Dyna arousal
In the Swedish language there is no word to describe or represent the physiological response in the female genitals vagina when sexually aroused, i.e. the female equivalent to a male erection. The word dyna is the current suggestion to describe and represent this physiological response in females.
The word is derived from the Latin word tumescence which translates to swelling. Since the English language is lacking a unique word for this physiological phenomenon as well, the word tumescence is often used in academic literature to describe the female genital response when sexually aroused.[1] The word dyna can be used as both a noun and a verb.
Dyna was created and presented by two midwifery students, in the spring of 2018, Antonia Nordin and Jenny Hedlöf. The two students were awarded for having written the year's best student thesis within reproductive and sexual health, focusing on female sexual function, and more specifically on the female genital response when sexually aroused.[2] In their study, the majority of the respondents, who were all women, believed the implementation of a word for sexual genital response in females could contribute to better knowledge about the female body as well as to communication about female sexual function.[1]
Publicity
This lack of vocabulary for this female sexual function, as well as the suggestion made for a new word, has been picked up by the media and highlighted in both newspapers [3][4] and radio [5]. Furthermore, the physiological phenomenon “dyna” has been discussed more extensively in the popular Swedish podcast Alla Våra Ligg.[6]
The genital response – dyna
Objective arousal due to sexual stimuli evokes an increased blood flow through the pelvis, which is accompanied by a general rise in temperature, especially in the genitals. For some, this can be experienced as a pulsating or throbbing sensation in the genitals. The genital response to sexual arousal, in females, is characterised by the swelling of the specialized vascular tissue found in the clitoris, including the vestibular bulbs and the crura, the labia minora and majora as well as tissue surrounding the urethra, meaning that almost the entire vulva swells. As a consequence of this swelling, the labia minora unfolds and there is an increase in fluid production that transudes via the vaginal walls. This secretory process is called lubrication.[7] The labia minora has the capacity of doubling in size due to swelling when sexually aroused and often turn a darker shade as a result from the increased blood flow. Furthermore, the vagina elongates and becomes deeper due to a relaxation of vaginal muscles that straightens the folds of the vaginal walls.[8] Due to this physiological reaction the genitals get a heightened sensitivity to touch.
The vestibular bulbs, bilaterally draping the vaginal lumen, are able to grow from 3-4 cm in length when unstimulated to 7 cm in an aroused state. Glans clitoris, also known as the head of the clitoris, is the only visible structure of the clitoris as well as the only part with the ability to move and therefore reacts with a small upwards movement when sexually aroused.[9] The sole function of the glans clitoris is inducing pleasure, making it a very specialized organ. Although the clitoral and male penile glans have the same number of sensory receptors, the clitoral glans has a concentration 50 times higher due to the difference in size, which makes the clitoral glans extremely sensitive. The clitoral glans is in fact so sensitive that direct stimulation can sometimes be experienced as painful, and many women therefore enjoy indirect stimulation rather than direct.[8] [10]
The entirety of this physiological response contributes to both psychological and physical pleasure, while also acting as protection from pain or trauma of penetration.Cite error: Invalid parameter "r." in <ref> tag. The supported parameters are: dir, follow, group, name. Studies have shown that women experience this uncontrolled genital response more frequently than men but are less aware of when it occurs. Another difference observed between the sexes is that women can have a genital response simply by biological sexual stimuli. For example, when seeing two animals mating, the brain will interpret this as a sexual act and trigger the autonomic reflex that controls the genital response. The woman does not feel any subjective arousal and will often be unaware of the measured genital response.[11] Additional studies supporting the claim of an autonomic response are studies and cases where sexual genital response have occurred in women under threat of sexual assault or when exposed to sexual violence. This is again an autonomic response to biological sexual stimuli, which acts as a protection against painful or traumatic penetration.[8][7][12] This function can be described as a bodily self-defense and should not be mistaken for lust or consent.
A picture of dyna
See also
- Vagina
- Woman
- Femininity
- Gender studies
- Sex organ
- Vulva
- clitoris
- Human reproductive system
- Human female reproductive system
- sexology
- masturbation
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Nordin, A. & Hedlöf, Jenny. (2018) An online survey of Swedish women’s sex lives: Investigating their satisfaction of sex life, perceived genital response and the need for a word describing female genital response. (Master Thesis, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm) Cite error: Invalid parameter "a." in
<ref>tag. The supported parameters are: dir, follow, group, name. - ↑ Björkman, S. (2018, 17 May). Vill sätta ord på det kvinnliga ståndet. Vårdfokus. Cite error: Invalid parameter "0" in
<ref>tag. The supported parameters are: dir, follow, group, name. - ↑ https://www.expressen.se/nyheter/antonia-28-och-jenny-27-har-dopt-det-kvinnliga-standet/
- ↑ https://www.aftonbladet.se/nyheter/a/G1bewq/de-foreslar-ett-kvinnligt-ord-for-stand-dyna
- ↑ https://sverigesradio.se/sida/artikel.aspx?programid=2842&artikel=6960225
- ↑ https://www.radioplay.se/podcast/alla-vara-ligg?episode-id=38010
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Levin, R. J., Both, S., Georgiadis, J., Kukkonen, T., Park, K., & Yang, C. C. (2016). The physiology of female sexual function and the pathophysiology of female sexual dysfunction (Committee 13A). The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 13(5), 733-759. doi:10.1016/j.jsxm.2016.02.172 Cite error: Invalid parameter "r." in
<ref>tag. The supported parameters are: dir, follow, group, name. - ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 RFSU (2010). Fittfakta. Stockholm: Brommatryck & Brolins Cite error: Invalid parameter "fittfakta." in
<ref>tag. The supported parameters are: dir, follow, group, name. - ↑ Mazloomdoost, D., & Pauls, R. N. (2015). A comprehensive review of the clitoris and its role in female sexual function. Sexual Medicine Review, 3(4), 245-263. doi:10.1002/smrj.61 Cite error: Invalid parameter "r." in
<ref>tag. The supported parameters are: dir, follow, group, name. - ↑
Di Marino, V., & Lepidi, H. (2014). Anatomical Study of the Clitoris and the Bulbo-Clitoral Organ. In. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-04894-9 Cite error: Invalid parameter "h." in
<ref>tag. The supported parameters are: dir, follow, group, name. - ↑ Chivers, M. L., Seto, M. C., Lalumière, M. L., Laan, E., & Grimbos, T. (2010). Agreement of self-reported and genital measures of sexual arousal in men and women: A meta-analysis. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 39(1), 5-56. doi:10.1007/s10508-009-9556-9 Cite error: Invalid parameter "m." in
<ref>tag. The supported parameters are: dir, follow, group, name. - ↑ Suschinsky, K. D., & Lalumière, M. L. (2011). Prepared for anything?: An investigation of female genital arousal in response to rape cues. Psychological Science, 22(2), 159-165. doi:10.1177/0956797610394660 Cite error: Invalid parameter "k." in
<ref>tag. The supported parameters are: dir, follow, group, name.
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