Julio Philippi Bihl
Julio Philippi Bihl | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Minister of Finance | |
| In office 1930–1931 | |
| President | Carlos Ibáñez del Campo |
| Preceded by | Fidel Muñoz |
| Succeeded by | Carlos Castro Ruiz |
| In office 1924–1925 | |
| President | Government Junta of Chile (1924) |
| Preceded by | Rodolfo Jaramillo |
| Succeeded by | Valentín Magallanes |
| In office 1919–1919 | |
| President | Juan Luis Sanfuentes |
| Preceded by | Luis Claro Solar |
| Succeeded by | Ramón Subercaseaux |
| Superintendent of Banks and Financial Institutions of Chile | |
| In office 1926–1931 | |
| President | Emiliano Figueroa Carlos Ibáñez del Campo |
| Preceded by | José Gabriel Palma |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1878 Valparaíso, Chile |
| Died | 1935 Santiago, Chile |
| Spouse(s) | Sara Izquierdo |
| Children | 6 |
| Education | University of Chile (LL.B) |
| Profession | Lawyer |
Julio Philippi Bihl (1878–1935) was a Chilean lawyer and public official. He served on three occasions as Minister of Finance, in 1919, 1924–1925, and 1930–1931.[1]
He was also the first Superintendent of Banks (1926–1931), one of the first directors of the Central Bank of Chile following its establishment in 1925, and a professor at the University of Chile until 1931.[1]
Alongside his public career, Philippi taught Spanish at the Instituto Nacional. He later taught political economy and public finance at the School of Legal and Social Sciences of the University of Chile, where he remained a professor until 1931.[1]
Early life
Philippi was the son of Friedrich Philippi and Pauline Bihl. His father was of Italian nationality and his mother was German. He had a sister, Elizabeth Philippi Bihl.[1]
In 1911, he married Sara Jenny Izquierdo Phillips (1888–1985), with whom he had six children: Adriana, Julio, Isabel, Vicente, Sara, and Paulina. Raised as a Lutheran in accordance with his family's religious background, Philippi later converted to Catholicism, the faith of his wife.[2]
Among their children was Julio Philippi Izquierdo, who, like his father, became a lawyer and later held several senior positions in the Chilean government.[1] Philippi's grandfather was Rodolfo Amando Philippi, a German-born naturalist who carried out numerous scientific expeditions in Chile.[1]
The family maintained a number of German cultural traditions. According to his daughter Sara, the works of Friedrich Schiller and Goethe were regularly read in the household, while German customs were observed during Christmas celebrations.[3]
Philippi and his wife were interested in landscape gardening and botanical research. Their residence was a house at 337 Villavicencio Street in Santiago, whose gardens were designed in 1926 by German landscape architect Óscar Prager. The family also owned the Fundo San Jorge estate in Buin, where French architect and landscape designer Pierre Dubois created a park.[3] The Villavicencio residence later became the home of the Biblioteca de Participación Ciudadana in Santiago's Barrio Lastarria.[1]
Education
Philippi received his law degree from the University of Chile in 1902 and specialized in political economy and tax law. He completed his primary and secondary education at the Instituto Inglés and the Instituto Nacional.[1]
He subsequently studied at the Pedagogical Institute of the University of Chile and the university's Faculty of Law and Political Sciences, now the Faculty of Law, University of Chile.[4]
Public career
Philippi served as Minister of Finance on three occasions. His first term ran from 9 July to 8 November 1919. He returned to the ministry from 19 December 1924 to 23 January 1925, during the final weeks of the military junta headed by General Luis Altamirano. His third term lasted from 6 August 1930 to 9 January 1931, during the presidency of Carlos Ibáñez del Campo, as the effects of the Great Depression were increasingly affecting the Chilean economy.[1]
Philippi participated in several commissions responsible for drafting legislation to reform Chile's monetary and financial institutions. Following the recommendations of the Kemmerer Mission, he participated in drafting a new General Banking Law and monetary legislation that restored the gold standard in Chile. These reforms formed part of the institutional changes that led to the establishment of the Central Bank of Chile and the Superintendency of Banks.[5]
In 1925, President Arturo Alessandri appointed Philippi as a director and organizer of the newly established Central Bank of Chile. He served in that capacity from 1925 to 1926.[6]
In 1926, President Emiliano Figueroa appointed him the first Superintendent of Banks, heading the newly established Superintendency of Banks. He remained in office until 1931.[1] In 1928, the Chilean government appointed Philippi as a commissioner to conduct a special study of monetary and banking reforms in Europe.[4]
In 1929, President Carlos Ibáñez del Campo proposed Philippi for the presidency of the Central Bank of Chile following the death of Ismael Tocornal. His appointment, however, did not receive the unanimous support of the bank's board because he was serving concurrently as Superintendent of Banks.[7]
In 1930, Philippi served as legal counsel to the commission established to investigate the problems facing Chile's nitrate industry. The commission's work culminated in the establishment of the Compañía de Salitres de Chile (COSACH).[4]
Philippi also represented Chile at several international meetings. In 1906, he served as secretary of the Chilean delegation to the Pan-American Conference in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. In 1910, he headed the Chilean delegation to a scientific congress in Washington, D.C., United States. Later that year, he represented Chile at the Pan-American Conference in Buenos Aires, Argentina.[4]
References
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 de Ramón, Armando (1999). Biografías de Chilenos: Miembros de los Poderes Ejecutivo, Legislativo y Judicial (1876-1973). I. Ediciones Universidad Católica de Chile. Search this book on
- ↑ Academia Chilena de Ciencias Sociales, Políticas y Morales (28 April 1993). "Entrevista al Académico de Número Julio Philippi Izquierdo". Acspm.cl. Retrieved 4 August 2022.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Luz María de la Vega Prat, "Óscar Prager: El jardinero del sombrero elegante", El Mercurio (2006).
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Stanford University Press, Who's Who in Latin America: A Biographical Dictionary of the Outstanding Living Men and Women of Spanish America and Brazil (1940), p. 309.
- ↑ Fernando Silva Vargas, "En el centenario de Julio Phillipi", Estudios Públicos (2013), p. 201.
- ↑ René Millar Carvacho, Pasión del servicio: Julio Phillipi Izquierdo, Ediciones Universidad Católica de Chile (2005), p. 22.
- ↑ Arturo Maschke, Cuatro presidentes de la República desde el Banco Central de Chile, 1940–1960, Editorial Andrés Bello (1990), p. 153.
This article "Julio Philippi Bihl" is from Wikipedia. The list of its authors can be seen in its historical and/or the page Edithistory:Julio Philippi Bihl. Articles copied from Draft Namespace on Wikipedia could be seen on the Draft Namespace of Wikipedia and not main one.
