Cambay Shale
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The Cambay Shale is a geologic formation in India. It is also known as the Vastan Lignite mine.
Paleobiota
Plants
| Plants from the Cambay Shale formation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Notes | Images | ||
| Pterospermoxylon | P. suratensis | An angiosperm. | ||||
| Anthocephalophyllum | A. vastanicum | An angiosperm. | ||||
| Ebenoxylon | E. cambayense | An angiosperm. | ||||
| Gardeniophyllum | G. cambayum | An angiosperm. | ||||
| Calophyllaceophyllum | C. eocenicum | An angiosperm. | ||||
| Carallioipollenites | C. integerrimoides | An angiosperm known from fossilised pollen. | ||||
| Gynocardia | G. eocenica | An angiosperm. | ||||
Mammals[1]
| Anthracobunians from the Cambay Shale formation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Notes | Images | ||
| Cambaytherium | C. thewissi C. gracilis C. bidens |
A cambaytheriid. | ||||
| Kalitherium | K. marinus | Another cambaytheriid. | ||||
| Indobune | I. vastanensis | A possible anthracobunid. | ||||
| Primates[2] from the Cambay Shale formation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Notes | Images | ||
| Asiadapis | A. cambayensis A. tapiensis |
An Asiadapine. | ||||
| Marcgodinotius | M. indicus | Another Asiadapine. | ||||
| Vastanomys | V. gracilis V. major |
A omomyid. | ||||
| Hyaenodonts from the Cambay Shale formation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Notes | Images | ||
| Indohyaenodon | I.raoi | A hyaenodont. | ||||
| Dichobunids from the Cambay Shale formation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Notes | Images | ||
| Diacodexis | D.indica D.pakistanensis D.parvus |
A Diacodexeine. |  | |||
| Tapiromorphs from the Cambay Shale formation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Notes | Images | ||
| Cambaylophus[3] | C. vastanensis | A tapiromorph. | ||||
| Vastanolophus[4] | V. holbrooki | A tapiromorph. | ||||
| Cimolestans from the Cambay Shale formation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Notes | Images | ||
| Suratilestes | S. gingerichi | A cimolestan. | ||||
| Anthraconyx | A. hypsomylus | A esthonychid | ||||
| Bats from the Cambay Shale formation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Notes | Images | ||
| Archaeonycteris | A. storchi | A bat. | ||||
| Protonycteris | P. gunnelli | A bat. | ||||
| Cambaya | C. complexus | A bat. | ||||
| Hassianycteris | H. kumari | A bat. | ||||
| Icaronycteris | I. sigei | A bat. | ||||
| Jaegeria | J. cambayensis | A bat. | ||||
| Microchiropteryx | M. folieae | A bat. | ||||
| Other mammals from the Cambay Shale formation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Notes | Images | ||
| Frugivastodon | F. cristatus | A apatemyid. | ||||
| Indolestes | I. kalamensis | An adapisoriculid. | ||||
| Indodelphis | I. luoi | A opossum. | ||||
| Meldimys[5] | M. musak | A rodent. | ||||
| Indonyctia[6] | I. cambayensis | A nyctitheriid. | ||||
Reptiles
| Birds from the Cambay Shale formation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Notes | Images | ||
| Vastanavis | V.eocaena | A parrot. | ||||
| Lizards from the Cambay Shale formation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Notes | Images | ||
| Indiagama | I. gujarata | A iguanian. | ||||
| Suratagama | S. neeraae | A iguanian. | ||||
| Tinosaurus | T. indicus | A iguanian. | ||||
| Vastanagama | V. susanae | A iguanian. | ||||
| Heterodontagama | H. borsukae | A priscagamid iguanian. | ||||
| Snakes from the Cambay Shale formation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Notes | Images | ||
| Platyspondylophis | P. tadkeshwarensis | A Madtsoiid. | ||||
| Russellophis | R. crassus | A russelophiid. | ||||
| Procerophis | P. sahnii | A snake. | ||||
| Thaumastophis | T. missiaeni | A snake. | ||||
| Palaeophis | P. vastaniensis | A paleophiid snake. | ||||
Amphibians
| Amphibians from the Cambay Shale formation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Notes | Images | ||
| Eobarbourula | E. delfinoi | A toad. | ||||
| Indorana | I.prasadi | A frog. | ||||
Arthropods
Crabs
| Crabs from the Cambay Shale formation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Notes | Images | ||
| Philyra (crustacean) | P. karkata | A leucosiid crab. | ||||
Insects
| Beetles from the Cambay Shale formation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Notes | Images | ||
| Protoclaviger[7] | P.trichodens | A Beetle. | ||||
| Cambaltica | C. paleoindica | A Flea Beetle. | ||||
| Paleosorius | P. cambayensis | A Rove Beetle. | ||||
| Hemipterans[8] from the Cambay Shale formation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Notes | Images | ||
| Heteromargarodes | H. hukamsinghi H. americanus |
A sand pearl. | ||||
| Normarkicoccus | N. cambayae | A diaspidid scale insect. | ||||
| Neuropterans from the Cambay Shale formation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Notes | Images | ||
| Spiloconis[9] | S. sexguttata S. glaesaria S. oediloma S. eominuta |
A Aleuropterygine Coniopterygid. | ||||
| Bees from the Cambay Shale formation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Notes | Images | ||
| Melikertes[10] | M. (Paramelikertes) gujaratensis M. (Melikertes) kamboja |
A bee. | ||||
| Wasps from the Cambay Shale formation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Notes | Images | ||
| Trichelyon | T. tadkeshwarense | A braconid wasp. | ||||
| Termites[11] from the Cambay Shale formation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Notes | Images | ||
| Nanotermes | N. isaacae | A termitid termite. |  | |||
| Prostylotermes | P. kamboja | A Stylotermitid termite. |  | |||
| Parastylotermes | P. krishnai | A Stylotermitid termite. |  | |||
| Zophotermes | Z. ashoki | A Rhinotermitid termite |  | |||
| Flies from the Cambay Shale formation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Notes | Images | ||
| Sycorax[12] | S. longistyla | A moth fly. | ||||
| Phlebotoiella | P. eoindianensis | A moth fly of uncertain affinities. | ||||
| Dicranomyia | D. (Dicranomyia) indica | The oldest known Crane fly and tipulomorph.[13] | ||||
| Stempellina | S.pollex S.stebneri |
A non-biting midge | ||||
| Tanytarsus | T.forfex T.ramus |
A non-biting midge | ||||
| Camptopterohelea | C. odora | A non-biting midge | ||||
| Eohelea | E. indica | A biting midge | ||||
| Gedanohelea | G. gerdesorum | A biting midge | ||||
| Indorrhina | I.sahnii | A biting midge | ||||
| Lygistorrhina | L. indica | A biting midge | ||||
| Meunierohelea | M. borkenti | A biting midge | ||||
| Meunierohelea | M. cambayana | A biting midge | ||||
| Meunierohelea | M. orientalis | A biting midge | ||||
| Palaeognoriste | P. orientale | A biting midge | ||||
| Webspinners from the Cambay Shale formation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Notes | Images | ||
| Kumarembia | K. hurleyi | One of the few fossil Webspinners known. | ||||
Arachnids
| Whip spiders from the Cambay Shale formation | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Notes | Images | ||
| Paracharonopsis[14] | P. cambayensis | A Paracharontid. | ||||
Color key
|
Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; |
References
- ↑ https://www.mindat.org/paleo_loc.php?id=53536
- ↑ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0047248409000244?via%3Dihub
- ↑ https://jpsonline.co.in/index.php/jop/article/view/104
- ↑ https://palaeovertebrata.com/articles/view/344
- ↑ https://www.app.pan.pl/article/item/app53-001.html
- ↑ https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08912963.2021.1966002?journalCode=ghbi20
- ↑ https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(14)01142-7?_returnURL=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS0960982214011427%3Fshowall%3Dtrue
- ↑ https://bioone.org/journals/american-museum-novitates/volume-2015/issue-3823/3823.1/Diverse-New-Scale-Insects-Hemiptera--Coccoidea-in-Amber-from/10.1206/3823.1.short
- ↑ https://bioone.org/journals/american-museum-novitates/volume-2013/issue-3770/3770.2/Coniopterygidae-Neuroptera--Aleuropteryginae-in-Amber-from-the-Eocene-of/10.1206/3770.2.short
- ↑ https://journals.ku.edu/melittology/article/view/4659
- ↑ https://zookeys.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=3004
- ↑ https://mapress.com/pe/article/view/palaeoentomology.5.4.4
- ↑ https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/earth-and-environmental-science-transactions-of-royal-society-of-edinburgh/article/abs/first-representative-of-tipulomorpha-diptera-from-early-eocene-cambay-amber-india/CC1F3DA23493897CC814CFECCA519B43
- ↑ https://journals.ku.edu/paleoent/article/view/4765
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