Future Directed Therapy (FDT)
Future Directed Therapy (FDT) is one of several psychotherapies that systematically targets future-thinking.[1] Developed by Jennice Vilhauer at Emory University, [1][2]
FDT is a 10-week intervention intended to increase well-being by teaching skills aimed at changing limiting beliefs and helping individuals generate more positive expectations about the future.[1][2] The treatment focuses on methods that redirect troublesome thoughts towards things that are more valued in an individual’s life.[3][4] Some examples of the skills taught consist of identifying and working towards values, practicing mindfulness, utilizing visualization techniques to generate outcome and process simulations, and solving problems.[1][5][6] The goal of FDT is to encourage patients to develop positive expectations by focusing on aspects of the future over which they have control, rather than dwelling on the past or present.[3][4][5][6][7]
FDT takes into account the anticipatory nature of the brain,[8] and emphasizes future thinking as the driving force behind many negative emotions, as well as the point of intervention for helping people to experience more positive emotion.[9]
Research[edit]
Research on FDT is being conducted at Emory University. In two separate studies conducted at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, FDT improved mood and quality of life for participants. [1]
Intervention schedule[edit]
The first five weeks of the FDT intervention is aimed to help patients identify limiting thought patterns, change their ways of thinking, and to commit to a new, positive future.[3][4] The last five weeks are focused on more "action based" types of learning, which aims patients to acquire the necessary skills in creating new goals for the future.[3][4] New ways of problem-solving, future-planning, and techniques to overcome obstacles are assumed to be taught.[1][5]
Further reading[edit]
- Vilhauer, Jennice S.; Young, Sabrina; Kealoha, Chanel; Borrmann, Josefine; IsHak, Waguih W.; Rapaport, Mark H.; Hartoonian, Narineh; Mirocha, Jim (February 2012). "Treating Major Depression by Creating Positive Expectations for the Future: A Pilot Study for the Effectiveness of Future-Directed Therapy (FDT) on Symptom Severity and Quality of Life". CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics. 18 (2): 102–109. doi:10.1111/j.1755-5949.2011.00235.x.
- Vilhauer, JS; Cortes, J; Moali, N; Chung, S; Mirocha, J; Ishak, WW (March 2013). "Improving Quality of Life for Patients with Major Depressive Disorder by Increasing Hope and Positive Expectations with Future Directed Therapy (FDT)". Innovations in clinical neuroscience. 10 (3): 12–22. PMID 23630646.
- Vilhauer, Jennice (2014). Think Forward to Thrive How to Use the Mind's Power of Anticipation to Transcend Your Past and Transform Your Future. Novato, CA, US: New World Library. p. 233. ISBN 978-1-60868-298-0. Search this book on
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Roepke, A. M. and Seligman, M. E. P. (2015), Depression and prospection. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 55: 23–48. doi: 10.1111/bjc.12087
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Moran, E. K., Mehta, N., & Kring, A. M. (2012). Emotional Responding in Depression: Distinctions in the Time Course of Emotion. Cognition & Emotion, 26(7), 1153–1175. http://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2011.638909
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Vilhauer, J. S., Young, S., Kealoha, C., Borrmann, J., IsHak, W. W., Rapaport, M. H., & ... Mirocha, J. (2012). Treating major depression by creating positive expectations for the future: A pilot study for the effectiveness of future‐directed therapy (FDT) on symptom severity and quality of life. CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics, 18(2), 102-109. doi:10.1111/j.1755-5949.2011.00235.x
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Vilhauer, J. S., Cortes, J., Moali, N., Chung, S., Mirocha, J., & Ishak, W. W. (2013). Improving quality of life for patients with major depressive disorder by increasing hope and positive expectations with future directed therapy (FDT). Innovations In Clinical Neuroscience, 10(3), 12-22.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Vilhauer, J. (2014). Think forward to thrive: How to use the mind's power of anticipation to transcend your past and transform your life. Novato, CA: New World Library.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Thimm, J. C., Holte, A., Brennen, T., & Wang, C. E. A. (2013). Hope and expectancies for future events in depression. Frontiers in psychology, 4, 470.
- ↑ IsHak, W. W., Ha, K., Kapitanski, N., Bagot, K., Fathy, H., Swanson, B., ... & Rapaport, M. H. (2011). The impact of psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, and their combination on quality of life in depression. Harvard review of psychiatry, 19(6), 277-289.
- ↑ Bar, M. (2011). Predictions in the brain: Using our past to generate a future. New York: Oxford University Press.
- ↑ Seligman, M. E., Railton, P., Baumeister, R. F., & Sripada, C. (2013). Navigating into the future or driven by the past. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 8(2), 119-141.
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