Fuyo Jingu
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Fuyo Jingu (扶余神宮 Fuyo Jingu) was a planned Shinto Shrine in Buyeo. It was intended to help with the Japanese occupation of Korea and to be ranked as a Kanpei-taisha, construction started in 1939 but it was never completed[1][2]
Buyeo was the capital of Baekje which had a good historical relationship with Japan. It was intended on marking the permanent incorporation of Korea into Japan this way[3] under the principle of Naisen ittai (One Body of Japan and Korea) [2].
Four Kami were enshrined there: Emperor Ojin (Hachiman), Empress Kōgyoku, Emperor Tenji, and Empress Jingu. All such deities were associated with the conquest of Korea. According to Legend Empress Jingu delayed her birth to attempt to conquer korea.[4][2] The design was based on Kashihara Jingū, aiming to be a key Japanese site. Debates arose on which deities to include. Resources from the empire were used in its construction. However, the shrine wasn't completed due to war disruptions.[2]
History[edit]
In 1938, Zenra-nan set up a shrine in each village, the only prefecture to do so. Most shrines worshipped Amaterasu Ōmikami, some with Emperor Meiji. In Zenra-nan, 175 shrines were for Amaterasu and 106 for both Amaterasu and Emperor Meiji. A few in Junten District honored Kunitama.[2]
At first, the Chōsen Governor-General didn't back the one-shrine-per-village idea. But by 1939, he did, leading to more shrines being built. Zenra-nan had the most with 247 shrines.[2]
The Chōsen Governor-General, during Japan's rule over Korea, wanted to stress Naisen ittai (One Body of Japan and Korea). The shrine was to combine Korean traditions with Shinto practices and underline Korea's role in Japanese history. The main deity was Amaterasu, but Fuyo Jingu notably worshipped four kami - Emperor Ōjin, Empress Saimei, Emperor Tenji, and Empress Consort Jingū - significant to Korea.[2]
Integration of Korean customs[edit]
In the 1930s, Korea started blending local customs with Shinto shrines, seen by some as an attempt at assimilation. But, this was often hindered by the Chōsen Governor-General. Still, local officials in the 1930s tried connecting Korean communities to shrines, leading to a fusion of Korean and Shinto traditions.[2]
Initially, the Chōsen Governor-General suppressed many Korean customs. But, from 1933, with the Agricultural Village Promotion movement, there was a change. This aimed to transform Korean village shrine sites into Shinto-like sites. Many Korean prefectures began recognizing these sites, merging Korean and Japanese traditions.[2]
While Amaterasu was popular, Korean traditions played a role. Festivals included Korean practices like wrestling. Korean mayors, in traditional outfits, led ceremonies, showing a mix of Japanese and Korean customs.[2]
References[edit]
- ↑ Michio, Nakajima; 𠀓𤚇𡌕𰀇 (2010). "Shinto Deities that Crossed the Sea: Japan's "Overseas Shrines," 1868 to 1945". Japanese Journal of Religious Studies. 37 (1): 21–46. ISSN 0304-1042. JSTOR 27822898.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 Shimizu, Karli; Rambelli, Fabio (2022-10-06). Overseas Shinto Shrines: Religion, Secularity and the Japanese Empire. London New York (N.Y.) Oxford: Bloomsbury Academic. pp. 145–152. ISBN 978-1-350-23498-7. Search this book on
- ↑ "POINT 정책정보포털". policy.nl.go.kr (in 한국어). Retrieved 2023-04-04.
- ↑ https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/151473165.pdf
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