Kurdish emirates

The Kurdish chiefdoms or principalities were several semi-independent entities which existed during the 16th to 19th centuries during the state of continuous warfare between the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Iran.^[1] The Kurdish principalities were almost always divided and entered into rivalries against each other.^[1] The demarcation of borders between the Safavid Shah Safi and the Ottoman caliph Sultan Murad IV in 1639 effectively divided Kurdistan between the two empires.^[1]

The eyalet of Diyarbakir was the center of the major and minor Kurdish chiefdoms. However, other Kurdish emirates existed outside of Diyarbakir.^[2]^[3]

Policy during the Ottoman-Persian wars

The Ottomans gave the Kurds self-rule during the Ottoman-Persian wars, to ensure that the Kurds remain on the Ottoman side. After the Treaty of Erzurum in 1823 the Persian threat was reduced & the Ottomans brought the Kurdish Chiefdoms under direct control.^[4]

List

Minor emirates

Ahakis (Hakis)
Amid
Ana ve Hit (Anah & Hit)
Aqçaqale
Arabkir
Ataq (Attack)
Baneh
Beni Rabia
Bîcar
Biré (Biradjik)
Cammasa
Çemişgezek
Dasini
Deyr ü Rahba
Ergani
Erzen (Erzenjan)
Eski Mosul
Genç → Hançük, Çapaqçur
Gürdükan (Kürdükân)
Habur
Hazzo (Hezo)
Hizan
Hüsnru
Kigi
Kulp
Mecengird (Mazgêrd)
Mirdasi → Eğil, Palu, Çermik
Mihrani
Suveydi
Süleymandi → Mifariqin (Fariqin)
Mardin
Nisibin
Pasûr
Pêrtag
Qulp
Raqqa
Ruha (Urfa)
Sagman
Sasun (Qabilcewz)
Siverek
Suruc
Sincar
Si‘ird (Sêrt)
Tercil (Hezro/Hazro)
Masyum u Tur (Nahiye-i Tur)
Zakho
Zirqan (Zeyrek)

Notes

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 KurdishGlobe- Kurdish Nationalism in Mam u Zin of Ahmad-î Khânî -- (Part XII) Archived 2012-03-25 at the Wayback Machine
↑ Kurdish notables and the Ottoman state: evolving identities, competing ..., p. 49, at Google Books By Hakan Özoğlu
↑ "The Formation of Ottoman Kurdistan: Social, Economic and Political Developments in Ottoman Kurdistan before the Nineteenth Century (1514–1800)". The Formation of Ottoman Kurdistan: Social, Economic and Political Developments in Ottoman Kurdistan before the Nineteenth Century (1514–1800) (Chapter 2) - The Political Economy of the Kurds of Turkey. Cambridge Core. Cambridge University Press. 2017. pp. 64–92. doi:10.1017/9781316848579.005. ISBN 9781107181236. Search this book on
↑ http://www.let.uu.nl/~martin.vanbruinessen/personal/publications/Evliya/Evliya%20in%20Diyarbekir_Ch_2_Ottoman.pdf ^{[bare URL PDF]}

References

Evli̇ya Çelebi̇ in Diyarbekir: the relevant section of The seyahatname, p. 19, at Google Books By Evli̇ya Çelebi̇, Martin van Bruinessen, Hendrik Boeschoten

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[kurd-globe-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 KurdishGlobe- Kurdish Nationalism in Mam u Zin of Ahmad-î Khânî -- (Part XII) Archived 2012-03-25 at the Wayback Machine

[2] Kurdish notables and the Ottoman state: evolving identities, competing ..., p. 49, at Google Books By Hakan Özoğlu

[3] "The Formation of Ottoman Kurdistan: Social, Economic and Political Developments in Ottoman Kurdistan before the Nineteenth Century (1514–1800)". The Formation of Ottoman Kurdistan: Social, Economic and Political Developments in Ottoman Kurdistan before the Nineteenth Century (1514–1800) (Chapter 2) - The Political Economy of the Kurds of Turkey. Cambridge Core. Cambridge University Press. 2017. pp. 64–92. doi:10.1017/9781316848579.005. ISBN 9781107181236. Search this book on

[4] ttp://www.let.uu.nl/~martin.vanbruinessen/personal/publications/Evliya/Evliya%20in%20Diyarbekir_Ch_2_Ottoman.pdf ^{[bare URL PDF]}

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Kurdish emirates

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