Concentration camp Unter den Eichen
| Außenkommando "Unter den Eichen" | |
|---|---|
| Subcamp (Außenkommando) of the SS-Sonderlager Hinzert | |
 | |
  Unter den Eichen Location of Unter den Eichen in Germany | |
| Coordinates | 50°05′47″N 8°12′54″E / 50.09639°N 8.21500°ECoordinates: 50°05′47″N 8°12′54″E / 50.09639°N 8.21500°E ⧼validator-fatal-error⧽ |
| Built by | Inmates |
| Operated by | Wiesbaden SS and Wiesbaden police |
| Commandant | n |
| Operational | March 1944 - 23 March 1945 |
| Inmates | Political prisoners |
| Number of inmates | 100 |
| Killed | 6 |
The concentration camp Unter den Eichen, officially Außenkommando "Unter den Eichen", was a Nazi subcamp (Außenkommando) of the Hinzert concentration camp established and operated in Wiesbaden from March 1944 to March 1945. Most of its inmates were Luxembourgian opponents of the Nazi regime.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
History[edit]
The camp was built by the Nazis in March 1944 on the northern outskirts of Wiesbaden in a cut in the wooded foothills of the Taunus. The location was in the immediate vicinity of the SS office of the time.
At times, about 100 people were interned in the concentration camp, mostly Luxembourgers who had resisted the German occupiers in their home country.
Initially, the prisoners had to build an SS command bunker on the southeastern edge of the camp grounds. On December 18, 1944, six inmates were killed in an air raid. The officers on guard duty had refused to allow the prisoners to enter the shelter at gunpoint.
On March 23, 1945, under the impression of the approaching U.S. Army, the concentration camp was dissolved and the prisoners were sent on a death march in the direction of Frankfurt am Main. The commanding officer in charge, Police Lieutenant Hertert, thwarted a liquidation that had been planned in the Frankfurt-Heddernheim camp, which had been vacated in the meantime. A large number of the prisoners were able to escape and take refuge in the custody of the approaching U.S. Army. Some prisoners were able to escape beforehand and remain in hiding with citizens of Wiesbaden until the U.S. Army marched in on March 28, 1945.
Since November 9, 1991, there has been a memorial on the site of the former command bunker, which is maintained by the city archive Wiesbaden.
External links[edit]
- KZ-Gedenkstätte "Unter den Eichen" official website (Archived from the original on July 31, 2021)
References[edit]
- ↑ "Das Wiesbadener Außenkommando "Unter den Eichen" des SS-Sonderlagers/KZ Hinzert". Hessische Landeszentrale für politische Bildung (in Deutsch). Archived from the original on 2020-09-19. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ Bärbel Maul, Axel Ulrich (2014). Renate Knigge-Tesche, ed. Das Wiesbadener-Außenkommando „Unter den Eichen“ des SS-Sonderlagers/KZ Hinzert (PDF). Design: Gottfried Schmid (8th ed.). Magistrat der Landeshauptstadt Wiesbaden, Kulturamt - Stadtarchiv. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-09-21. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) Search this book on
- ↑ "KZ-Gedenkstätte "Unter den Eichen"". Landeshauptstadt Wiesbaden (in Deutsch). Archived from the original on 2021-07-31. Retrieved 2023-05-14. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ Wolfgang Jung, Gerhard Honekamp and Hartmann Wunderer (1995). "KZ-Häftlinge und SS in Wiesbaden". Alltag zwischen Mächtigen und Müßiggängern – Historische Erkundungen in Wiesbaden und Umgebung (2nd ed.). Marianne Breuer Verlag. p. 77–82. ISBN 9783980470100. Search this book on
- ↑ Wolfgang Benz, Barbara Distel (publishers): Der Ort des Terrors. Geschichte der nationalsozialistischen Konzentrationslager. Volume 5: Hinzert, Auschwitz, Neuengamme. C. H. Beck, 2007, ISBN 9783406529658 Search this book on ., p. 71.
- ↑ Information sheet of the Aktives Museum Spiegelgasse für Deutsch-Jüdische Geschichte in Wiesbaden e.V.
- ↑ Info boards of the museum "KZ-Gedenkstätte "Unter den Eichen"", Wiesbaden (accessed through Google Street View)
- ↑ Megargee, Geoffrey P., ed. (2009). "Wiesbaden–Unter den Eichen". The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933–1945: Volume I: Early Camps, Youth Camps, and Concentration Camps and Subcamps under the SS-Business Administration Main Office (WVHA). Indiana University Press. p. 843. ISBN 978-0-253-00350-8. Search this book on
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