LGBT rights in Antarctica
From EverybodyWiki Bios & Wiki
.svg) Antarctica | |
| Status | Legal in all 11 territories |
| Gender identity | Legal in 10 out of 11 territories |
| Military | Legal in all 11 territories |
| Discrimination protections | Legal in 10 out of 11 territories |
| Family rights | |
| Recognition of relationships | Legal in all territories |
| Restrictions | none |
| Adoption | Legal in 10 out of 11 territories |
Antarctica is, like other regions, quite diverse in its laws regarding homosexuality, as much as the mother countries whose laws have been adopted.[1]
| LGBT rights in: | Same-sex sexual activity | Recognition of same-sex unions | Same-sex marriage | Adoption by same-sex couples | LGB allowed to serve openly in military? | Anti-discrimination laws concerning sexual orientation | Laws concerning gender identity/expression |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Argentine Antarctica
|
 Legal since 1887+ UN decl. sign.[1] |
Cohabitation union nationwide since 2015[2]
|
Legal since 2010.[3]
|
Legal since 2010
|
Since 2009[4]
|
/ Legal protection in some provinces (federal law pending).[5] Pathologization or attempted treatment of sexual orientation by mental health professionals illegal.
|
Transgender persons can change their legal gender and name without surgeries or judicial permission since 2012.[6]
|
 Australian Antarctic Territory
|
Legal since 1985 + UN decl. sign.[1] |
Unregistered cohabitation nationally since 2009 Domestic partnership Australian Antarctic Territory (2012)[7] |
Banned nationally under the Marriage Amendment Act 2004[8] (Pending)[9]
|
Since 2004
|
Since 1992[10]
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination.[11]
|
[11]
|
 Bouvet Island
|
Legal since 1972 + UN decl. sign.[1] |
Registered partnership from 1993 to 2009 (Existing partnerships are still recognised.)[12]
|
Legal since 2009[13][14]
|
Legal since 2009[15] (+automatic co-parent recognition)[16] |
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
All documents can be amended to the recognised gender.
|
 British Antarctic Territory
|
Legal
|
|
Since 2016[17][18]
|
|
UK responsible for defence
|
|
|
 French Southern and Antarctic Lands (Overseas collectivity of France) |
Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity has ever existed in the collectivity) + UN decl. sign.[1] |
Since 2013
|
Legal since 2013
|
Legal since 2013
|
French responsibility
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
Since 2017, gender changes do not require sterilisation.
|
| Heard and MacDonald Islands
|
Legal since 1985 + UN decl. sign.[1] |
Unregistered cohabitation nationally since 2009 |
Banned nationally under the Marriage Amendment Act 2004[20] (Pending)[21]
|
Since 2004
|
Since 1992[22]
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination.[11]
|
[11]
|
 Magallanes and Chilean Antarctica
|
Legal since 1999 (age of consent discrepancy) + UN decl. sign.[1] |
Civil union agreement since 2015.[23]
|
(Pending).[24]
|
/ (Pending) Same-sex couples may adopt, although only one is recognized as legal parent.
LGBT individuals may adopt (Joint and step-child adoption pending).[25] |
Since 2012.[26]
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination since 2012.[27]
|
Transgender persons can change their legal gender and name after completion of medical intervention since 2007. Judicial permission required.[28] Currently, a broader gender identity law (which would not require any surgeries or judicial permission) is being discussed by the congress.[29][30]
|
| Peter I Island
|
Legal since 1972 + UN decl. sign.[1] |
Registered partnership from 1993 to 2009 (Existing partnerships are still recognised.)[31]
|
Legal since 2009[32][33]
|
Legal since 2009[34] (+automatic co-parent recognition)[35] |
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
All documents can be amended to the recognised gender.
|
 Prince Edward Islands
|
Male legal since 1998 Female always legal + UN decl. sign.[1] |
Limited recognition of unregistered partnerships since 1998; Same-sex marriage since 2006.
|
Legal since 2006
|
Legal since 2002
|
Since 1998
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
Anti-discrimination laws are interpreted to include gender identity; legal gender may be changed after surgical or medical treatment.
|
| Queen Maud Land
|
Legal since 1972 + UN decl. sign.[1] |
Registered partnership from 1993 to 2009 (Existing partnerships are still recognised.)[36]
|
Legal since 2009[37][38]
|
Legal since 2009[39] (+automatic co-parent recognition)[40] |
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
All documents can be amended to the recognised gender.
|
 Ross Dependency
|
Legal since 1986 + UN decl. sign.[1] |
Unregistered cohabitation since 2002; Civil union since 2005. |
Legal since 2013[41]
|
Legal since 2013[41]
|
Since 1993
|
Bans all anti-gay discrimination
|
Covered under the "sex discrimination" provision of the Human Rights Act 1993 since 2006.
|
 South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
|
Legal
|
|
|
|
UK responsible for defence
|
|
|
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 "State Sponsored Homophobia 2016: A world survey of sexual orientation laws: criminalisation, protection and recognition" (PDF). International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association. 17 May 2016. Retrieved 19 May 2016.
- ↑ Ley 26.994 CODIGO CIVIL Y COMERCIAL DE LA NACION
- ↑ Ley 26.618
- ↑ AG magazine (2 March 2009). "A New Argentina Overturns Gay Military Ban". Queerty. Retrieved 1 January 2010.
- ↑ Buscan replicar Ley de la Ciudad en la Nación
- ↑ Página12, 10 May 2012
- ↑ "Civil Unions Bill 2011". ACT Government. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
- ↑ Marriage Amendment Act 2004
- ↑ http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/australian-parliament-vote-same-sex-marriage-again-year040814
- ↑ "Australia Ends a Prohibition On Homosexuals in Military", New York Times, November 24, 1992
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 Sex Discrimination Amendment (Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Intersex Status) Bill 2013
- ↑ https://lovdata.no/dokument/LTI/lov/2008-06-27-53
- ↑ "Norway Gay Marriage Bill Passes Final Hurdle". 365gay.com. Retrieved 17 June 2008.
- ↑ "Norway passes law approving gay marriage". Latimes.com. 2008-06-17. Retrieved 2015-05-29.
- ↑ http://travel.state.gov/content/adoptionsabroad/en/country-information/learn-about-a-country/norway.html
- ↑ Template:Nn icon Lovdata Barnelova
- ↑ "The Marriage Ordinance 2016" (PDF). Retrieved 10 May 2017.
- ↑ "Review of British Antarctic Territory legislation: changes to the marriage and registration ordinances - GOV.UK". www.gov.uk. Retrieved 10 May 2017.
- ↑ "Civil Unions Bill 2011". ACT Government. Retrieved September 14, 2012.
- ↑ Marriage Amendment Act 2004
- ↑ http://www.gaystarnews.com/article/australian-parliament-vote-same-sex-marriage-again-year040814
- ↑ "Australia Ends a Prohibition On Homosexuals in Military", New York Times, November 24, 1992
- ↑ Ley 20830 CREA EL ACUERDO DE UNIÓN CIVIL
- ↑ El proyecto de ley de matrimonio igualitario llega al parlamento de Chile
- ↑ El proyecto de ley de matrimonio igualitario llega al parlamento de Chile
- ↑ (in Spanish) Claudio Ortiz Lazo. "Reflexiones en torno a la homosexualidad y fuerzas armadas". Revista Fuerzas Armadas y Sociedad. Retrieved 21 April 2012.
- ↑ "Chile Congress passes anti-discrimination law". Jurist.org. 5 April 2012. Retrieved 29 June 2012.
- ↑ http://www.cooperativa.cl/noticias/pais/judicial/justicia-autorizo-primer-cambio-de-sexo-sin-necesidad-de-operacion-previa/2015-04-08/165825.html
- ↑ http://www.biobiochile.cl/2014/01/21/senado-aprueba-idea-de-legislar-proyecto-de-ley-de-identidad-de-genero.shtml
- ↑ [1]
- ↑ https://lovdata.no/dokument/LTI/lov/2008-06-27-53
- ↑ "Norway Gay Marriage Bill Passes Final Hurdle". 365gay.com. Retrieved 17 June 2008.
- ↑ "Norway passes law approving gay marriage". Latimes.com. 2008-06-17. Retrieved 2015-05-29.
- ↑ http://travel.state.gov/content/adoptionsabroad/en/country-information/learn-about-a-country/norway.html
- ↑ Template:Nn icon Lovdata Barnelova
- ↑ https://lovdata.no/dokument/LTI/lov/2008-06-27-53
- ↑ "Norway Gay Marriage Bill Passes Final Hurdle". 365gay.com. Retrieved 17 June 2008.
- ↑ "Norway passes law approving gay marriage". Latimes.com. 2008-06-17. Retrieved 2015-05-29.
- ↑ http://travel.state.gov/content/adoptionsabroad/en/country-information/learn-about-a-country/norway.html
- ↑ Template:Nn icon Lovdata Barnelova
- ↑ 41.0 41.1 Marriage equality Bill officially signed into law, GayNZ.com, Retrieved 19 April 2013
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