Fazl turned him back. Rajaram attacked Shikarpur & Ratanpur on his way back.
  • Rajaram Jat attacked Aghar Khan[15] (1687)
    • Rajaram Jat attacked Aghar Khan, who was going from Kabul to Aurangzeb’s Vijayapura camp via Dholpur. 5 miles from Dholpur, the Jats defeated Aghar Khan in a battle and killed him along with 80 of his followers.
  • Rajaram's attack on Mahabat Khan general of Hyderabad[16] (1688)
    • Rajaram attacked Mir Ibrahim (Mahabat Khan) at Agra while Mahabat was going to Punjab, but was repulsed after a long & stubborn battle in 1688.
  • Rajaram's invasion of Akbar's tomb[17] (1688)
    • In 1688, Rajaram made an attempt at the tomb of Akbar in Agra. The Jats took away the precious stones of the building, carpets, gold & silver vessels, lamps, etc., and damaged the building. Akbar’s bones were dragged out and thrown in the fire and burnt.
  • Battle of Bijal[18] (1688)
  • Battle of Sinsini[19] (1690)
  • Defeat of Mughals in Bayana, Hindaun [20] (1692)
    • Jat leader Fateh Singh defeated Mughal Kamal ul din Khan.
  • Fall of Kasot[21] (1692)
    • The Fort of Kasot was captured for Jat leader Fateh Singh and Mughals moved towards the pingora, the stronghold of Fateh Singh.
  • Battle of Sonkh[22] (1694)
    • This battle was fought between Raja Hathi Singh Jat ruler of Sonkh and Mughals. In 1694 AD, once again there was a war between the Mughals and the Jats, in which the Jat heroes of Hathi Singh defeated the Mughals. In this war, more than 800 Mughal Muslims were taken captive and hundreds of Mughals were killed.
  • Capture of Sinsini[23] (1704)
    • In 1704, Churaman Jat recaptured the Sinsini Fort from Mughals.
  • Battle of Fatehpur Sikri[24] (1721)
    • The Battle of Fatehpur Sikri was fought between Jat ruler Muhkam Singh and Dupty Governor of Mughals Nilkanth Nagar.
  • Capture of Sogar[25] (1733)
    • Jat ruler Suraj Mal of Bharatpur occupied Sogar from Jat ruler Khem Karan Sogaria.
  • Battle of Gwalior[26] (1740)
  • Battle of Chandaus[27] (1740)
    • The Battle of Chandus was fought between Jat ruler Surajmal and Afghan ruler Asad Khan at Aligarh. Asad Khal was killed in this war.
  • Battle of Gangwana[28] (1741)
    • Jats of Bharatpur and Rajputs of Karauli, Jaipur, Bondi, Kota attacked Jodhpur.
  • Battle of Bagru[29] (1748)
    • Jats, Rajputs and Marathas fought to choose who would become the Jaipur king.
  • Battle of Sarai of Sobhachand[30] (1750)
    • The Battle was fought between Jat ruler Suraj Mal of Bharatpur, Balram of Ballabgarh, Bhim Singh Rana of Gohad, Mughal commander Mir Bakshi and Sadat Khan in 1750.
  • Battle of Aligarh[31] (1753)
    • The Battle of Aligarh in 1753 was fought between Jats and Rajputs in Aligarh Uttar Pradesh.
  • Battle of Ghasera[32] (1753)
    • Battle fought between Jats and Bargujar rajputs on 1753 in ghasera near Mewat Haryana. King Surajmal and Bahadur Singh Bargujar fought this Battle.
  • Siege of Delhi[33] (1753)
    • Siege of Delhi fought between Jat ruler Suraj Mal and Mughal Rulers.
  • Battle of Kumher[34] (1754)
    • Battle of Kumher fought between Jats and Maratha on 1754. The battle was fought by Suraj Mal and Khanderao Holkar.
  • Battle of Gwalior[35] (1754)
    • Bhim Singh Rana Jat ruler of Gohad defeated Marathas under Vitthal Vinchurkar.
  • Capture of Alwar[36] (1756)
    • Jats captured Alwar from Mughals in 1756.
  • Battle of Gwalior[37] (1756)
  • Battle of Bharatpur[38] (1757)
    • Battle of Bharatpur was fought between forces of Suraj Mal and Afghan ruler Ahmad Shah Abdali.
  • Battle of Ballabgarh[39] (1757)
    • Battle of Ballabgarh 1757 fought between Jat ruler Jawahar Singh of Bharatpur and Afghan ruler Ahmad Shah Abdali in 1757
  • Capture of Delhi[40] (1760)
    • Jat and Maratha alliance captured Delhi from Mughal and Afghans.
  • Battle of Gwalior[41] (1761)
  • Battle of Agra[42] (1761)
    • Battle of Agra was fought between Jats and Mughals near Agra Fort on 1761.
  • Battle of Farrukhnagar[43] (1763)
    • Battle of Farrukhnagar was fought between Jats and balochs.
  • Battle of Hindon river[44] (1763)
    • Battle of Hindon river fought between Jats and Afghans.
  • Battle of Tilpat[45] (1764)
    • Battle of Tilpat 1764 fought between Jat ruler Jawahar Singh and Afghan ruler Najib ad daulah at Tilpat near faridabad on 1764.
  • Battle of Delhi[46] (1764)
    • Battle of Delhi 1764 fought between Jats and Mughals, Afghans. Jat ruler Jawahar Singh of Bharatpur lead a siege of Delhi against Mughals and Afghans.
  • Battle of Moada and Mandholi[47] (1767)
    • Battle of Moadha and Mandholi fought between Jat ruler of Bharatpur and Kachwaha ruler of Jaipur.
  • Battle of Kama[48] (1768)
    • Battle of Kama was fought between Jats and kachwahas on 1768.
  • Battle of Gwalior[49] (1780)
  • Battle of Deeg[50] (1804)
    • Jats fought against British East India Company in Deeg. Jat leader was Ranjeet Singh of Bharatpur.
  • Siege of Bharatpur[51] (1805)
    • Siege of Bharatpur was fight between Jats and British East India Company.
  • Siege of Hathras[52] (1817)
    • Siege of Hathras was fought between Raja Dayaram Jat ruler of Hathras and British East India Company in 1817.
  • Battle of Bharatpur[53] (1825-1826)
    • Battle of Bharatpur 1825 fought between Jat ruler of Bharatpur and Britishers.
  • Battle of Dograi[54] (1965)
    • Battle of Dograi 1965 was fight between 3 Jat of Jat regiment and Punjab Regiment, Baloch Regiment of Pakistan in India Pakistan war 1965.

Footnotes[edit]

  1. "Glossary: Jat: title of north India's major non-elite 'peasant' caste."[1]
  2. "... in the middle decades of the (nineteenth) century, there were two contrasting trends in India's agrarian regions. Previously marginal areas took off as zones of newly profitable 'peasant' agriculture, disadvantaging non-elite tilling groups, who were known by such titles as Jat in western NWP and Gounder in Coimbatore."[2]
  3. "In the later nineteenth century, this thinking led colonial officials to try to protect Sikh Jats and other non-elite 'peasants' whom they now favoured as military recruits by advocating legislation under the so-called land alienation."[3]

References[edit]

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  2. Bayly, Susan (2001). Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age. Cambridge University Press. p. 201. ISBN 978-0-521-79842-6. Retrieved 15 October 2011. Search this book on
  3. Bayly, Susan (2001). Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age. Cambridge University Press. p. 212. ISBN 978-0-521-79842-6. Retrieved 15 October 2011. Search this book on
  4. Asher, Catherine Ella Blanshard; Talbot, Cynthia (2006). India before Europe. Cambridge University Press. p. 269. ISBN 978-0-521-80904-7. Retrieved 29 October 2011. Search this book on
  5. Khazanov, Anatoly M.; Wink, Andre (2012), Nomads in the Sedentary World, Routledge, p. 177, ISBN 978-1-136-12194-4, retrieved 15 August 2013
  6. Ahmed, Abdulla (1973). The Historical Background of Pakistan and Its People. Tanzeem Publishers. p. 99. Search this book on
  7. Vijaya Ramaswamy, ed. (2017). Migrations in Medieval and Early Colonial India. Routledge. ISBN 9781351558242. Search this book on
  8. Habib, Mohammad (1981). Politics and Society During the Early Medieval Period: Collected Works of Professor Mohammad Habib, Volume 2. People's Publishing House. p. 64. Search this book on
  9. Nabī Bakhshu Khānu Balocu; Nabī Baḵẖshu Ḵẖānu Balocu (1995). Lands of Pakistan: Perspectives, Historical and Cultural. el-Mashriqi Foundation. p. 94. Search this book on
  10. Buddha, Prakash (1967). Glimpses of Hariyana. University of Kurukshetra. p. 44. Search this book on
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  17. Hooja, Rima (2006). A History of Rajasthan (illustrated ed.). Rupa & Company. p. 611. ISBN 9788129108906. Search this book on
  18. Sarkar, Sir Jadunath (1930). History of Aurangzib: Mainly Based on Persian Sources, Volumes 4-5. M.C. Sarkar & sons. p. 242. Search this book on
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  20. Bhargava, Visheshwar Sarup (1979). Rise of the Kachhawas in Dhundhar (Jaipur): From the Earliest Times to the Death of Sawai Jai Singh, 1743 A.D. Shabd Sanchar. p. 129. Search this book on
  21. Bhatnagar, V. S. (1974). Life and Times of Sawai Jai Singh, 1688-1743. Impex India. pp. 13–14. Search this book on
  22. Singh, Kawarpal; Sharma, Anil; Singh, Manvendra (2019). Maharaja Hathi Singh Tomar, only ruler of north india , who captured the mewat region after defeating mughal forces: Tomar Jat Rulers of North India. World History Research Organisation. p. 42. Search this book on
  23. Pande, Ram (2006). Social and Political History of the Jats, Bharatpur Upto 1826 (2 ed.). Shodhak. p. 13. Search this book on
  24. Gupta, Kunj Bihari Lal (1969). The Evolution of Administration of the Former Bharatpur State, 1722-1947. Vidya Bhawan. p. 3. Search this book on
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  26. Misra, B. D. (1993). Forts and Fortresses of Gwalior and Its Hinterland (illustrated ed.). Manohar Publishers and Distributors. p. 148. ISBN 9788173040474. Search this book on
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  28. Pande, Ram (2006). Social and Political History of the Jats, Bharatpur Upto 1826 (2 ed.). Shodhak. p. 34. Search this book on
  29. Sarkar, Sir Jadunath (1966). Fall of the Mughal Empire: 1754-1771 (Panipat) (3 ed.). M. C. Sarkar. p. 312. Search this book on
  30. Pande, Ram (1970). Bharatpur Upto 1826: A Social and Political History of the Jats. Rama Publishing House. p. 51. Search this book on
  31. "Sarban Singh, Haryana (India). Gazetteers Organisation". Haryana State Gazetteer: Lacks special title. Haryana Gazetteers Organisation, Revenue Department. 2001. p. 228. Search this book on
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  33. Chopra, Prabha (1976). Delhi Gazetteer. The Unit. p. 65. Search this book on
  34. "Kurukshetra University". Journal of Haryana Studies, Volume 17. Kurukshetra University. 1985. p. 24. Search this book on
  35. Singh, Ajai Pal (1987). Forts and Fortifications in India: With Special Reference to Central India. Agam Kala Prakashan. p. 52. Search this book on
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  38. Pande, Ram (1970). Bharatpur Upto 1826: A Social and Political History of the Jats. Rama Publishing House. p. 65. Search this book on
  39. Pakistan Historical Society, ed. (1984). "Pakistan Historical Society. Board of". A History of the Freedom Movement: 1707-1831 (reprint ed.). Renaissance Publishing House. p. 273. Search this book on
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