Central intervention in the Russian Civil War

Central intervention in the Russian Civil War
Part of the Russian Civil War
Date March, June-September 1918 Location Eastern Europe and the Caucasus Result Central victory Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (Russia) All treaties terminated after Central Powers' defeat in the Western Front
Belligerents
Central Powers: German Empire Georgia Austria-Hungary Ottoman Empire Azerbaijan	Bolsheviks: Russian SFSR Baku Commune
Commanders and leaders
H. von Eichhorn Max Hoffmann Nuri Pasha	Vladimir Lenin Nikolai Krylenko Stepan Shaumian
Strength
533,000 troops 20,000 troops 5,000 troops	22,000 35,000 troops

Central Powers intervention in the Russian Civil War consisted of a series of multi-national military expeditions starting in 1918. This was intervention was picking up from the Eastern Front against the newly set up Russian SFSR. The main goals of the intervention were to maintain the territories received in the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, prevent a re-establishment of the Eastern Front, and administer newly conquered territories.

The intervention lasted less than a year how ever. Despite the short campaign, it was the largest one compared to other foreign interventions.

Prologue to the Central intervention

Main article: Eastern Front (World War I)

The Russian Empire had been fighting the Central Powers for 3 years now and was under going serious problems. After failing to keep power during the February Revolution, the Russian Provisional Government was proclaimed the Russian Republic on September 1st. The new Russian government decided to keep fighting in the war with less success. In July, Russia launched the Kerensky Offensive and failed miserably. This was a serious dent to Russian morale and weakened the Russian Army. The October Revolution would destroy the republic and bring a new regime to power in Russia.

Operation Faustschlag

Main article: Operation Faustschlag

After signing an armistice with the Central Powers, Germany and Russia began negations of what land would be given to Germany. The original demands were the regions already occupied by Germany that consisted of Poland and Ober Ost. Trotsky wanted to hold out and wait for an revolution in Germany to start. Waiting until March, 53 German launched an offensive north to Narva, forward to Smolensk and south to Kiev

Caucasus Campaign

Main articles: Southern Front of the Russian Civil War, Battle of Baku, and Battle of Goychay

During the closing months of World War I, the Ottoman advance north into the Caucasus saw conflict with the Baku Commune which was a pro-Bolshevik commune. This saw a brief return of Soviet Russia to World War I.

See Also

• Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War
• Eastern Front (World War I)
• Caucasus Campaign

References

Bibliography

• Mawdsley, Evan (2007). The Russian Civil War. New York: Pegasus Books. ISBN 9781681770093. Search this book on
• Woodward, David R. (2009). World War I Almanac. Infobase Publishing. ISBN 9781438118963. Search this book on

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