List of Advanced Scientific Computing Research Leadership Computing Challenge allocations

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In the United States, Grand Challenge problems in scientific computing grew out of the efforts of The High Performance Computing and Communications Initiative, and the High Performance Computing Act of 1991.

Grand Challenges identified by the National Science Foundation have included "five "deliberately monumental" research challenges, each requiring "at least a decade of concentrated research in order to make substantive progress"".

These Grand Challenges were formulated at a NSF-sponsored workshop in 2002, the Computing Research Association Conference on "Grand Research Challenges" in Computer Science and Engineering, which was held at Airlie House in Warrenton, Virginia.

"The original plans ... called for creating dramatically faster computers and networks, stretching their limits with Grand Challenge problems in scientific computing, setting up supercomputer centers with the machines and experts needed to attack these challenges, and training people to build and exploit the new technology. More recently the focus has been shifting toward broader uses of computing and communications."

Grand Challenges in computing are not unique to the United States. For example, the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council in the UK sponsored a project between 2007-2009 aimed at "Shaping an International Grand Challenge Community for Ubiquitous Computing."

The following list of Grand Challenge projects in the US provides basic information as to how the nature and scope of these projects has developed year by year.

Year	Title	Principal Investigator	Site	Supercomputer	Allocation (in CPU hours)
2010	A Scalable, Efficient, and Accurate Community Ice Sheet Model (SEACISM)	Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Katherine Evans	Argonne National Laboratory		1,000,000
2010	A Scalable, Efficient, and Accurate Community Ice Sheet Model (SEACISM)	Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Katherine Evans	Oak Ridge National Laboratory		5,000,000
2010	Aerodynamics Exploration for Advanced Aero‐Propulsion Technologies	GE Global Research, Jixian Yao	Argonne National Laboratory		4,500,000
2010	Materials Design From First Principles Calculations	Argonne National Laboratory, Larry Curtiss	Argonne National Laboratory		20,000,000
2010	Prototype Ultra High‐Resoluation Climate‐Weather Modeling Studies	NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, S.J. Lin	Argonne National Laboratory		25,000,000
2010	Simulation of Large Conformational Transitions in Macromolecular Systems using Leadership Computing	Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Benoit Roux	Argonne National Laboratory		28,500,000
2010	Direct Multiobjective Optimizaton of Storage Ring Lattices for the APS Upgrade and Beyond	Argonne National Laboratory, Michael Borland	Argonne National Laboratory		36,000,000
2010	Nucleon Structure down to the Physical Pion Mass	Massachusetts Institute of Technology, John Negele	Argonne National Laboratory		37,800,000
2010	Scalable, Explicit Geometry, Whole Core Nucelar Reactor Simulations	Argonne National Laboratory, Micheal Smith	Argonne National Laboratory		38,000,000
2010	Collaboratory for Very Large Scale Turbulence Simulations on Petascale Computing Platforms	Stanford University, Parviz Moin	Argonne National Laboratory		50,000,000
2010	Improving Light Water Reactor Fuel Reliability Via Flow Induced Vibration Simulations	Argonne National Laboratory, Andrew Siegel	Argonne National Laboratory		75,000,000
2010	Stochastic Nonlinear Data‐Reduction Methods with Detection & Prediction of Critical Rare Events	Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Guang Lin	Oak Ridge National Laboratory		5,000,000
2010	ASCR Joule Metric	Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Kenny Roche	Oak Ridge National Laboratory		150,000,000
2010	The Consortium for Advanced Simulation of Light Water Reactors	Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Doug Kothe	Oak Ridge National Laboratory		30,000,000
2010	AR‐5 Calculations	National Center for Atmospheric Research, Peter Gent	Oak Ridge National Laboratory		80,000,000
2010	Exascale Computing for Accelerating Deployment of Retrofittable CO2 Capture Technologies via Simulation Tools with Quantified Uncertainty	University of Utah, Philip Smith	Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory		3,200,000
2010	Large scale particle‐in‐cell simulations of laswer‐plasma interactions relevant to Inertial Fusion Energy (IFE)	University of California, F. S. Tsung	Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory		3,250,000
2010	First Principles Design of Advanced Thermal Energy Storage Materials	National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Su‐Huai Wei	Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory		5,000,000
2010	A multi‐decadal reforecast data set to improve weather forecasts for renewable + energy applications	NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Thomas Hamill	Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory		14,500,00
2011	Understanding the factors that affect the efficiency of bio-catalytic processes	Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Pratul Agarwal	Oak Ridge National Laboratory	Jaguar (supercomputer)
2011	Petascale kinetic plasma simulation of the interaction among laser speckles in laser‐driven inertial fusion energy settings	Los Alamos National Laboratory, Brian Albright	Oak Ridge National Laboratory	Jaguar (supercomputer)
2011	Reliable Predication of Performance of High Lift Systems of Commercial Aircraft	Boeing, John Bussoletti	Oak Ridge National Laboratory	Jaguar (supercomputer)
2011	Toward Crystal Engineering from First Principles	University of Texas at Austin, James R. Chelikowsky
2011	Fundamental combustion simulations to enable clean energy breakthroughs in low-carbon gas-turbine combustion systems	Sandia National Laboratories, Jacqueline H. Chen
2011	Projections of Ice Sheet Evolution Using Advanced Ice and Ocean Models	Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, William D. Collins
2011	First Principles Calculations of Interfaces in Electrical Energy Storage Systems	Argonne National Laboratory, Larry A. Curtiss
2011	The interactions between vaporizing liquid droplets and a turbulent flow: Fully resolved direct numerical simulation	University of California, Said Elghobashi
2011	Uncertainty Quantification in Large-Scale Ice Sheet Modeling and Simulation	University of Texas, Omar Ghattas
2011	Electrocatalyst Durability from First Principles Calculations	Argonne National Laboratory, Jeffrey Greeley	Argonne National Laboratory	Blue Gene/P
2011	Controlling Nanoparticle Interactions to Engineer New Materials	Sandia National Laboratories, Gary S. Grest
2011	First principles-based design of novel solar thermal fuels	Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Jeff C. Grossman
2011	High Resolution Design-Cycle CFD Analysis, Supporting CO2 Compression Technology Development	Ramgen Power Systems LLC, A.D. Grosvenor	Oak Ridge National Laboratory	Jaguar (supercomputer)
2011	Simulating Regional Climate at Convection Permitting Resolution	Greg Holland
2011	Petascale Quantum Monte Carlo Calculations of Strongly Correlated and Energy Storage Materials	Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Paul R. C. Kent
2011	Large-eddy simulation for turbomachinery	United Technologies Research, Gorazd Medic
2011	Prediction of Supersonic Jet Noise Using Large Eddy Simulation	Stanford University, Parviz Moin
2011	Non-icing Surfaces for Cold Climate Wind Turbines	General Electric, Masako Yamada
2011	Sensitivity and uncertainty of precipitation of a climate model	Argonne National Laboratory, Laura Zamboni
2012	Designing Bioinspired Catalysts for Energy Harvesting & Renewable Energy	Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Pratul Agarwal			5,000,000
2012	Petascale Atomistic Simulations of Ultra Scaled Transistors	Global Foundries, Behtash Behin-Aein			8,000,000
2012	Time Dependent Density Functional Theory (TDDFT) Approach to Nuclear Reactions	University of Washington, Aurel Bulgac			12,000,000
2012	Generation of Intrinsic Toroidal Rotation in Tokamak Plasma to enable Stable Fusion Energy Production	Princeton University, Choong-Seock Chang			20,000,000
2012	Projections of Ice Sheet Evolution Using Advanced Ice and Ocean Models	Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, William Collins			13,000,000
2012	Protein Folding and Computational Models	Stony Brook University, Ken A. Dill			2,000,000
2012	Impact of the Inlet Boundary Condition on High-Pressure Turbine Temperature Predictions	General Electric, Anne Dord			34,000,000
2012	Liquid-solid interfaces in electrocatalysis from first principles	Argonne National Laboratory, Jeffrey Greeley			20,000,000
2012	Controlling Nanoparticle Assembly to Engineer New Materials	Sandia National Laboratories, Gary Grest			30,000,000
2012	Supercomputer Enabled Accelerated Development of Revolutionary Supersonic Shock Wave Based Turbomachines: Achieving DOE Goals for Compressing Carbon Dioxide and Achieving High Energy Efficiency via High Resolution CFD	Ramgen Power Systems LLC, Allan Grosvenor			40,000,000
2012	Exploring the Nature of the Lightest Massive Particles in the Universe	Argonne National Laboratory, Katrin Heitmann			10,000,000
2012	Gyrokinetic Simulations of Multiscale Electro Turbulence for Improved Predictive Modeling of Tokamak Plasmas	University of California, Christopher Holland			30,000,000
2012	HPC Colony: Adaptive System Software for Improved Resiliency and Performance	Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Terry Jones			6,000,000
2012	Computational high throughput screening of organic materials for solar energy and lighting	University of Central Florida, Abdelkader Kara			6,000,000
2012	Transforming Modeling and Simulation for Nuclear Energy Applications	Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Douglas Kothe			15,000,000
2012	High level studies of excited states in light harvesting systems and complex emergent phenomena	Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Karol Kowalski			5,000,000
2012	Massively Parallel High Fidelity Simulation of Spray Atomization	United Technologies Research, Xiaoyi Li			20,000,000
2012	Gyrokinetic Simulation of Energetic Particle Turbulence and Transport	University of California, Zhihong Lin			20,000,000
2012	Predictive simulations of cuprate high-temperature superconductors	Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Thomas Maier			50,000,000
2012	Petascale Thermal Hydraulic Simulations in support of CESAR	Argonne National Laboratory, Elia Merzari			30,000,000
2012	Coupled electronic and nuclear dynamics in solar photocatalytic water splitting	California Institute of Technology, Thomas Miller			22,000,000
2012	Prediction of Multiscale, Multiphysics Turbulent Flow Phenomena Using Unstructured Large Eddy Simulation	Stanford University, Parviz Moin			80,000,000
2012	U.S.-Russia Collaboration on Verification and Validation in Thermal Hydraulics: Nek5000 and Conv3D Simulation of “SIBERIA” Experiment	Argonne National Laboratory, Aleksandr Obabko			30,000,000
2012	Ab Initio Hyper-Nuclear Physics	College of William & Mary, Konstantinos Orginos			70,000,000
2012	Dynamics of conformational transition in thermo-sensitive polymers and hydrogels	Argonne National Laboratory, Subramanian Sankaranarayanan			50,000,000
2012	Validation work for heterogeneous nuclear reactor calculations	Argonne National Laboratory, Micheal Smith			30,000,000
2012	Reducing Uncertainty of Climate Simulations Using the Super-Parameterization	George Mason University, Christiana Stan			11,000,000
2012	VUQ Assessment of a Large Eddy Simulation Tool for Clean-Coal Technology	University of Utah, Jeremy Thornock			20,000,000
2012	Multiscale Modeling of CO2 Sequestration in Carboxysomes	Argonne National Laboratory, Gregory Voth			8,000,000

See also

• Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research

References

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