Battles involving the Jat
The Jat people ((Punjabi pronunciation: [d͡ʒəʈːᵊ]), (Hindi pronunciation: [d͡ʒaːʈ])) are a community of traditional peasants and herders in Northern India and Pakistan.[lower-alpha 1][lower-alpha 2][lower-alpha 3] Originally pastoralists in the lower Indus river-valley of Sindh, Jats migrated north into the Punjab region in late medieval times, and subsequently into the Delhi Territory, northeastern Rajputana, and the western Gangetic Plain in the 17th and 18th centuries.[4][5]
List of battles involving the Jat people[edit]
- Battle of Salasal[6] (634)
- The Persian commander Hurmuz made an alliance with Jats against Arabian commander Khalid ibn al-Walid.
- Umayyad campaigns in India[7] (712-740)
- When Muhammad ibn Qasim invaded Sindh, the Arabs made an alliance with Jats.
- Battle of the Indus River[8] (1026)
- The Battle of the Indus River was fought between Jats of Sindh and Turk emperor Mahmud of Ghazni of Ghaznavid Empire.
- Battle of Hansi[9] (1192)
- The Battle of Hansi was fought between Jatwan Malik, the Jat military commander of Haryana, and Qutb al-Din Aibak, an Afghan General of Muhammad of Ghor of Ghurid Empire, near Fort Hansi in 1193 after the death of Prithviraj Chauhan.
- Battle of Samana[10] (1398)
- Battle of Tilpat[11] (1666)
- Battle of Tilpat[12] (1669)
- Battle of Firozpur Jhirka[13] (1684)
- Jat's invasion of Agra[14] (1686)
- Rajaram Jat attacked Akbar’s tomb at Agra but Mir Abul Fazl turned him back. Rajaram attacked Shikarpur & Ratanpur on his way back.
- Rajaram Jat attacked Aghar Khan[15] (1687)
- Rajaram Jat attacked Aghar Khan, who was going from Kabul to Aurangzeb’s Vijayapura camp via Dholpur. 5 miles from Dholpur, the Jats defeated Aghar Khan in a battle and killed him along with 80 of his followers.
- Rajaram's attack on Mahabat Khan general of Hyderabad[16] (1688)
- Rajaram attacked Mir Ibrahim (Mahabat Khan) at Agra while Mahabat was going to Punjab, but was repulsed after a long & stubborn battle in 1688.
- Rajaram's invasion of Akbar's tomb[17] (1688)
- In 1688, Rajaram made an attempt at the tomb of Akbar in Agra. The Jats took away the precious stones of the building, carpets, gold & silver vessels, lamps, etc., and damaged the building. Akbar’s bones were dragged out and thrown in the fire and burnt.
- Battle of Bijal[18] (1688)
- The Battle of Bijal was fought between the Chauhan Rajputs Jat leader Rajaram Jat and Shekhawat Rajputs.
- Battle of Sinsini[19] (1690)
- The Churaman Jat and Bishan Singh of Jaipur. In this Battle 700 Rajputs and 200 Mughals killed against 1500 Jats.
- Defeat of Mughals in Bayana, Hindaun [20] (1692)
- Fall of Kasot[21] (1692)
- Battle of Sonkh[22] (1694)
- This battle was fought between Raja Hathi Singh Jat ruler of Sonkh and Mughals. In 1694 AD, once again there was a war between the Mughals and the Jats, in which the Jat heroes of Hathi Singh defeated the Mughals. In this war, more than 800 Mughal Muslims were taken captive and hundreds of Mughals were killed.
- Capture of Sinsini[23] (1704)
- In 1704, Churaman Jat recaptured the Sinsini Fort from Mughals.
- Battle of Fatehpur Sikri[24] (1721)
- The Battle of Fatehpur Sikri was fought between Jat ruler Muhkam Singh and Dupty Governor of Mughals Nilkanth Nagar.
- Capture of Sogar[25] (1733)
- Battle of Gwalior[26] (1740)
- The Battle of Gwalior (1740) was fought between Jat ruler of Gohad Bhim Singh Rana and Mughals. Bhim Singh Rana captured Gwalior Fort from Mughals in 1740.
- Battle of Chandaus[27] (1740)
- The Battle of Chandus was fought between Jat ruler Surajmal and Afghan ruler Asad Khan at Aligarh. Asad Khal was killed in this war.
- Battle of Gangwana[28] (1741)
- Jats of Bharatpur and Rajputs of Karauli, Jaipur, Bondi, Kota attacked Jodhpur.
- Battle of Bagru[29] (1748)
- Jats, Rajputs and Marathas fought to choose who would become the Jaipur king.
- Battle of Sarai of Sobhachand[30] (1750)
- The Battle was fought between Jat ruler Suraj Mal of Bharatpur, Balram of Ballabgarh, Bhim Singh Rana of Gohad, Mughal commander Mir Bakshi and Sadat Khan in 1750.
- Battle of Aligarh[31] (1753)
- The Battle of Aligarh in 1753 was fought between Jats and Rajputs in Aligarh Uttar Pradesh.
- Battle of Ghasera[32] (1753)
- Battle fought between Jats and Bargujar rajputs on 1753 in ghasera near Mewat Haryana. King Surajmal and Bahadur Singh Bargujar fought this Battle.
- Siege of Delhi[33] (1753)
- Siege of Delhi fought between Jat ruler Suraj Mal and Mughal Rulers.
- Battle of Kumher[34] (1754)
- Battle of Kumher fought between Jats and Maratha on 1754. The battle was fought by Suraj Mal and Khanderao Holkar.
- Battle of Gwalior[35] (1754)
- Bhim Singh Rana Jat ruler of Gohad defeated Marathas under Vitthal Vinchurkar.
- Capture of Alwar[36] (1756)
- Jats captured Alwar from Mughals in 1756.
- Battle of Gwalior[37] (1756)
- Battle of Gwalior 1756 was fought between Jat ruler Bhim Singh Rana and Maratha ruler Mahadaji Shinde.
- Battle of Bharatpur[38] (1757)
- Battle of Bharatpur was fought between forces of Suraj Mal and Afghan ruler Ahmad Shah Abdali.
- Battle of Ballabgarh[39] (1757)
- Battle of Ballabgarh 1757 fought between Jat ruler Jawahar Singh of Bharatpur and Afghan ruler Ahmad Shah Abdali in 1757
- Capture of Delhi[40] (1760)
- Jat and Maratha alliance captured Delhi from Mughal and Afghans.
- Battle of Gwalior[41] (1761)
- After the Marathas defeated by Afghans in Third Battle of Panipat. Jat ruler Chattar Singh of Gohad recaptured Gwalior from Marathas.
- Battle of Agra[42] (1761)
- Battle of Agra was fought between Jats and Mughals near Agra Fort on 1761.
- Battle of Farrukhnagar[43] (1763)
- Battle of Farrukhnagar was fought between Jats and balochs.
- Battle of Hindon river[44] (1763)
- Battle of Hindon river fought between Jats and Afghans.
- Battle of Tilpat[45] (1764)
- Battle of Tilpat 1764 fought between Jat ruler Jawahar Singh and Afghan ruler Najib ad daulah at Tilpat near faridabad on 1764.
- Battle of Delhi[46] (1764)
- Battle of Delhi 1764 fought between Jats and Mughals, Afghans. Jat ruler Jawahar Singh of Bharatpur lead a siege of Delhi against Mughals and Afghans.
- Battle of Moada and Mandholi[47] (1767)
- Battle of Moadha and Mandholi fought between Jat ruler of Bharatpur and Kachwaha ruler of Jaipur.
- Battle of Kama[48] (1768)
- Battle of Kama was fought between Jats and kachwahas on 1768.
- Battle of Gwalior[49] (1780)
- Jat ruler Chattar Singh of Gohad captured Gwalior from Maratha Ruler Mahadaji Scindia in 1780.
- Battle of Deeg[50] (1804)
- Jats fought against British East India Company in Deeg. Jat leader was Ranjeet Singh of Bharatpur.
- Siege of Bharatpur[51] (1805)
- Siege of Bharatpur was fight between Jats and British East India Company.
- Siege of Hathras[52] (1817)
- Siege of Hathras was fought between Raja Dayaram Jat ruler of Hathras and British East India Company in 1817.
- Battle of Bharatpur[53] (1825-1826)
- Battle of Bharatpur 1825 fought between Jat ruler of Bharatpur and Britishers.
- Battle of Dograi[54] (1965)
- Battle of Dograi 1965 was fight between 3 Jat of Jat regiment and Punjab Regiment, Baloch Regiment of Pakistan in India Pakistan war 1965.
Footnotes[edit]
- ↑ "Glossary: Jat: title of north India's major non-elite 'peasant' caste."[1]
- ↑ "... in the middle decades of the (nineteenth) century, there were two contrasting trends in India's agrarian regions. Previously marginal areas took off as zones of newly profitable 'peasant' agriculture, disadvantaging non-elite tilling groups, who were known by such titles as Jat in western NWP and Gounder in Coimbatore."[2]
- ↑ "In the later nineteenth century, this thinking led colonial officials to try to protect Sikh Jats and other non-elite 'peasants' whom they now favoured as military recruits by advocating legislation under the so-called land alienation."[3]
References[edit]
- ↑ Bayly, Susan (2001). Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age. Cambridge University Press. p. 385. ISBN 978-0-521-79842-6. Retrieved 15 October 2011. Search this book on
- ↑ Bayly, Susan (2001). Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age. Cambridge University Press. p. 201. ISBN 978-0-521-79842-6. Retrieved 15 October 2011. Search this book on
- ↑ Bayly, Susan (2001). Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age. Cambridge University Press. p. 212. ISBN 978-0-521-79842-6. Retrieved 15 October 2011. Search this book on
- ↑ Asher, Catherine Ella Blanshard; Talbot, Cynthia (2006). India before Europe. Cambridge University Press. p. 269. ISBN 978-0-521-80904-7. Retrieved 29 October 2011. Search this book on
- ↑ Khazanov, Anatoly M.; Wink, Andre (2012), Nomads in the Sedentary World, Routledge, p. 177, ISBN 978-1-136-12194-4, retrieved 15 August 2013
- ↑ Ahmed, Abdulla (1973). The Historical Background of Pakistan and Its People. Tanzeem Publishers. p. 99. Search this book on
- ↑ Vijaya Ramaswamy, ed. (2017). Migrations in Medieval and Early Colonial India. Routledge. ISBN 9781351558242. Search this book on
- ↑ Habib, Mohammad (1981). Politics and Society During the Early Medieval Period: Collected Works of Professor Mohammad Habib, Volume 2. People's Publishing House. p. 64. Search this book on
- ↑ Nabī Bakhshu Khānu Balocu; Nabī Baḵẖshu Ḵẖānu Balocu (1995). Lands of Pakistan: Perspectives, Historical and Cultural. el-Mashriqi Foundation. p. 94. Search this book on
- ↑ Buddha, Prakash (1967). Glimpses of Hariyana. University of Kurukshetra. p. 44. Search this book on
- ↑ Haryana (India) (1994). Kiran Prem, ed. Haryana District Gazetteers: Faridabad. Haryana Gazetteers Organization. p. 28. Search this book on
- ↑ Jahan, Dr.Ishrat. Socio-Cultural life in Medieval History. Lulu.com. p. 52. ISBN 9780359222803. Search this book on
- ↑ Haryana (India) (1994). Kiran Prem, ed. Haryana District Gazetteers: Faridabad. Haryana Gazetteers Organization. p. 97. Search this book on
- ↑ Sarkar, Sir Jadunath (1924). History of Aurangzib: The closing years, 1689-1707. 1st ed. 1924. M.C. Sarkar & sons. p. 297. Search this book on
- ↑ Nagar, Ishwardas (1978). Tasneem Ahmad, ed. Ishwardas Nagar's Futuhat-i-Alamgiri. Idarah-i Adabiyat-i Delli. p. 222. Search this book on
- ↑ Nagar, Ishwardas (1978). Tasneem Ahmad, ed. Ishwardas Nagar's Futuhat-i-Alamgiri. Idarah-i Adabiyat-i Delli. p. 222. Search this book on
- ↑ Hooja, Rima (2006). A History of Rajasthan (illustrated ed.). Rupa & Company. p. 611. ISBN 9788129108906. Search this book on
- ↑ Sarkar, Sir Jadunath (1930). History of Aurangzib: Mainly Based on Persian Sources, Volumes 4-5. M.C. Sarkar & sons. p. 242. Search this book on
- ↑ Congress, Indian History (1948). Proceedings. Indian History Congress. p. 171. Search this book on
- ↑ Bhargava, Visheshwar Sarup (1979). Rise of the Kachhawas in Dhundhar (Jaipur): From the Earliest Times to the Death of Sawai Jai Singh, 1743 A.D. Shabd Sanchar. p. 129. Search this book on
- ↑ Bhatnagar, V. S. (1974). Life and Times of Sawai Jai Singh, 1688-1743. Impex India. pp. 13–14. Search this book on
- ↑ Singh, Kawarpal; Sharma, Anil; Singh, Manvendra (2019). Maharaja Hathi Singh Tomar, only ruler of north india , who captured the mewat region after defeating mughal forces: Tomar Jat Rulers of North India. World History Research Organisation. p. 42. Search this book on
- ↑ Pande, Ram (2006). Social and Political History of the Jats, Bharatpur Upto 1826 (2 ed.). Shodhak. p. 13. Search this book on
- ↑ Gupta, Kunj Bihari Lal (1969). The Evolution of Administration of the Former Bharatpur State, 1722-1947. Vidya Bhawan. p. 3. Search this book on
- ↑ Hooja, Rima (2006). A History of Rajasthan (illustrated ed.). Rupa & Company. p. 732. ISBN 9788129108906. Search this book on
- ↑ Misra, B. D. (1993). Forts and Fortresses of Gwalior and Its Hinterland (illustrated ed.). Manohar Publishers and Distributors. p. 148. ISBN 9788173040474. Search this book on
- ↑ Sarkar, Sir Jadunath (1966). Fall of the Mughal Empire: 1754-1771 (Panipat) (3 ed.). M. C. Sarkar. p. 311. Search this book on
- ↑ Pande, Ram (2006). Social and Political History of the Jats, Bharatpur Upto 1826 (2 ed.). Shodhak. p. 34. Search this book on
- ↑ Sarkar, Sir Jadunath (1966). Fall of the Mughal Empire: 1754-1771 (Panipat) (3 ed.). M. C. Sarkar. p. 312. Search this book on
- ↑ Pande, Ram (1970). Bharatpur Upto 1826: A Social and Political History of the Jats. Rama Publishing House. p. 51. Search this book on
- ↑ "Sarban Singh, Haryana (India). Gazetteers Organisation". Haryana State Gazetteer: Lacks special title. Haryana Gazetteers Organisation, Revenue Department. 2001. p. 228. Search this book on
- ↑ "India. Director of Census Operations, Haryana". Census of India, 1991: Haryana, Volume 12, Parts 1-2. Government of Haryana. 1993. p. 9. Search this book on
- ↑ Chopra, Prabha (1976). Delhi Gazetteer. The Unit. p. 65. Search this book on
- ↑ "Kurukshetra University". Journal of Haryana Studies, Volume 17. Kurukshetra University. 1985. p. 24. Search this book on
- ↑ Singh, Ajai Pal (1987). Forts and Fortifications in India: With Special Reference to Central India. Agam Kala Prakashan. p. 52. Search this book on
- ↑ "University of Kerala. Department of History, University of Allahabad. Department of Modern Indian History, University of Travancore, University of Kerala". Journal of Indian History, Volume 49. Department of Modern Indian History. 1971. p. 220. Search this book on
- ↑ Misra, B. D. (1993). Forts and Fortresses of Gwalior and Its Hinterland (illustrated ed.). Manohar Publishers and Distributors. p. 51. ISBN 9788173040474. Search this book on
- ↑ Pande, Ram (1970). Bharatpur Upto 1826: A Social and Political History of the Jats. Rama Publishing House. p. 65. Search this book on
- ↑ Pakistan Historical Society, ed. (1984). "Pakistan Historical Society. Board of". A History of the Freedom Movement: 1707-1831 (reprint ed.). Renaissance Publishing House. p. 273. Search this book on
- ↑ Vyāsa, Rāma Prasāda (1986). Rājasthāna kā br̥hat itihāsa: 1707 se 1818 Ī (in Hindi). Rājasthāna Hindī Grantha Akādamī. p. 315-316.CS1 maint: Unrecognized language (link) Search this book on
- ↑ Mutatkar, Ramchandra Keshav (1978). Caste Dimensions in a Village. Shubhada-Saraswat. p. 14. Search this book on
- ↑ Maheshwari, Anil (1996). Taj Mahal: Moon Still Shines : an Environmental Mess. Ajanta Publications. p. 62. Search this book on
- ↑ Vaish, Devi Charan Lal (1972). The Rise of British Power and the Fall of Marathas. Upper India Publishing House. p. 135. Search this book on
- ↑ Sharma, Gautam (1990). Valour and Sacrifice: Famous Regiments of the Indian Army. Allied Publishers. p. 153. ISBN 9788170231400. Search this book on
- ↑ Hooja, Rima (2006). A History of Rajasthan (illustrated ed.). Rupa & Company. p. 736. ISBN 9788129108906. Search this book on
- ↑ "Iran Society (Kolkata, India)". Indo-iranica, Volume 44. Iran Society. 1991. Search this book on
- ↑ Anil Chandra, Banerjee (1980). The Rajput States and British Paramountcy. Rajesh Publications. p. 105. Search this book on
- ↑ Proceedings, Volume 34. 1973. Search this book on
- ↑ Chakravarty, Kalyan Kumar (1984). Gwalior Fort: Art, Culture, and History (illustrated ed.). Arnold-Heinemann. p. 105. ISBN 9780391032231. Search this book on
- ↑ "Battle of Deeg, 1804". militarymaps.rct.uk. Retrieved 15 May 2022.
- ↑ Qureshi, Mohammed Ibrahim (1958). The First Punjabis: History of the First Punjab Regiment, 1759-1956. Gale & Polden. p. 74. Search this book on
- ↑ Chaudhuri, Sashi Bhusan (1955). Civil Disturbances During the British Rule in India, 1765-1857 (reprint ed.). World Press. p. 89. ISBN 9780598577856. Search this book on
- ↑ "William Wilson Hunter, James Sutherland Cotton, Sir Richard Burn, Sir William Stevenson Meyer, Great Britain. India Office". Imperial Gazetteer of India ... Clarendon Press. 1909. p. 134. Search this book on
- ↑ "India. Ministry of Defence". Sainik Samachar, Volume 55. Director of Public Relations, Ministry of Defence. 2008. p. 13. Search this book on
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