Jean-François Borson
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Jean-François Borson | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Deputato del Regno di Sardegna | |
| In office November 1857 – 28 January 1859 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | August 9, 1825 Chambéry |
| Died | December 16, 1917 Chambéry |
| Alma mater | École Polytechnique |
| Military career | |
| Allegiance | France |
| Service/ | Army |
| Rank | divisional general |
| Jean-François Borson | |
|---|---|
| Deputato del Regno di Sardegna | |
| Legislature | VI |
| Collegio | Saint-Pierre d'Albigny |
| General Data | |
| University | École Polytechnique |
Jean-François Borson (Chambéry, August 9, 1825- Chambéry, December 16, 1917) was a French military man and politician.
Biography[edit]
Family and early years[edit]
Jean-François, known as Francis, was born in Chambéry, in the family home, located at 20 rue Croix-d'Or,[1][2] in the Duchy of Savoy. He is the son of Jean-Louis Borson, doctor at the city's Hôtel-Dieu, and Anne Marguerite Chauvet.[1][2]
The Borson family is established "in Saint-Pierre-d'Albigny towards the end of the 18th century.[3]"
During the occupation of the Duchy of Savoy by the French army, a relative serves in the Napoleonic army.[3]
His mother is related to the general Count de Boigne.[1][2]
Borson did his secondary studies in Carouge, which was then the capital of the province of the same name and part of the duchy, at the Champel boarding school.[2] In particular, he learned several languages.[2] At the age of 15 he was sent to Paris to the École Rollin.[2] At the request of the Sardinian ambassador he is admitted to the École polytechnique in Paris.[1][2] Shortly afterwards he obtained French nationality.[2]
In 1842 he was awarded the second prize at the annual concours général for mathematics;[1] two years later he was awarded the "licence" in science.[2]
Military career and Sardinian politics[edit]
Back in Turin, capital of the Kingdom of Sardinia, he began his military career.[1] Admitted without examination, he enters the Sardinian army with the rank of second lieutenant,[2] on January 11, 1845. He then enters the General Staff with the rank of lieutenant.[1]
He participates in the campaign against Austria in 1848-1849.[1] After the battle of Goito (May 1848), he is decorated with the medal of military valor.[1] He is promoted to captain on October 14, 1848,[1] he participates, alongside Lieutenant-General Angelo Bongiovanni di Castelborgo, in the battle of Novara, in 1849, as chief of staff of the I division.
In November 1857, Captain Borson became involved in politics.[4] He is elected to the Chamber of Deputies of the Subalpine Parliament, representing the constituency of Saint-Pierre d'Albigny.[1][5] He served as Secretary of the Chamber's Bureau from December 14, 1857 to January 21, 1860.[4][6]
On January 28, 1859, he was promoted to major,[4] having obtained his IV chevron.[7] He is also made a Knight of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus. By virtue of Article 103 of the electoral law, this promotion obliges him to resign from his political office.[4] At the time of the new election for the reassignment of the constituency, he runs again against the engineer Germain Sommeiller, and succeeds in regaining the seat.[1][5]
During the Second War of Independence, he is appointed to the head of the General Staff of the I Division.[7] He participates in the battle of Solferino, in 1859.
French military career[edit]
A lieutenant colonel in the Sardinian army, he was one of those who, at the time of the annexation of Savoy in June 1860, chose France.[7][8]
This choice sees him bedridden for several weeks, "victim of a brain fever".[9]
Emperor Napoleon III granted him the Légion d'honneur during his first visit to Savoy after annexation, on 5 May 1860.
He enters the geographical service of the army[7] and becomes responsible from 1860 to 1861 for the drafting of the 1/80 000 map for the departments of Savoy.[10] From 28 October 1885, he is in charge of the 31st French Infantry Division. He is one of only three career soldiers to have made the choice of France and ended his career as a general of division, along with Charles Goybet and Auguste de Ville.[8]
In 1867 he was placed in charge of cartographic services.[11]
In 1893, engaging again in local political life, he organized with François Descostes the droite républicaine in Savoy.[12]
When he retired, he began researching the military history of Savoy. A member of the Académie de Savoie, he became its president from 1895 to 1900.[13]
He died on December 16, 1917, in Chambery.
Works[edit]
- Étude sur la frontière du sud-est depuis l'annexion à la France de la Savoie et du comté de Nice, Revue militaire française, Librairie-Éditeur de l'Empereur, J. Dumaine, mars 1870 (Extrait de la conférence au Ministère de la Guerre de 1869).
- La Nation gauloise et Vercingétorix, Librairie Ferdinand Thibaud, 1880, 58 pages. (Extrait de la conférence du 17 août de Clermont-Ferrand).
- Ferdinand de Regard de Vars, capitaine au régiment d'Aoste-Cavalerie (1808-1849), Imprimerie Savoisienne, Chambéry, 1892, 67 p. (Extrait du discours de réception à l'Académie de Savoie, prononcé le 5 mai 1892).
- Le général Ménabréa, marquis de Val-Dora, Revue Savoisienne, 1898.
- Précis des opérations militaires de l'armée sarde dans la campagne de 1859 en Lombardie, rédigé au quartier général de l'armée, précédé d'un aperçu sur les origines de la guerre et suivi de quelques souvenirs personnels, Éditions Abry, Paris, 1902, 82 pages.
- « Inauguration du monument de Maistre à Chambéry, le 20 août 1899 ». Discours prononcés par MM le général Borson, Jules Challier et le marquis Costa de Beauregard, Revue Savoisienne, 1902.
- Une carabine d'un armurier d'Annecy de la fin du XVIIème siècle, Revue Savoisienne, 1912.
- « Préface » du livre les Généraux savoyards d'Alfred Anthonioz, Édition Atar, Genève, 1912.
- « Préface » du livre L'épopée des Alpes : Épisodes de l'histoire militaire des Alpes en particulier des Alpes françaises du commandant Joseph Perreau, Éditions Berger-Levrault, 1912.
- « Les cahiers de notes du général Borson », Revue Savoisienne, 1917-1918.
Aknowledgments[edit]
 |
Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus |
|
Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus |
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 Dupont 1992, p. 53.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 Malatray 2006, p. 94.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Malatray 2006, p. 93.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 François Miquet (1895). Les représentants de la Savoie au Parlement sarde. Revue savoisienne (in français). pp. 171-178 and 250-270. Search this book on
, p. 252.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Storia dei collegi elettorali 1848-1897. Parte II, p. 567
- ↑ Storia Camera
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Dupont 1992, p. 54.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Hubert Heyriès (6 June 2008). "L'intégration des officiers savoyards et niçois dans les armées piémontaise, française et italienne au cœur du XIXe siècle". Revue Historique des Armées (250): 25–33. 1965-0779. Retrieved 26 April 2009.
- ↑ Devos, Roger; Bernard Grosperrin (1985). La Savoie de la Réforme à la Révolution française (in français). Rennes: Ouest France. p. 304. ISBN 285882536X. Search this book on
- ↑ Robert Colonna d'Istria (2002). Histoire de la Savoie. France-Empire. p. 272. ISBN 2-7048-0943-7. Search this book on
- ↑ Dupont 1992, p. 55.
- ↑ Jean-Marie; Christian, Sorrel; Yves-Marie, Hilaire (2003) [1996]. La Savoie (in français). 8. Paris. Éditions Beauchesne. pp. 87–88. ISBN 978-2-7010-1330-5. Search this book on
- ↑ "Etat des membres de l'Académie de Savoie". Académie de Savoie. Archived from the original on 19 July 2008. Retrieved 12 March 2013. Unknown parameter
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Bibliography[edit]
- général Paul-Émile Bordeaux, « Le général Borson (1825-1917) », Académie florimontane, Imprimerie commerciale, Annecy, 1919.
- Dupont, A. (1992). "Le général Borson, ses travaux de géodésie et de topographie". Bulletin de la Société des Amis du Vieux Chambéry (in français). No. 31. pp. 53–56.
- Malatray, Bernard (2006). "Général Borson (1825-1917), de la Savoie à la France, d'une armée à l'autre". Mémoires de l'Académie des sciences, belles-lettres et arts de Savoie. 8 (in français). Vol. 7. pp. 93–116.
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