Francisco Antonio Gamboa
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Francisco Antonio Gamboa | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | May 17, 1866 Cali |
| Died | March 28, 1908 San Salvador |
| Occupation | Teacher |
| Genre | Poetry |
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Francisco Antonio Gamboa (born May 17, 1866 in Cali, Colombia); died March 28, 1908 in San Salvador, El Salvador) was a Colombian-born educator and poet who dedicated his life to education in El Salvador.
Early years[edit]
Francisco Antonio Gamboa, the eldest son of the marriage of Mr. Mateo Gamboa Llanos and Mrs. Teresa Herrera Córdoba, was born in Cali, Colombia, on May 17, 1866. His siblings were María Antonia, Paulino, and Federico, and the poets and writers Isaías Gamboa, Ezequiel Gamboa, and Mateo Gamboa. He studied his first letters with his mother and then continued his studies at the Colegio de Santa Librada in Cali, continuing them at the Normal School in Popayán, Colombia. This educational institution closed due to the war of 1885, he took up arms and participated in the revolution, alongside the liberal hosts.
His departure to El Salvador[edit]
After the war was over and fearful of the political persecutions of the time, he emigrated to El Salvador, in the company of his compatriot Francisco Antonio Llanos and Marcial Cruz Vélez. The President of the Republic of El Salvador, General Francisco Menéndez, called the patriarch of national education, hired the services of what was called the Colombian Mission in order to organize and promote the public education system. This mission was made up of Marcial Cruz, Víctor Dubarry, Justiniano Rengifo Núñez, and Francisco Gamboa.
His work in favor of public education[edit]
As part of the Colombian Mission, Francisco Gamboa was entrusted with the position of Inspector of Primary Public Instruction and, later, that of Director of Education. In "La Nueva Enseñanza", a publication of the Mission for Public Instruction Teachers of El Salvador, pedagogical articles and instructions of various kinds were published, some of which were written by Francisco Gamboa. He was a representative of this country at the First Central American Pedagogical Congress, held in Guatemala in 1894. He presented a study plan for his consideration that was approved and put into practice by the respective governments of the representative countries. Later, he founded and organized the Escuela Normal de Maestros de San Salvador, of which he was its director. He was also a government consultant and a trusted man of some political figures who held prominent positions.
Gamboa's Practical Grammar[edit]
As a result of his research and experiences in teaching, he published a Practical Grammar of the Spanish Language, in accordance with the prescriptions of the Royal Spanish Academy, a work of which three editions were published. This grammar was especially well received not only in the pedagogical circles of El Salvador, but also in other Central American countries, and was praised by the wise philologist Rufino José Cuervo. The Ministry of Public Instruction of El Salvador adopted in 1893, as an official text in the schools of the Republic, the first book of said Practical Grammar.
His editorial and poetic work[edit]
In the development of his intellectual concerns, he was a member of scientific and literary institutions, in which he showed his abilities and knowledge, particularly in pedagogical studies, which were his specialty. He edited the magazines El Repertorio Salvadoreño, La Nueva Enseñanza, La Escuela Normal and edited La Biblioteca Económica. He also contributed to the Revista Ilustrada of New York and other Central and South American publications. He also edited several books with essays of all kinds, always seeking to bring modern trends, especially pedagogical, to readers in the country; several of these volumes rest in the Francisco Gavidia National Library.
In 1894, with the title Twelve poems, Francisco Antonio Gamboa made known in San Salvador the fruit of his inspiration. According to the anthologist Guillermo E. Martínez he was: "A poet of noble and fertile inspiration, who traced in stanzas of strong texture the multiple states of his sensitive soul. Correct in form, there are no fainting spells in his verses that are frequently noticed in those who are barely versifiers. He is, in short, a poet of vigorous estrus, as were his brothers, of whom Isaías carries the scepter and occupies the first place".
His family[edit]
Francisco Gamboa married Doña Esperanza Arango Quezada, of Spanish descent, born in Camagüey, Cuba, whom he met in Panama, en route to El Salvador. Don Francisco and Doña Esperanza had six children: María Teresa, María Esperanza, Francisco, Guillermo, Consuelo, and María Herminia. His descendants have given rise to numerous Salvadoran families, including the Delgado Gamboa, the Poma Delgado, the Parker Gamboa, the Llerena Gamboa, the Gamboa Trabanino, the Gamboa Déneke, etc.
Colombian Consul[edit]
The Ministry of Public Instruction of El Salvador was proposed to him, but to carry out the position he had to renounce his Colombian citizenship and opt for the Salvadoran one; however, he had already accepted the position of Consul General of Colombia in El Salvador, a position he held. By himself, Francisco Gamboa was the Cultural Consul since he always welcomed great personalities who visited the country at his house during literary evenings, such as Rubén Darío, Julio Flórez, and Jose Santos Chocano. His family remembers the arrival in May 1906 of the Colombian poet Julio Flórez, to whom a granddaughter of Don Francisco, María Teresa Delgado Gamboa, would write the only surviving poem of hers in his honor since he died shortly after at the age of 13. year old. Rubén Darío(Félix Rubén García Sarmiento)- while convalescing from a recent illness- wrote some verses on the tiny fan of María Esperanza Gamboa Arango, who was barely a girl.
His last days[edit]
The last two years of Don Francisco's life were painful for his family. His mind began to wander and his family had to lock him up to prevent him from wandering the streets. He missed his land and his family. He had already published his writing Do not emigrate, in which he exhorts young people not to leave their homeland and face the harsh separation from their family. He died in San Salvador on March 28, 1908.
His legacy in El Salvador[edit]
In 1915, the Asociación de Profesores Francisco A. Gamboa was founded in the National Palace of El Salvador, the first association of Salvadoran teachers. For this honor, a bust of the "Great Knight of the Education Crusade," as he was called, is in the halls of the old Presidential House. In 1936, the "Francisco A. Gamboa School" was founded in the center of San Salvador, an institution that to date continues to house low-income students from the area. This school was rebuilt in 2004, after being seriously damaged by an earthquake, through the efforts of El Diario de Hoy. The Salvadoran educator Saúl Flores, in the book Our Teachers highlights the contribution of Francisco and his brother Isaías to Salvadoran education. In addition, it was Saúl Flores who wrote the lyrics of the hymn of the Escuela Francisco A. Gamboa.
His poetic lineage[edit]
Francisco Antonio Gamboa is, with his brother Isaías Gamboa, the first bannermen of a poetic lineage of more than 30 poets, writers, and educators, of which we can highlight Octavio Gamboa, Margarita Gamboa, Hugo Cuevas-Mohr, David Hernández, Carlos Hugo Gamboa M., and Miguel Fernando Gamboa. The Colombian writer Vicente Pérez Silva compiled this family poetic heritage in his book Los Gamboa; A Dynasty of Poets.
Bibliography[edit]
- Doce poesías, San Salvador, 1894
- Gramática Práctica de la Lengua Castellana, Third Edition, National Printing, San Salvador, 1895
- La Nueva Enseñanza, Magazine of the Colombian Mission in El Salvador, San Salvador, various numbers 1889
- Nuestros Maestros, Saúl Flores, San Salvador
- Inauguration speech of Francisco A. Gamboa School, Saúl Flores, 1936, School Archive.
- Todo Nos Llega Tarde, Julio Flórez, Biography, Gloria Serpa-Flórez de Kolbe, Editorial Planeta, Second Edition, 1995
- No emigréis, Essay, San Salvador, 1897
- Los Gamboa: Una Dinastía de Poetas, Documentary made by the FUNDACIÓN 'VERSO A VERSO', Cali, 2003
- Los Gamboa: Una dinastía de poetas, Vicente Pérez Silva (in print)
External links[edit]
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