Bernard Parham
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| Bernard Parham | |
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 Bernard.Parham.jpg Bernard Parham at USCF chess tournament in 2010 | |
| Born | October , 1946 Indianapolis, United States |
| 💼 Occupation | |
| Twitter= | |
Bernard Parham (born 1946) is an American chess player and chess teacher of long standing. Parham is one of the few chess players to have a chess opening named after him, the eponymous Parham Attack. Parham is the only master level player to play the Parham Attack consistently, as White, throughout his career. Parham earned the National master title, awarded by the United States Chess Federation (USCF), in 1992.[1] Although the opening violates the often-quoted rule in chess not to develop the Queen early in the opening, Parham argues that the Parham Attack is based on sound strategic principles and, in that, is similar to the Hypermodern Openings of Richard Réti, which, though derided on their introduction, are now part of the mainstream of chess. In 2005, US Grandmaster Hikaru Nakamura played the Parham attack against Indian GM Krishnan Sasikiran, in a tournament in Copenhagen/Malmö, Denmark. Nakamura obtained a promising position in the opening, though he eventually lost the game due to an inaccuracy.[2] Leonard Barden, British chess master and former British Chess Champion, wrote in his chess column in The Guardian that, if Nakamura continued to play the Parham Attack, there could be a “big rethink”, regarding early Queen development.[3]
Early life[edit]
Bernard Parham was born in October, 1946 to Afro-American parents Eddie Parham, a WWII veteran and Kathleen Parham, a nurse, in Indianapolis, Indiana. Bernard, one of five siblings, was introduced to chess by an uncle. Young Bernard played chess regularly at the local YMCA. Chess hustlers, who played speed chess for money in local parks, made a lasting impression on young Bernard. He noted that the most successful speed players tended to develop their queen early.
Parham attended Crispus Attucks High School in Indianapolis and met his future wife Lugenia Parham there. While attending Purdue University as a physics student, Bernard became Indiana State Chess Champion in 1967, about the time his first child, Lugenia (Little Genie) was born. Bernard held numerous jobs to support his chess activities and to provide for his young family. At various times, he worked at a factory in Lafayette, Indiana. After the birth of his son, Bernard Junior, he worked as a fireman, a Sheriff deputy and as an Emergency Medical Technician (EMT).
Chess career[edit]
In the 1970s Bernard was an active chess player in local tournaments in Indiana and Illinois and often prevailed in quick weekend tournaments. In 1967, Parham became the twenty-sixth Indiana State Chess Champion since 1942.[4] He also attracted a large number of young chess students, many being the offspring of Purdue University professors.[citation needed]
In the 1970s Parham opened a Chess Studio in West Lafayette, Indiana, which morphed into Chess Academy Parham in the 1980s. Chess Academy Parham also hosted Indianapolis chess tournaments, such as, the 2002 Challenge Preliminaries.[5] The application of Parham's Matrix System is described on the media site, 'Intake Weekly', where reference is made to Bernard Parham having once defeated Bobby Fischer.[6]
In fact, Bernard Parham's defeat of twenty-one-year-old Bobby Fischer occurred in a simultaneous exhibition in New Orleans, Louisiana. Bernard, who was registered for the simultaneous by his uncle, Fenner Parham, played Black.[7]
Opening: Italian Game: Evans Gambit. Tartakower Attack (C52) White: Robert James Fischer, Black: Bernard Parham, Venue: Simul, 75b (1964) (exhibition), Location: New Orleans, LA, USA, Date: 04/26/1964:
1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bc4 Bc5 4. b4 Bxb4 5. c3 Ba5 6. d4 d6 7. Qb3 Qd7 8. dxe5 Bb6 9. exd6 Na5 10. Qb4 Nxc4 11. Qxc4 cxd6 12. O-O Nf6 13. Ba3 O-O 14. e5 Qg4 15. Nbd2 Nh5 16. Qxg4 Bxg4 17. Bxd6 Rfc8 18. c4 Nf4 19. Rab1 Bf5 20. Rb3 Be6 21. g3 Ne2+ 22. Kg2 Bxc4 23. Nxc4 Rxc4 24. Re1 Rc2 25. Rf1 Rxa2 26. Ng5 Rc8 27. Rf3 Nd4 28. Rd3 Rcc2 29. Ne4 Nf5 30. g4 Ne3+ 31. Rxe3 Bxe3 32. Kg3 Rc1 33. Rxc1 Bxc1 34. f4 (diagram) Re2 35. Nc5 b5 36. f5 Ba3 37. Resigns 0-1
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| Moves | 34…Re2 35. Nc5 b5 36. f5 Ba3 37. Resigns 0-1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| ECO | C52 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Parent | Italian Game: Evans Gambit. Tartakower Attack | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Parham also invested into promoting women's chess and had numerous adult and junior female chess students. His most successful female student,[citation needed] Judy Rippeth of Indiana was invited to play in the 1974 US Women's Chess Championship. She finished tenth, with a score of 3/11.[8]
Parham's participation and promotion of chess also extended to International venues. One of his illustrative games, a Parham Attack originates from the 1982 Indianapolis Scarborough (CAN) Peace Games:[9]
Opening: Parham Attack, White: Bernard Parham, Black: Romeo Soriano, Venue: Indianapolis – Scarborough Peace Games, Location: Indianapolis, IN, USA, Date: 08/10/1996: 1. e4 e5 2. Qh5 d6 3. Bc4 g6 4. Qf3 Nf6 5. Ne2 Bg7 6. Nbc3 0-0 7. d3 Be6 8. h4 Bxc4 9. dxc4 Qd7 10. Bg5 Qe6 11. 0-0-0 Nbd7 12. Ng3 h6 13. Bd2 b5 14. cxb5 a6 15. b6 cxb6 16. h5 b5 17. Nd5 Nxd5 18. exd5 Qf6 19. Qa3 Nc5 20. Qe3 Na4 21. Ne4 Qd8 22. hxg6 f5 23. Rxh6 fxe4 24. Qh3 Rxf2 25. Rh8+ (diagram)
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| Moves | 1.…Bxh8 2. Qh7+ Kf8 3. Qxh8+ Ke7 4. Bg5+ Resigns 1-0 (Idea Variation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| ECO | D60 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Parent | Parham Attack | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Black Resigned (The game might have continued 25...Bxh8 26. Qh7+ Kf8 27. Qxh8+ Ke7 28. Bg5+ (and Black can resign as he will lose his queen, with mate to follow).
References[edit]
- ↑ US Chess Member Services. "'Bernard Parham'". US Chess Federation=. Retrieved 2022-01-12.
- ↑ Chess Opening explorer & Database. "'Nakamura-Sasikiran'". chess.com. Retrieved 2022-01-10.
- ↑ Leonard Barden (2005-04-30). "'Barden on Chess'". The Guardian. Retrieved 2022-01-13.
- ↑ ISCA (2021-05-09). "'Indiana State Championship'". Indiana State Chess Association. Retrieved 2022-01-17.
- ↑ Jay Carr (2002). "'2002 Challenge Championship Cycle provides Thrills, "Controversy" & A New Champion!'". Chess in Indiana. XV (May)): 4–9.
- ↑ Jim Walker (2007-02-15). "'A check I can't cash'". Intake Weekly. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 2022-01-17. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ Chess games Services LLC (1964-04-26). "'Robert James Fischer vs Fenner Parham'". chessgames.com. Retrieved 2022-01-19.
- ↑ batgirl. "'American Woman - Part VI'". chess.com. Retrieved 2022-01-10.
- ↑ chess.com. "'Bernard Parham'". chess.com. Retrieved 2022-01-09.
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